Personality
PersonalityVijo s raj Meaning
The term personality is derived from the Latin word Persona meaning a Mask.
The visible aspect of one's character as it impresses others: He has a pleasing personality.
The sum total of the physical, mental, emotional, and social characteristics of an individual.
DefinitionPersonality is the totality of habits, attitudes that result from socialization and characterizes us in our relationship with others Anderson and Parker Personality represents those structural and dynamic properties of an individual or individuals as they reflect themselves in characteristic responses to situations Lawrence A Pewin Personality is made up the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique. It arises from within the individual and remains fairly consistent throughout life Personality DeterminantsDeterminants of PersonalityHeredityEnvironmentSituationalNature: It advocates thatPart of personality finds itsOrigins in biology (heredity)Nature: It advocates thatPart of personality finds itsOrigins in biology (heredity)Biological factors: The general biological characteristics of human biological system influence the way in which human beings tend to see external data interpret and respond to them. The study of biological contribution to personality can be divided into three major categories hereditary, brain and physical stature.
Family and social factors: Family and social groups have most significant impact on personality development. These groups have their impact through socialization and identification process.
Identification Process: The identification process occurs when a person tries to identify himself with some person to whom he feels ideal in the family. First identification can be viewed as the similarity of behavior between the child and model. Second identification can be looked in as the child motives or desires to be like the model. Third it can be viewed as the process through which the child actually takes on the attributes of the model.
Home environment: Total home environment is critical factor in personality development.
Family Members: Parents and other family members have a strong influence on the personality development. Parents have more effect on the personality development as compared to other members of the family.Social Groups: Besides a persons home environment and family members there are other influences arising from the social placement of the family as the person is exposed to agencies outside the home, particularly the school, friendship and other work groups.
Cultural Factors: Culture is the underlying determinant of human decision making. It generally determines attitude towards independence, aggression competition and co-operation.
Situational factors: Apart from biological, sociological and cultural factors situational factors also determine personality development. Situation exerts an important press on the individual it exercises constraint and may provide push. This aspect is very important for organization behavior because manager has control over the organizational situation.
Personality TypesType Asare always moving, walking, and eating rapidly;feel impatient with the rate at which most events take place;strive to think or do two or more things at once;cannot cope with leisure time;are obsessed with numbers, measuring their success in terms of how many or how much of everything they acquire.Type Bsnever suffer from a sense of time urgency with its accompanying impatience;feel no need to display or discuss either their achievements or accomplishments;play for fun and relaxation, rather than to exhibit their superiority at any cost;can relax without guilt.The Five Dimensions of PersonalityExtraversion: This trait includes characteristics such as excitability, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness and high amounts of emotional expressiveness.
Agreeableness: This personality dimension includes attributes such as trust, , kindness, affection, and other pro-social behaviors.
Conscientiousness: Common features of this dimension include high levels of thoughtfulness, with good impulse control and goal-directed behaviors. Those high in conscientiousness tend to be organized and mindful of details.Neuroticism: Individuals high in this trait tend to experience emotional instability, anxiety, moodiness, irritability, and sadness.
Openness: This trait features characteristics such as imagination and insight, and those high in this trait also tend to have a broad range of interests.
What makes good personality?Self Confidence Positive Thinking Learning from failures Self reliance Selfless serviceApproach for good personalityGoal Setting Time Management Communication skills LeadershipIn brief it can be said: Personality is not related to bodily structure alone. It includes both structure and dynamics. Personality is an indivisible unit. Personality is neither good nor bad. Every personality is unique Personality refers to persistent qualities of the individual. It expresses consistency and regularity. Personality is acquired. Personality is influenced by social interaction. It is defined in terms of behavior.
