Cisco PONC 2015 Pavan Voruganti Senior Product Manager March 2015
Cisco PONC 2015
Pavan Voruganti
Senior Product Manager
March 2015
Bandwidth Explosion
Global IP traffic has increased five fold over the
past 5 years and will increase three fold over the
next 5 years
With a progressive uptake of
video, IP, audio and cloud the
compound annual growth rate
(CAGR) of IP traffic is above
30% per year
Source : : “Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2012-2017.” Cisco. 2013.
“How Cloud, Mobile and Video Will Increase Enterprise Bandwidth Needs through 2017.” Gartner. 2013.
“Extracting Value from Chaos.” IDC. 2011
3 © 2013-2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Optical Innovations
Optics CAPEX shifting
TDM & Packet Switching &
Routing
DWDM Commons DWDM Optics
10G 40G 100G
Bridging the Gap
DSP
Unprecedented Scale
through use of CMOS
Photonics
Si Photonics ROADM
Complete Flexibility No
Manual intervention
and massive scale
100G and beyond
Adaptive rate and high
performance
DSP Innovations
100G and Beyond – nLight Silicon Innovation
40 Gig
100 Gig
200+ Gig
A Track Record of Silicon Innovation
Fully Integrated ASIC
Software Selectable Modulation
Soft-Decision FEC
Transmit Wave Shaping
Increasing capacity
Saving on cost, space and power!
Software Selectable modulation
• Solid lines SMF, Dashed ELEAF, no Raman
• 90 km and 25 dB per span
• Symbol-rate 27.75 Gbaud
• BER 4E-3
Soft Decision FEC
Enhancing Performance is key as we push new modulation schemes to their
reach limits and attempt to eliminate regenerators in networks. 2-3dB performance
enhancement
Hard Decision (HD)
Single bit Decisions : Yes or No
One or Zero
Soft Decision (SD) Probability decisions : Very likely, likely,
...undecided, ... very unlikely
Log Likelihood Ratios (LLRs)
Turbo decoding Multiple decoders ( or observers )
exchange information to enhance result
Iterative decoding Crossword Puzzle metaphor. Firmly
knowing a column word allows to
correct a wild guess for a row word
Next Generation DSP
Ultra low power SD-FEC
64QAM
FlexMod
FlexRate
Client Monitor (100GE, OUT-4, GFEC)
Interworking
Dual Channel
FlexMod
• Different Modulation- formats give different reach
• Current generation chipset provides already SW configurable Capacity versus Reach.
• FlexMod will bridge the gaps
BPSK
QPSK
16QAM
64QAM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
100
1000
10000
0 10 20 30 40Reach(km
)C-bandcapacity(Tbit/s)
32Gbaud
53Gbaud
Spectralefficiency(bit/s/Hz)
FlexMod : What is it ?
• Spectral bandwidth is the same.
• Each modulation format gives a certain spectral efficiency.
• Capacity and reach changes
QPSK 16-QAM BPSK 64-QAM
12 8 4 2 Bits/
Symbol
(2 pol.) 6
8-QAM
Capacity
@32Gbaud 50G 100G 150G 200G 300G
Time domain Interleaving
QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK
BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK
Relative capacity to QPSK
0.5
1.0
3.0 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM
Reach
time
16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 2.0
Reach
QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM QPSK
16QAM 16QAM QPSK 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM QPSK
16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM
QPSK QPSK QPSK 16QAM QPSK QPSK QPSK
QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK
BPSK QPSK BPSK QPSK BPSK QPSK BPSK
BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK BPSK
Relative capacity to QPSK
16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM
64QAM 64QAM 16QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 16QAM
16QAM 16QAM 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 16QAM 16QAM
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
2.75
3.0 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM
Reach
time
Time domain Interleaving Reach
Flex ROADM
The nLight ROADM Paradigm Shift Touchless Operation
Complete Control in Software; No Physical Intervention Required
Foundation for Multi-Layer Network Programmability
Omni-Directional – ROADM ports
are not direction-specific (re-route
does not require fiber move)
Flex Spectrum – Ability to provision
the amount of spectrum allocated to
wavelength(s), allowing for 400 Gb
and 1T channels.
Colorless – ROADM ports are not
frequency-specific (re-tuned laser
does not require fiber move)
Contentionless - Same frequency
can be added/dropped from multiple
ports on same device.
Omni-Directional – ROADM ports
are not direction-specific (re-route
does not require fiber move)
Flex Spectrum – Ability to provision
the amount of spectrum allocated to
wavelength(s), allowing for 400 Gb
and 1T channels.
Colorless – ROADM ports are not
frequency-specific (re-tuned laser
does not require fiber move)
Contentionless - Same frequency
can be added/dropped from multiple
ports on same device.
Flex Spectrum DWDM Architecture
Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4
DSP-Enabled
Transmitters
Flex Spectrum
ROADM
Signal Shaping
50GHz 50GHz 50GHz
TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4
Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4
Today‘s 50GHz Grid System FlexSpectrum DWDM system
Optical multiplexer
Denser Channel
Spacing
Optimizing bandwidth instead of distance
nLight ROADM Flex Spectrum
Flex Spectrum 50 GHz ITU Grid
Rigid spacing Wasted spectrum Superchannel with tightly spaced
sub-carriers Efficient spectrum use
Lighting the way to flexible, dynamic packet-to-wavelength mapping
Graceful growth to terabit and greater superchannels
CMOS Photonics
Moore’s Law - review
Smaller transistors every 18-24 months
• 2x density cheaper • Not really 2x (half-steps…)
• Skyrocketing costs
• Faster switching • Fast silicon surrounded by not-so-fast physics
• Lower operating voltages • Voltage scaling has nearly stopped (~0.85V)
• Lower power • Higher leakage
• Power vs. performance tradeoff 90nm 65nm 45nm 32nm 22nm 14nm 10nm
“Traditional” 2x scaling
CSCO today
40nm 28nm 16nm 12nm
Opportunity
Time
Pow
er/
Space
Optics
Silicon Photonics
Silicon
Integration has lagged in optical technology • Dissimilar materials • Dissimilar environmentals • Dissimilar economies of scale
(vs. CMOS)
“CPAK”
CFP 1st-gen 100G-LR4 CPAK module:
• 70% less power
• 70% smaller
• Significant cost savings
• Broad usage across Cisco
Significantly lower size/power enables larger face plate density
Enabled industry’s 1st 1 Tb/s line card on NCS 6K platform!
CPAK™: 100G Transceiver Innovation Breaking Through the Capacity Brick Wall • Industry’s first CMOS Photonics Solution
• CMOS Photonics – Light processing in Silicon!
• 70% size reduction, 70% power reduction
• IEEE Standards based
• OTU4 compliant, SR10, LR4, ER4 variants
NEW
CFP
CPAK
CPAK is the smallest 100G form-factor capable
of supporting the full range of IEEE reaches
available. Comparison:
10 CPAKs = 1 Terabit
1 Terabit for < 60W
Current 100Gb Coherent Optical Module
iTLA
Tx
Rx
Technology options for DP-QPSK modulator
Scaling down
Package dimension: 102mm X 13.5mm X 7mm
LN (OIF)
Package dimension: ~35mm X 15mm X 7mm
InP
By factor 4
By factor 10 Modulator + Driver
SiP Package dimension: 14.4mm X 11.5mm X 6.6mm
Efficient integration of optics
and electronics
Power dissipation reduction
Cisco 100G Coherent Evolution
Current solution : LN modulator
and driver
SiP modulator with
integrated driver
Simple assembly process
Small Form Factor
Power dissipation reduction
Cost reduction
Reducing Space/Power/Cost of Coherent 100Gb Optics
ITLA
Tx
Rx
Potential System Applications of SiPh Elec
Opt.
op
tic
s
NPU
ASIC
Fabric
ASIC
NPU
ASIC
NPU
ASIC
NPU
ASIC op
tic
s
NPU
ASIC
Fabric
ASIC
1. Embedded client optics:
3. Chip-to-chip local I/O bottleneck:
2. Backplane / Intra-system:
Locations where we would consider introducing Silicon Photonics into a
system leveraging Advanced optical packing platforms
sh
ort
est
op
tic
s
long
est
Fabric
ASIC
NPU
ASIC
NPU
ASIC
op
tic
s