Patricia Dotson & Erika Conde ANXIETY DISORDERS: OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER AND CLAUSTROPHOBIA
Dec 17, 2015
Causes Areas of the brain Hereditary
Signs and Symptoms Repeated thoughts or
images Rituals No control Brief relief
Who’s at risk? Childhood and teen years Equal among men and
women
Diagnosis Obsessions and/or
Compulsions Excessive or Unreasonable Time-consuming
Obsession Criteria Persistent/Unwelcomed
thoughts causing distress Compulsive behaviors
Compulsion Criteria Repetitive behaviors
Treatments Psychotherapy Medication
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER
Inherited Factors:1. No specific genes
have been discovered
Obsessive-compulsive disorder: An information guide ( © 2001 CAMH)
Constitutional (biological)
Vulnerability
Psychiatric Outcome: Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder
Cognitive Factors:1. Obsessions 2. Compulsions
3. Time-consuming Rituals
4. Exaggerated Responsibility
Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Unearthing a
Hidden Problem – Sayegh, Bea, Angelopoulos
Stress (Sociocultural Factors): 1. Emotional stress, such as
new job or ending a relationship
2. Life Events Obsessive-compulsive
disorder: An information guide ( © 2001 CAMH)
Neuromaturational Factors (Biological):
1. Levels of Serotonin 2. Brain Activity – caudate
nucleus, prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus
Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Unearthing a Hidden
Problem – Sayegh, Bea, Angelopoulos
Causes Childhood Trauma Classical Conditioning Smaller Amygdala Prepared Phobia
Signs and Symptoms Hyperventilation Panic Attacks Sweating
Who’s at risk? Children/teens
Diagnosis Claustrophobia
Questionnaire Claustrophobia Scale
Treatments CBT (Cognitive
Behavior Therapy) Drug Therapy Relaxation Exercises Alternative/Natural
medicines
CLAUSTROPHOBIA
Inherited Factors:1. Family History
2. Evolutionary survival mechanism
3. History of nervousnessMurphy & JA Brunberg (1997): anxiety and
sedation in MRI
Constitutional (biological)
Vulnerability
Psychiatric Outcome:
Claustrophobia
Cognitive Factors:1. Perceived absence of
controlClaustrophobia in MRI: the role of cognitions (Magnetic Resonance
Imaging)
Stress (Sociocultural Factors):
1. Associated with confinement/restriction-
generally coincides the fear of suffocation
2. Result of traumatic or unpleasant experiences
(panic attacks)Murphy & JA Brunberg (1997): anxiety and sedation in MRI
Neuromaturational Factors (Biological):
1. Certain Brain Functions affect the onset of anxiety
disorders2. Lower levels of GABA
3. RRP Theory4. Amygdala dysfunction
http://www.ccjm.org/content/70/10/824.full.pdf+htmlhttp://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/
journals/0890-8567/PIIS0890856709658615.pdfhttp://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/health_information/
a_z_mental_health_and_addiction_information/obsessive_compulsive_disorder/obsessive_compulsive_disorder_information_guide/Pages/ocd_causes.aspx#biological
http://anxietysupportcenter.com/panic-anxiety-disorders/claustrophobia/
http://www.epigee.org/mental_health/claustrophobia.htmlhttp://www.bozemanskinclinic.com/rrp/claustrophobia.php
BIBLIOGRAPHY