15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar Passive House for Armenia: Retrofitting solutions for multistorey residential and public buildings Giorgia Tzar Passive House Institute Rheinstraße 44 | 46 64283 Darmstadt, Germany [email protected]+49(0)6151 826 99 55
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Passive House for Armenia: Retrofitting solutions for ... · Passive House Principles The Passive House standard is defined by 5 key concepts: ... applied to any building in any climate
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15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
The Passive House Standard is a performance-based standard for highly energy efficient buildings.
A Passive House is a building, which on account of its excellent thermal insulation, uses up to
90% less heating energy and up to 80% less cooling energy than an existing building.
Passive House buildings make use of passive heating and cooling sources, such as solar radiation
(heating) or night ventilation and shading (cooling).
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
Passive House Principles
The Passive House standard is
defined by 5 key concepts:
Thermal Insulation
Thermal bridge elimination
High performance windows
Airtight envelope
Adequate ventilation (Mechanical
Ventilation System with heat
recovery)
A well designed Passive House
building will have a heating or cooling
demand of or less than 15 kWh / m2
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
Armenian Conditions
The Passive House Standard can be
applied to any building in any climate
zone.
Passive House for Armenia will have
to take into account the unique
geography and climate of Armenia
High Altitude
Continental Climate
Large temperature fluctuations
Due to Armenia‘s height above sea
level, the majority of the country is in
the cool-temperate climate zone, but
other local zones will exist
(mountainous regions may fall within
the cold zone).
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
Passive House buildings for Armenia
will have many similarities to those
found in Central Europe, such as
Germany, Austria and Hungary.
Common features will include:
Thick, well insulated walls
Triple glazed windows
High efficiency mechanical heat
recovery ventilation
Arctic ColdCool-
temperate
Warm-
temperateWarm Hot Very hot
Walls (opaque) 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3
Glazing type
recommended
Vacuum / 4-glazed
low-e
3- or 4-glazed
low-e
3-glazed
low-e
3-glazed
low-e
2-glazed low-
e
2-glazed
anti-sun
3-glazed
anti-sun
Uw, installed
MAX (vertical)0.45 0.65 0.85 1.05 1.25 1.25 1.05
Passive House for Armenia
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
The EnerPHit Passive House
standard has been developed for the
renovation of existing buildings.
EnerPHit allows renovations to be
completed in either a single stage or
across multiple stages for cost and
life cycle effectiveness.
The EnerPHit standard allows for a
higher heating energy demand (25
kWh/m2) as existing buildings can
present more challenges than new
builds (e.g. building direction, thermal
bridges)
Passive House retrofit – EnerPHit
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
Many multistory residential panel
buildings, often built to the same
design plans.
This means a standardised
renovation approach can be
developed and scaled to many
buildings such as the Solanova
project in Hungary.
This approach can result in lower
overall cost of the retrofit program by
the standardisation of work and
materials and capacity building
181170
150
72 72
181
146
117
25 25
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
until 2016 -Existing Building
2016 -Windows +ventilation
2028 -Basement ceiling +
roof + PV
2040 -External walls +Entrance door
next 50-100 years -replacements ofheating system
Sp
ecific
He
atin
g d
em
an
d [kW
h/m
²a]
SHALLOW RETROFITS DEEP RETROFITS
Do it right NOW…
…to achieve high efficiency in 2050
Locked in
Future proof
EnerPHit for Armenia
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
This Soviet era school in Latvia was
retrofit to the EnerPHit standard in
2014.
The building was constructed from
concrete and the walls, roof and floor
were insulated. A Passive House
certified ventilation system with heat
recovery was installed and the
building was made airtight to the
Passive House standard.
Additional heating to the building was
provided by a ground source heat
pump.
EnerPHit – Latvian School
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
The results of the EnerPHit retrofit
saw a significant reduction in heating
demand for the building.
Pre Retrofit: 278 kWh/(m2a)
Post Retrofit: 25 kWh/(m2a)
This results in an overall reduction in
heating for the building of 524,722
kWh per year.
This results in an annual reduction of
72.5 tonnes of CO2 from the
atmosphere
EnerPHit – Latvian School
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
This apartment block in the German
city of Frankfurt, originally built in the
1950s. 54 apartments were
renovated in 2005.
The building is typical of post-war era
German construction.
The facade of the building was
insulated.
A Passive House certified ventilation
system with heat recovery was
installed and the building was made
airtight to the Passive House
standard.
Before
EnerPHit – Frankfurt Apartments
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
EnerPHit – Frankfurt Apartments
As a result of the retrofit the heating
energy demand was reduced by
90%.
Pre Retrofit: 172 kWh/(m2a)
Post Retrofit: 17 kWh/(m2a)
This results in an overall reduction in
heating for the building of 596,750
kWh per year.
This results in an annual reduction of
122.1 tonnes of CO2 from the
atmosphere
After
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
New Build – Moldovan Kindergarten
This Kindergarten, in Calarasi
Moldova, was the first certified
Passive House building in Moldova
and was completed in 2017.
It is a pioneer project for the region
and was opened by the Moldovan
Prime Minister in June 2017.
It was constructed using high
performance Passive House certified
components and building materials.
Approximately 40cm insulation
thicknesses are similar to those seen
in Central Europe and what could be
expected in Armenia.
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
New Build – Moldovan Kindergarten
The final building was certified to 15
kWh/(m2a), which will result in an
annual heating demand of 12,255
kWh.
The heating is provided by a subsoil
brine heat exchanger and hydronic
sub floor heating. This results in a
warm floor, which increases the
comfort for the children and carers.
Hot water to the building is provided
by a combination of a solar thermal
system and wood pellet burner.
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
District Planning: Tools and
research available such as
districtPH, EnerPHit Step-by-step
plans.
districtPH is an Excel tool for the
optimisation of city districts in terms
of energy efficiency. It enables the
user to investigate the long-term
consequences of planning decisions
and refurbishment strategies, with
reference to various performance
indicators.
Capacity building is a major factor
in the cost and success of a project.
EU‘S Train-to-nZEB project resulted
in ‘Building Knowledge Hubs’ where
practical training (for
tradespeople), demonstrations
and comprehensive consulting
services for the design and
construction of highly energy efficient
buildings is offered.
Capacity Building and Planning
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
The public is more often interested in
the emotional and/or soft benefits of
energy efficiency including:
1. High levels of comfort
2. Consistent fresh air throughout
the building
3. Structural longevity: mould-free
buildings with a highly reduced
risk of moisture related damage
4. Extremely low heating/cooling
costs; despite rising energy costs
5. Passive House buildings benefit
regional manufacturers
Public Awareness of the benefits
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
ComponentsTransparent
Opaque
Services
PeopleCertifiers
Designers/Consultants
Tradespersons
Design ToolsPHPP
designPH
DistrictPH
BuildingsPassive House
EnerPHit
PHI Low Energy Buildings
+ + =
1. Capacity building and consultancy
2. Certified, quality assured components
3. Reliable calculations using an energy balance
tool
4. Certified, quality assured new builds and
retrofits
5. Research
Passive House Institute‘s Contribution
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
The Passive House district "Bahnstadt" in Heidelberg was the model for the Bahn-
stadt district currently under construction in Gaobeidian, China. Gaobeidian is also
the venue of the upcoming 23rd International Passive House Conference in China
from September 21-22m 2019.
To build a bridge between these two Passive House districts, a Passive House
Conference will also take place in Heidelberg from May 3-4, 2019.
PH Conference in
Heidelberg
www.passivehouseconference.org
3rd & 4th
May 2019
International Passive House Conference
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
8 -10 November
2019
International Passive House Days
15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar
Copyright: The contents are the intellectual property
of the Passive House Institute. Further use of individual
contents is not permitted without the express permission