Path Diversity for Media Path Diversity for Media Streaming Streaming The Use of Multiple Description Coding The Use of Multiple Description Coding J. Apostolopoulos, M. Trott and W. J. Apostolopoulos, M. Trott and W. Tan Tan Presented by Xiaoyuan GUO Presented by Xiaoyuan GUO
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Path Diversity for Media StreamingPath Diversity for Media Streaming
The Use of Multiple Description CodingThe Use of Multiple Description Coding
J. Apostolopoulos, M. Trott and W. TanJ. Apostolopoulos, M. Trott and W. Tan
Presented by Xiaoyuan GUOPresented by Xiaoyuan GUO
Outline IntroductionIntroduction Path Diversity Multiple Description Coding Systems Design, Analysis and
Operation Applications and Architectures Summary
2/44 Outline23/4/7
Background and Motivation Media Streaming Characteristics
Delay sensitive Loss tolerant
Best-effort packet networks(i.g. Internet) Delay, loss rate and available bandwidth
dynamic and unpredictable The default path is often not the best path many applications(e.g. multicast or
broadcast) lack a back channel or other means for retransmission
Media streaming is quite challenging
23/4/7 Introduction3/44
Solution Path diversity + Multiple Description
Coding
23/4/7 Introduction4/44
Outline Introduction Path DiversityPath Diversity Multiple Description Coding Systems Design, Analysis and
Operation Applications and Architectures Summary
23/4/7 Introduction5/44
Definition and Categories Diversity: frequency, time and spatial A transmission technique that sends
data through two or more paths in a packet-based network
Categories Transmission methods
Use multiple paths at the same time Select best path
Source numbers
23/4/7 Path Diversity6/44
Single Source Path diversity using single source
23/4/7 Path Diversity7/44
Multiple sources Path diversity using multiple sources
23/4/7 Path Diversity8/44
Benefits Benefits of path diversity
Bandwidth aggregation(use all at once) Traffic load balancing Reduce probability of service outage, i.g.
streaming from multiple servers in CDN or from multiple peers in P2P
23/4/7 Path Diversity9/44
Reduce delay and jitter Reduce delay and delay jitter
Queue diversity Network delay due to backlogged queue Benefits of multiple parallel queue
Helpful Time-invariant paths having different but unknown
delay characteristics Applications of end-to-end delay constraint while
maintaining quality
23/4/7 Path Diversity10/44
Reduce loss Reduce losses
Path selection When a single path system is unreliable and with
feedback
23/4/7 Path Diversity11/44
Reduce Uncertainty Reduce uncertainty with averaging loss rate
Time-invariant paths lack feedback Time-varying paths that measurement lags
variation Broadcast or multicast scenarios
23/4/7 Path Diversity12/44
Reduce Loss Decrease the probability of outage
Outage: all communication along a network path is lost for a sizable length of time
Single path p while two paths p^2 Reduce the length of burst losses
Increase the interpacket space on each path
23/4/7 Path Diversity13/44
Outline Introduction Path Diversity Multiple Description CodingMultiple Description Coding Systems Design, Analysis and
Operation Applications and Architectures Summary
14/44 Outline23/4/7
What is it? Descriptions: sets of compressed data The more descriptions available, the
Choose a low-latency path Skype using nodes in internet to bypass
firewall and NATS
23/4/7 Applications and Architectures35/44
CDN Using multiple paths simultaneously
Content delivery networks Choose a good/best server by multiple
path selection Multiple servers provide path diversity
with SD and FEC Multiple resources stream packets to client
MD-CDN design and operation Refer to W. Tan et al. “On Multiple Description
Streaming with Content Delivery Networks”
23/4/7 Applications and Architectures36/44
P2P Peer-to-Peer networks
One essential challenge Provide an uninterrupted flow of data to each
client for the duration of the streaming session
Multiple servers reduce service outages in the face of uncertain peer and network condition
23/4/7 Applications and Architectures37/44
Wireless network Path diversity over wireless network
Characteristics of wireless network Time-varying and unpredictable behavior
caused by multiple users, interface, propagation effects and mobility
Reduce uncertainty and improve reliabilities
23/4/7 Applications and Architectures38/44
Architectures Control packet routes
Relay host Direct different streams over different paths
to send each stream to different relay hosts Forward streams to their final destinations
Source routing Specify the set of nodes for each packet to
traverse Specify different source routes for different
subsets of packets
23/4/7 Applications and Architectures39/44
Outline Introduction Path Diversity Multiple Description Coding Systems Design, Analysis and
Operation Applications and Architectures SummarySummary
40/44 Outline23/4/7
Summary Provide a survey of the benefits,
architecture, system design issues and open problems associated with streaming delivery using path diversity
Path diversity Overcome dynamic and unpredictable
available bandwidth, delay and loss rate Take a step closer to feedback-free video
streaming VoIP, CDN, P2P,WLAN, ad-hoc, etc.
23/4/7 Summary41/44
Summary(2) Multiple description coding
Combined with path diversity to enhance its benefits for media streaming
23/4/7 Summary42/44
References• J. G. Apostolopoulos, W. Tan, S. J. Wee, and G. W. Wornell.
“Modeling Path Diversity for Multiple Description Video Communication,” IEEE ICASSP, May 2002.
• R. Puri and K. Ramchandran. “Multiple Description Source Coding Using Forward Error Correction Codes,” IEEE Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, October 1999.
• J. G. Apostolopoulos, W. Tan, S. J. Wee, and G. W. Wornell. “Modeling Path Diversity for Multiple Description Video Communication,” IEEE ICASSP, May 2002.
• L. Ozarow. “On a Source Coding Problem with Two Channels and Three Receivers,”Bell Syst. Tech. J., 59:1909–1921, December 1980.
• J. G. Apostolopoulos, T. Wong, W. Tan, and S. J. Wee. “On Multiple Description Streaming with Content Delivery Networks,” IEEE INFOCOM, June 2002.