Plant Metabolites UB.ppt Dr

8/16/2019 Plant Metabolites UB.ppt Dr

1/47

PLANTMETABOLISM

Dr. Idha Kusumawati, S.Si., Apt., M.Si.


2/47

Plant Metabolism


3/47


4/47


5/47

Primary Metabolites


6/47

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the sugars made upof glucose and its isomers


7/47


8/47

Polysaccharides


9/47

Polysaccharides


10/47

Polysaccharides


11/47

Cotton Boll – Pure Cellulose


12/47

Gluey Polysaccharides


13/47

Pectin and emicellulose


14/47

Gum Arabic ! Acacia senegal


15/47

Stora"e Polysaccharides


16/47


17/47

Inulin-erusalem articho!e

Another Stora"e Carbohydrates


18/47

Proteins


19/47

Proteins


20/47

" Structural proteins ma!e

up # to $%& of the cellwall in plants.

" '(pansins help increase

the surface area of cell

walls.

" '(tensins help protect

or repair damaged cell

walls." )he plant cell

membrane is about *%&

structural proteins.

Proteins


21/47

Proteins


22/47

Proteins


23/47

Pa#ain $ Chymo#a#ain


24/47

Bromelain


25/47

LIPI%S


26/47


27/47

OILS


28/47

OLI&E OILS


29/47

'A(ES


30/47

Bayberry 'a)


31/47

*o+oba 'a)


32/47


33/47

Secondary Metabolites


34/47


d b li


35/47


not involved in any primary

biological activities of the plant

(e.g. photosynthesis, development)

> 30,000 secondary metabolites

identified


36/47

Turlings et al. 1990

herbi,or

edama"e

arti-cial

dama"e

arti-cialdama"e

.

re"ur"itantno

dama"e

.re ur ita

Chromato"ra#hicPro-le

/unction o0


37/47

/unction o0Secondary Metabolites

S d M b li


38/47

Chemical ClassCompound

ExamplePlant

Examples

TerpenoidsLargest group with

structures identified,~30,000 compounds

Monoterpenes 'ssential oils and+olatiles e.g.

menthol

Mint

Sesuiterpenes

Diterpenes

)riterpenes Cucumber

)etraterpenoids

PhenolicsMore ubiquitous in

terms of presence in plants

)anninsCondensed

tannins/a!s

0ignins

1la+onoidsNitrogen

Containing Al!aloids 2icotine, Cocaine )obacco

Nitrogen andSulfur Containing

3lucosinolates SinigrinCabbage and other

4rassicaceae


Al1 l id


39/47

" Al!aloids generally include al!aline substancesthat ha+e nitrogen as part of a ring structure.More than 5*%% al!aloids are !nown and are thelargest class of secondary compounds. )hey are+ery common in certain plant families, especially6

" peas 7 1abaceae" sunflower 7 Asteraceae" poppy 7 8apa+eraceae" tomato 7 Solanaceae

" dogbanes 7 Apocynaceae" mil!weeds - Asclepiadaceae" citrus 7 9utaceae.

Al1aloids


40/47

Ter#enoids


41/47

Ter#enoids


42/47

/la,onoids


43/47

/la,onoids

More Phenolics


44/47

More Phenolics


45/47

Minor Secondary Metabolites


46/47

Minor Secondary Metabolites

Mustard Oil


47/47

Mustard Oil

Plant Metabolites UB.ppt Dr

Documents