PERBANDINGAN PENGARUH TANDEM WALKING DAN ONE LEG STANCE EXERCISE TEHADAP KESEIMBANGAN LANSIA DI KELURAHAN DINOYO KOTA MALANG SKRIPSI Diajukan Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana S1 Fisioterapi DISUSUN OLEH : NURFADILLAH 201410490311026 PROGRAM STUDI FISIOTERAPI FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2018
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PERBANDINGAN PENGARUH TANDEM WALKING DAN ONE
LEG STANCE EXERCISE TEHADAP KESEIMBANGAN LANSIA
DI KELURAHAN DINOYO KOTA MALANG
SKRIPSI
Diajukan Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat
Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana S1 Fisioterapi
DISUSUN OLEH :
NURFADILLAH
201410490311026
PROGRAM STUDI FISIOTERAPI
FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2018
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PERBANDINGAN PENGARUH TANDEM WALKING DAN ONE
LEG STANCE EXERCISE TEHADAP KESEIMBANGAN LANSIA
DI KELURAHAN DINOYO KOTA MALANG
SKRIPSI
Diajukan Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat
Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Fisioterapi
DISUSUN OLEH :
NURFADILLAH
201410490311026
PROGRAM STUDI FISIOTERAPI
FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2018
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ABSTRAK
Perbandingan Pengaruh Tandem Walking dan One Leg Stance Exercise
Tehadap Keseimbangan Lansia di Kelurahan Dinoyo Kota Malang
Nurfadillah1, Nungki Marlian2
Latar Belakang: Usia lanjut dikaitkan dengan proprioseptif yang berkurang, proses
degeneratif pada sistem vestibuler, refleks posisi yang melambat, dan
melemahnya kekuatan otot yang amat penting dalam memelihara postur,
akibatnya terjadi penurunan keseimbangan pada lansia.
Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian menggunakan randomized pre and post test
two group design. 30 orang lansia menjadi sample dengan purposive sampling.
Kelompok I diberikan tandem walking exercise dilakukan 9 kali dalam sebulan,
kelompok II diberikan one leg stance, dilakukan 9 kali sebulan. Alat ukur
menggunakan Time Up and Go Test (TUGT). Analisis data menggunakan software
SPSS 20 dengan uji normalitas Shapiro Wilk dan uji hipotesis T Independen.
Hasil: Hasil uji hipotesis I menggunakan Paired Sample t-test diperoleh nilai
p=0,000 (p<0,05) dan hasil uji hipotesis II menggunakan Paired Sample t-test
diperoleh nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05) yang berarti bahwa kedua perlakuan memiliki
pengaruh terhadap peningkatan keseimbangan lansia pada masing-masing
kelompok, sedangkan uji beda menggunakan independen test yang dimana nilai nilai
sig. 2 tailed 764, dan t hitung 303, yang artinya nilai sig 2 tailed > α atau 764> 0,05
dan nilai t hitung < t tabel atau 303 < 1.701, berarati H0 diterima dan H1 ditolak.
Kesimpulan: Dapat ditarik kesimpulan tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh efektivitas
Tandem walking dan one leg stance terhadap peningkata keseimbangan pada lansia.
Kata Kunci: Tandem walking, one leg stance, lansia, keseimbangan.
1 Mahasiswi Program Studi S1 Fisioterapi Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas
Muhammasiyah Malan
2 Dosen Program Studi S1 Fisioterapi Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas
Muhammasiyah Malang.
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ABSTRACT
Effect of Tandem Walking and One Leg Stance Exercise One Balance
of Elderly at Kelurahan Dinoyo Kota Malang
Nurfadillah1, Nungki Marlian2
Background:. Elderly is always correlated with some problems namely
decreasing proprioceptive, degenerative process on vestibular system, slow
reflect position, and weakened muscles which is very important to maintain
body posture. As result, the elderly balance system is decreasing.
Methods: The research design used randomized pretest and posttest two group
design. The samples were 30 elderly and taken through purposive sampling
technique. Group I was given tandem walking exercise and the exercise was
conducted nine times a month. Meanwhile, group II was given one leg stance it is
conducted nine times a month. The instrument used Time Up and Go Test (TUGT).
Result:. The result of hypothesis test I using paired sample t-test pair gained
score p=0.000 (p<0.05) and hypothesis test II using paired sample t-test
gained score p=0.000 (p<0.05) which meant that both treatments influence the
balance, improvement for the elders in each group. while the different test uses
independent test which is the value of sig value. 2 tailed 764, and t arithmetic 303,
which means sig value 2 tailed> α or 764> 0,05 and t value <t table or 303 <1.701,
H0 is accepted and H1 is rejected.
Conclusion: there is no difference influence effectiveness Tandem walking and one
leg stance against in elderly.
Keyword: Tandem walking, one leg stance,Erderly, Balance
1 Student of Bachelor Program of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science,
University Muhammadiyah Malang
2 Lecturer of Bachelor Program of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science,
University Muhammadiyah Malang
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ........................................................................................ i
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ............................................................................ ii
PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN .................................................................. iii
SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN PENELITIAN ................................... iv
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... v
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................ vi
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... vii
DAFTARGAMBAR……………………………………………… ................... x
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ xi
DAFTAR DIAGRAM ...................................................................................... xii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................... 1
A. Latar Belakang .............................................................................. 1
B. Rumusan Masalah ......................................................................... 5
C. Tujuan Penelitian........................................................................... 5
D. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................... 5
E. Keaslian Penelitian ........................................................................ 7
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................... 11
A. Lanjut Usia .................................................................................... 11
B. Keseimbangan ............................................................................... 19
C. Pengukuran Tingkat Keseimbangan ............................................... 31
D. Definisi Tandem Walking Exercise ................................................ 32
E. Definisi One Leg Stance Exercise .................................................. 35
BAB III KERANGKA KONSEP DAN HIPOTESIS...................................... 39
A. Kerangka Konsep .......................................................................... 39
B. Hipotesis ...................................................................................... 40
BAB IV METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................. 41
A. Desain Penelitian ........................................................................... 42
B. Konsep Penelitian .......................................................................... 43
C. Populasi, Sampel dan Sampling ..................................................... 43
D. Definis Operasional ....................................................................... 44
E. Tempat Penelitian .......................................................................... 44
F. Waktu Penelitian ........................................................................... 44
G. Etika Penelitian ............................................................................. 44
H. Instrumen Pengumpulan Data ........................................................ 45
I. Prosedur Pengumpulan Data .......................................................... 46
J. Tahap Pengolahan Data ................................................................ 48
K. Analisa Data .................................................................................. 49
BAB V HASIL PENELITIAN DAN ANALISA DATA ................................ 51
A. Karakteristik Responden ................................................................ 51
B. Uji Analisa Data atau Hipotesis ..................................................... 55
BAB V1 PEMBAHASAN ............................................................................... 59
A. Identifikasi Penelitian…………………………………….. ............ 59
B. Keterbatasan Penelitian………………………………….. ............. 69
C. Implikasi Untuk Tempat Penelitian………………………. ............ 70
BAB V1I PEMBAHASAN .............................................................................. 71
A. Kesimpulan ……………………………………………………….. . 71
B. Saran…………………………………….. ...................................... 72
x
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN
DOKUMENTASI
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Line Of Gravity ........................................................................... 22
Gambar 2.2 Base of Support ........................................................................... 23
Gambar 2.3 Vestibular ................................................................................... 26
Gambar 2.4 Somatosensori ............................................................................. 27
Gambar 2.5 Visual ......................................................................................... 28
Gambar 2.6 Penyusun Keseimbangan Postural ............................................... 29
Gambar 2.7 Normal and Abnormal Limits of Stability .................................... 30
Gambar 2.8 Time Up And Go Test .................................................................. 32
Gambar 2.9 Tandem Walking ......................................................................... 35
Gambar 2.10 One Leg Stance ........................................................................... 37
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Kerangka Konsep ............................................................................ 37
Tabel 4.1 Tabel Operasional Variabel .............................................................. 42
Tabel 5.1 Hasil Analisa Keseimbangan ........................................................... 55
Tabel 5.2 Uji Normalitas Data ......................................................................... 56
Tabel 5.3 Uji Paired Test Tandem Walking Exercise…………… .................... 56
Tabel 5.4 Uji Paired Test One Leg Stance ....................................................... 57