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Porosity, Permeability, Capillarity
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Porosity is determined by:1. Shape - Well rounded particles have greater porosity than angular.Porosity - The amount of space in between sediments.
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2. PACKING- The more closely packed the particles the lower the porosity.
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3. SORTING- - If all particles are the same size they are sorted. - If the particles are different sizes they are unsorted (poorly sorted) - The more sorted the higher the porosity
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Particle Size alone does NOT affect porosity!!!!! (Shaping, Packing, Sorting does)
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PermeabilityAbility of water to pass throughAffected by: packing and particle sizeTighter packing and Smaller particles = less permeabilityLooser Packing and Larger particles = more permeability
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Other things about PermeabilityPermeability Rate How fast a fluid can flow through a materialImpermeability (not permeable) is due to:A. Tightly packing of particlesB. Cementing of particles by clayC. Cementing of particles by ice
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PERMEABILITY
GRAVEL Rapid drainageFINE SAND Moderate drainageCLAY Slow drainage
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Clay is impermeable water will not flow through easily
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CapillarityCapillarity- Water sticks to the materials that it ispassing through.Capillarity Water - Water stored in the zone of aerationCapillarity causes water to move upward from the water table (capillary action)Capillarity increases with a decrease in particle size.
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INFILTRATIONInfiltration refers to water soaking into the ground:Infiltration rate
