Passage Plan 3

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Ocean passage

Voyage Planning

Planning the safe & economical passagebetween two places

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Example Ocean Passage

From Oceean Quay, Southampton

To New York, via Nab Tower.

ETD 1600 9thJanuary 2012

Principles are the same regardless ofsize or type of craft

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Voyage Planning In all cases, the plan will cover from berth

to berthand apply to anytypes of vessel.

For your practical Navigation you

will only do detailed plans of; Exit and/or entry

Southampton

Portsmouth Warsash

Cowes

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Advantages of Voyage Planning

Margins of safety are considered vertical (depth) & horizontal (distance)

Critical sections of the voyage areidentified Important information will not be missed Navigation marks and systems identified

Watchkeeping duties are planned to ensureadequate rest

Contingency plans can be drawn up

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Preliminary researchBefore conducting detailed planning

Monthly routeing charts see UKHO site

UKHO Navigational charts UKHO site

Ocean passages for the world

Distance Tables (Sea rates site)

Admiralty Sailing directions (UKHO pubssite)

Outline ETD,ETA

Environmental briefing document

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There are 4 stages in voyageplanning

1. Appraisal: collecting information

2. Planning: planning voyage from berth toberth

3. Execution: update plan beforedeparture

4. Monitoring: making sure ship keeps to theplan

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1. Appraisal Checklist

Great Circle or Rhumbline routes

TSS and shipping lanes, traffic, fishing vessels

ETD,ETA and speed of advance (SOA) Meteorology Climate/weather

Limitations of ship, eg loadline changes

Limiting danger lines (LDL or no go lines) Time zones

Availability of navaids

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Detailed planning

Routes with alternatives, with LDL andcourses.

Distances to run

ETD,ETA planned noon and midnightpositions

SOA and any changes

Predicted currents

Known meteorologiccal data (fog,ice etc)

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Detailed brief before the passage

Use the small scale chart(covers a largearea)

Plus any large scale charts to explaincritical phases

These may be ECDIS

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Full navigational information

LDL,

Tracks

Distance to run Heights of tide, under keel clearance

(UKC)

Parallel indices (PI)/Clearing lines Predicted tidal stream

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Full navigational informationContinued

ETDs ETAs

Bubble times

Arrival gates Pilot boarding points/time

Reporting points

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Appraisal (contd.)

Correct charts are available and up to date

Sailing Directions, Light Lists, etc. available

Latest Notices to Mariners received Tides, currents, weather information

Ships routeing and traffic volume expected

Port and pilot information Any special requirements for the ship

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2. Planning

On the basis of the appraisal, adetailed voyage plan is prepared

from berth to berth (even when apilot is on board)

drawn on the chart(s)

written in a bridge notebook

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Planning (contd)

On the chart [with summary in bridgenotebook] tracks and courses to steer, where to alter

course/speed highlight danger areas wrecks, shallows, etc identify electronic aids to navigation that can be

used Identify good position fixing objects, e.g.

lights, transits, clearing bearings, radar/visual objects

where the tide is critical, e.g height, or rate alternative contingency plans

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3. Execution

When departure time is known,consider:

ETA at critical points in the plan the weather forecast traffic conditions night or daylight passage

i.e. does anything need to bechanged?

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4. Monitoring

Monitor position along planned tracksby frequent fixing of position, incl.

echo sounder Record key positions & alterations in

the bridge logbook

Check reliability of all navigationequipment at regular intervals

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Note

The extent to which a vessel can keep to theplanned track will depend on the type & speed ofthe vessel:

A sailing vessel or slow power boat tends to benavigated towardsthe destination, as they aremuch affected by wind & tide and cannot keepexactly to the planned track

A higher powered vessel is less affected bywind & tide and is therefore able to benavigated tothe destination closer to theplanned track

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EXTRACTS FROM BRIDGE NOTEBOOK (38,000 tonne tanker, LOA 200m)

FROM: North Sea TO: Risavika, Norway DISTANCE:

ETD: ETA: DRAFT: 10.3m WEATHER: Wly gale F 8, gusting F 9

SPEED: Full (sea) 15.5 kn TIDE:

Full (man.) 11.6 kn

Half 7.8 kn

Slow 5.8 kn

D Slow 3.9 kn

WAYPOINT TRACK DISTANCE DTG SPEED UKC

(min.)

NOTES

(Nav. aids, lights, tides, dangers, conspic.

marks, traffic, pilot, tugs, regulations,

messages, charts, contingency plans, etc) 018

oT Half Chart 5119

Call pilot on VHF ch 11

Kolnesholmane lt ho brg

108oT 3.0c

357oT 2.5 5.9 Slow 14m Change to plan: Approaches to Risavika

Keep in W sector of Oksafotskjeret lt Fl

WRG 5sec

Embark pilot E side of Rott I

W/o Tananger lt ho

084oT 1.35M

096oT 1.1 3.4 D Slow 13m Keep in W sector of Tananger lt Gp Occ

(3) WRG

Danger - depth 1150.5c to stbd.

Tananger lt ho 096oT

2.6c

126oT 1.3 2.3 D Slow 20m Change to plan of Risavika

Leading lts 2 F.R 126o

30T

Make fast tugs

Oil terminal 2 F.R 077oT

1.6M

077oT 1.0 1.0 D Slow 1m Leading lts 2 F.R 077

oT

Stbd. side alongside oil jetty