INTEGRATED PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN PADDY IPM / State Bio – Control Lab Food Security & Agriculture Development Department / Horticulture & Cash Crops Development Department Tadong, Gangtok, East Sikkim use of local traps and fumigation of borrows for field rats. Use ecodon (caster based rodent and wild boar repellent PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT They damage by cutting the standing rice crop at the base at panicle initiation stage and occasionally they cut the ripening panicle of the rice crop and store inside burrows. 5.Rodents Weeding removal of infested plant use of pheromone traps use of Tricho cards. At vegetative stage, the central leaf whorls do not unfold due to larval feeding and turns brownish and dries off. This damage is called 'dead – heart'. When plants are attacked after panicle initiation, results in the drying of panicles which are called 'white ears' 4.Rice Stem Borer (Scirpophaga Incertulas) Weeding use of neem based pesticides spray of metarhizium or beauveria @4gm/lit water use of traps like pest-o-lure. Leaf hoppers feed on the leaves. Infestation during early stages of plant growth reduces the number of tillers, plant height and general vigor But in severe cases, leaves appear yellowish and "hopper burn" occurs. 3.Green Leaf Hopper (Nephotettix nigropictus) Field sanitation Use of neem based botanical pesticides Burning of tyres in the field as a repellant. Rice fields severely attacked by pests emit a pungent smell which gives to this pest the name 'Gundhi bug'. The nymphs and the adults suck juice from the developing grains in the milky stage, causing incompletely filled panicles with empty grains. Black or brown spots appear around the holes made by the bugs on which a sooty mould may develop. 2.Rice Gundhi-bug (Leptocorisa orientalis
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INTEGRATED PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN PADDY
IPM / State Bio – Control Lab
Food Security & Agriculture Development
Department / Horticulture & Cash Crops
Development Department
Tadong, Gangtok, East Sikkim
?use of local traps and fumigation of
borrows for field rats.
Use ecodon (caster based rodent and
wild boar repellent
PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT
PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT
PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT
PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT
?They damage by cutting the standing rice crop at the base at
panicle initiation stage and occasionally they cut the ripening
panicle of the rice crop and store inside burrows.
5.Rodents
Weeding
removal of infested plant
use of pheromone traps
use of Tricho cards.
At vegetative stage, the central leaf whorls do not unfold
due to larval feeding and turns brownish and dries off.
This damage is called 'dead – heart'. When plants are
attacked after panicle initiation, results in the drying
of panicles which are called 'white ears'
4.Rice Stem Borer (Scirpophaga Incertulas)
Weeding
use of neem based pesticides
spray of metarhizium or beauveria
@4gm/lit water
use of traps like pest-o-lure.
Leaf hoppers feed on the leaves. Infestation during early
stages of plant growth reduces the number of tillers,
plant height and general vigor But in severe cases,
leaves appear yellowish and "hopper burn" occurs.
3.Green Leaf Hopper (Nephotettix nigropictus)
Field sanitation
Use of neem based botanical
pesticides
Burning of tyres in the field
as a repellant.
Rice fields severely attacked by pests emit a pungent
smell which gives to this pest the name 'Gundhi bug'.
The nymphs and the adults suck juice from the
developing grains in the milky stage, causing
incompletely filled panicles with empty grains.
Black or brown spots appear around the holes
made by the bugs on which a sooty mould may develop.
The larva remains inside the folds and feeds on the
green tissue, resulting in white membranous folded
leaf and gives scorching appearance
1.RICE LEAF FOLDER
(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis)
?Field sanitation
removal of infected plant
Seed treatment with trichoderma
@4gms/kg seed or with cow urine.
?The disease appears on the leaves, coleoptiles,
leaf sheaths and the glumes. On leaves, the spots
are oval and brown to dark brown in colour.
Sometimes, a light yellow halo may be seen
surrounding the lesions. On the glumes, black
spots appear and in severe cases the whole
surface may be coated with dark brown spores.
The seeds become shrivelled and discoloured.
Helminthosporium
oryzae
CAUSAL
ORGANISMCAUSAL
ORGANISM
CAUSAL
ORGANISM
CAUSAL
ORGANISM 4.Brown spot
?Field sanitation
removal of infected plant
Seed treatment with pseudomonas
@ 4gms/kg seed or with cow urine.
?Leaf blast: characterized by production of
spindle shaped or eye shaped lesions on leaves
with a brownish margin and ashy grey centre.
Several lesions coalesce, the whole leaf withers
leading to a burnt appearance of the whole leaf
withers leading to a burnt appearance of the crop.
?Node blast: the nodal portion becomes black and
brittle and the clumps may break at the affected nodes.
?Neck blast: brown to black lesions appear on the
neck causing girdling and the panicle breaks over
Pyricularia
oryzae
3.Blast
Use of disease free seeds.Hot water treatment of seed at 52-54°C for 10 mins.Use of tolerant varieties.Avoid flow of water from one field to another. Removal and destruction of the previous crop residue, volunteer plants and stubbles. Spray neem oil @3%
Nursery: The leaves turn yellow and become wilted during seedling to early tillering stage called Kresek symptom. BLB is characteristic of yellow lesions with wavy margins on leaf blades that may extend to the sheath.Pale amber colour bacterial ooze will appear on the affected portion.If the infection occurs during panicle initiation and during subsequent stages grain development gets affected.
Xanthomonas
oryzae pv.
Oryzae
2.Rice Bacterial
leaf blight
(BLB)
?Field sanitation,
?removal of infected plant,
?Seed treatment with Trichoderma or
Pseudomonas @4gms/kg seed or with cow urine
The disease occurs first on outer leaf sheaths just above the water level.It produces elliptical or oval greenish gray lesions which later become white. Sometimes, the disease extends upto leaf blade. Brown mustard seed like structures (sclerotia) of the fungus also appear in the infected areas.