Partners In Justice

Partners In JusticePartners In JusticeA Guide to the CriminalA Guide to the Criminal

Justice SystemJustice System

This project is supported by The Arc of North Carolina and the This project is supported by The Arc of North Carolina and the

NC Council on Developmental Disabilities and the funds it receives through P.L. 106-NC Council on Developmental Disabilities and the funds it receives through P.L. 106-402, the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 2000.402, the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 2000.

The Alleged Crime OccursThe Alleged Crime OccursThe Alleged Crime OccursThe Alleged Crime Occurs

Someone, usually an alleged victim or a Someone, usually an alleged victim or a witness, reports an alleged criminal act to witness, reports an alleged criminal act to law enforcement.law enforcement.

Occasionally an agency, such as the Occasionally an agency, such as the Department of Social Services, makes a Department of Social Services, makes a report to law enforcement after it report to law enforcement after it investigates an allegation.investigates an allegation.

Sometimes in cases of violence, medical Sometimes in cases of violence, medical personnel report to law enforcement.personnel report to law enforcement.

Someone, usually an alleged victim or a Someone, usually an alleged victim or a witness, reports an alleged criminal act to witness, reports an alleged criminal act to law enforcement.law enforcement.

Occasionally an agency, such as the Occasionally an agency, such as the Department of Social Services, makes a Department of Social Services, makes a report to law enforcement after it report to law enforcement after it investigates an allegation.investigates an allegation.

Sometimes in cases of violence, medical Sometimes in cases of violence, medical personnel report to law enforcement.personnel report to law enforcement.

The InvestigationThe InvestigationThe InvestigationThe Investigation

The alleged victim is interviewed The alleged victim is interviewed (except in homicide cases).(except in homicide cases).

Witnesses are located and interviewed.Witnesses are located and interviewed.

Physical evidence is collected (if any).Physical evidence is collected (if any).

The alleged victim is interviewed The alleged victim is interviewed (except in homicide cases).(except in homicide cases).

Witnesses are located and interviewed.Witnesses are located and interviewed.

Physical evidence is collected (if any).Physical evidence is collected (if any).

The ArrestThe ArrestThe ArrestThe Arrest The suspect is taken into custody (by force The suspect is taken into custody (by force

if necessary) after an arrest warrant or if necessary) after an arrest warrant or similar legal paper is issued.similar legal paper is issued.

The arrestee is taken before a magistrate (a The arrestee is taken before a magistrate (a low-level judicial official) who officially low-level judicial official) who officially charges the (now) defendant. charges the (now) defendant.

The magistrate sets bail for the defendant The magistrate sets bail for the defendant and sets the date for first appearance and sets the date for first appearance (must be within 96 hours, although the first (must be within 96 hours, although the first appearance usually occurs within 48 appearance usually occurs within 48 hours).hours).

The suspect is taken into custody (by force The suspect is taken into custody (by force if necessary) after an arrest warrant or if necessary) after an arrest warrant or similar legal paper is issued.similar legal paper is issued.

The arrestee is taken before a magistrate (a The arrestee is taken before a magistrate (a low-level judicial official) who officially low-level judicial official) who officially charges the (now) defendant. charges the (now) defendant.

The magistrate sets bail for the defendant The magistrate sets bail for the defendant and sets the date for first appearance and sets the date for first appearance (must be within 96 hours, although the first (must be within 96 hours, although the first appearance usually occurs within 48 appearance usually occurs within 48 hours).hours).

The First AppearanceThe First AppearanceThe First AppearanceThe First Appearance

At the defendant’s “first appearance” At the defendant’s “first appearance” (meaning the first time in front of a (meaning the first time in front of a judge as opposed to a magistrate or judge as opposed to a magistrate or clerk), a district court judge:clerk), a district court judge: Sets a new court date;Sets a new court date; Advises the defendant of his right to Advises the defendant of his right to

remain silent, his right to counsel, remain silent, his right to counsel, and tells the defendant what the and tells the defendant what the maximum sentence is for his/her maximum sentence is for his/her charge;charge;

At the defendant’s “first appearance” At the defendant’s “first appearance” (meaning the first time in front of a (meaning the first time in front of a judge as opposed to a magistrate or judge as opposed to a magistrate or clerk), a district court judge:clerk), a district court judge: Sets a new court date;Sets a new court date; Advises the defendant of his right to Advises the defendant of his right to

remain silent, his right to counsel, remain silent, his right to counsel, and tells the defendant what the and tells the defendant what the maximum sentence is for his/her maximum sentence is for his/her charge;charge;

The First AppearanceThe First AppearanceThe First AppearanceThe First Appearance

May appoint an attorney to represent May appoint an attorney to represent the defendant (if the defendant is found the defendant (if the defendant is found to be indigent); and,to be indigent); and,

May modify the conditions of release May modify the conditions of release set by the magistrate, e.g. bail or set by the magistrate, e.g. bail or release into someone’s custody.release into someone’s custody.

May appoint an attorney to represent May appoint an attorney to represent the defendant (if the defendant is found the defendant (if the defendant is found to be indigent); and,to be indigent); and,

May modify the conditions of release May modify the conditions of release set by the magistrate, e.g. bail or set by the magistrate, e.g. bail or release into someone’s custody.release into someone’s custody.

The Misdemeanor TrialThe Misdemeanor TrialThe Misdemeanor TrialThe Misdemeanor Trial

If the defendant is charged with a If the defendant is charged with a misdemeanor (less serious matters misdemeanor (less serious matters generally not resulting in active generally not resulting in active sentences), the case is heard in front of sentences), the case is heard in front of a District Court judge without a jury.a District Court judge without a jury.

If the defendant is charged with a If the defendant is charged with a misdemeanor (less serious matters misdemeanor (less serious matters generally not resulting in active generally not resulting in active sentences), the case is heard in front of sentences), the case is heard in front of a District Court judge without a jury.a District Court judge without a jury.

The defendant either pleads guilty or The defendant either pleads guilty or not guilty. not guilty.

If the defendant is found guilty in If the defendant is found guilty in District Court, he/she can ask for a jury District Court, he/she can ask for a jury trial in Superior Court.trial in Superior Court.

The defendant either pleads guilty or The defendant either pleads guilty or not guilty. not guilty.

If the defendant is found guilty in If the defendant is found guilty in District Court, he/she can ask for a jury District Court, he/she can ask for a jury trial in Superior Court.trial in Superior Court.

The Misdemeanor TrialThe Misdemeanor TrialThe Misdemeanor TrialThe Misdemeanor Trial

Felony CasesFelony CasesFelony CasesFelony Cases

In felony cases (ranging from forgery In felony cases (ranging from forgery to murder) the District Court judge to murder) the District Court judge will occasionally conduct a probable will occasionally conduct a probable cause hearing - a mini-trial with a low cause hearing - a mini-trial with a low burden of proof.burden of proof.

If the judge finds probable cause, the If the judge finds probable cause, the case goes to Superior Court for case goes to Superior Court for indictment which is the formal indictment which is the formal procedure used to charge someone procedure used to charge someone with a felony.with a felony.

In felony cases (ranging from forgery In felony cases (ranging from forgery to murder) the District Court judge to murder) the District Court judge will occasionally conduct a probable will occasionally conduct a probable cause hearing - a mini-trial with a low cause hearing - a mini-trial with a low burden of proof.burden of proof.

If the judge finds probable cause, the If the judge finds probable cause, the case goes to Superior Court for case goes to Superior Court for indictment which is the formal indictment which is the formal procedure used to charge someone procedure used to charge someone with a felony.with a felony.

The Grand JuryThe Grand JuryThe Grand JuryThe Grand Jury

Grand jury proceedings are held at Grand jury proceedings are held at regular intervals.regular intervals.

The grand jury decides whether to The grand jury decides whether to charge someone with a felony after charge someone with a felony after hearing from law enforcement as to hearing from law enforcement as to probable cause.probable cause.

Grand jurors do not serve as trial Grand jurors do not serve as trial jurors.jurors.

Grand jury proceedings are held at Grand jury proceedings are held at regular intervals.regular intervals.

The grand jury decides whether to The grand jury decides whether to charge someone with a felony after charge someone with a felony after hearing from law enforcement as to hearing from law enforcement as to probable cause.probable cause.

Grand jurors do not serve as trial Grand jurors do not serve as trial jurors.jurors.

ArraignmentArraignmentArraignmentArraignment

Arraignments are merely formal Arraignments are merely formal proceedings in which the defendant is proceedings in which the defendant is advised of the charges against him and advised of the charges against him and is asked how he pleads (guilty or not is asked how he pleads (guilty or not guilty).guilty).

This rarely occurs except in capital -This rarely occurs except in capital -potential death penalty - cases.potential death penalty - cases.

Arraignments are merely formal Arraignments are merely formal proceedings in which the defendant is proceedings in which the defendant is advised of the charges against him and advised of the charges against him and is asked how he pleads (guilty or not is asked how he pleads (guilty or not guilty).guilty).

This rarely occurs except in capital -This rarely occurs except in capital -potential death penalty - cases.potential death penalty - cases.

DiscoveryDiscoveryDiscoveryDiscovery

The District Attorney and the defense The District Attorney and the defense attorney develop information about the attorney develop information about the case and are required to share much of case and are required to share much of what has been learned with each other.what has been learned with each other.

There is an important exception. There is an important exception. Anything the defendant tells his Anything the defendant tells his attorney is completely confidential.attorney is completely confidential.

The District Attorney and the defense The District Attorney and the defense attorney develop information about the attorney develop information about the case and are required to share much of case and are required to share much of what has been learned with each other.what has been learned with each other.

There is an important exception. There is an important exception. Anything the defendant tells his Anything the defendant tells his attorney is completely confidential.attorney is completely confidential.

Pre-trial MotionsPre-trial MotionsPre-trial MotionsPre-trial Motions

Motions are made by either side about Motions are made by either side about legal, not factual, questions that could legal, not factual, questions that could arise during the trial. arise during the trial.

An example would be a motion to An example would be a motion to suppress the defendant’s alleged suppress the defendant’s alleged confession based on his mental state confession based on his mental state at the time. at the time.

Motions are made by either side about Motions are made by either side about legal, not factual, questions that could legal, not factual, questions that could arise during the trial. arise during the trial.

An example would be a motion to An example would be a motion to suppress the defendant’s alleged suppress the defendant’s alleged confession based on his mental state confession based on his mental state at the time. at the time.

Plea BargainsPlea BargainsPlea BargainsPlea Bargains

A plea bargain is an agreement A plea bargain is an agreement between the District Attorney and the between the District Attorney and the defendant in which the defendant defendant in which the defendant agrees to plead guilty for certain agrees to plead guilty for certain considerations, such as a lesser charge considerations, such as a lesser charge or a lesser sentence.or a lesser sentence.

Plea bargains are subject to approval Plea bargains are subject to approval by the judge.by the judge.

A plea bargain is an agreement A plea bargain is an agreement between the District Attorney and the between the District Attorney and the defendant in which the defendant defendant in which the defendant agrees to plead guilty for certain agrees to plead guilty for certain considerations, such as a lesser charge considerations, such as a lesser charge or a lesser sentence.or a lesser sentence.

Plea bargains are subject to approval Plea bargains are subject to approval by the judge.by the judge.

The Superior Court TrialThe Superior Court TrialThe Superior Court TrialThe Superior Court Trial

A Superior Court judge presides over a A Superior Court judge presides over a jury of 12 (plus an alternate) who hears jury of 12 (plus an alternate) who hears the evidence and decides whether the the evidence and decides whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty.defendant is guilty or not guilty.

The jury’s verdict must be unanimous The jury’s verdict must be unanimous in North Carolina.in North Carolina.

The defendant cannot be forced to The defendant cannot be forced to testify if he does not want to.testify if he does not want to.

A Superior Court judge presides over a A Superior Court judge presides over a jury of 12 (plus an alternate) who hears jury of 12 (plus an alternate) who hears the evidence and decides whether the the evidence and decides whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty.defendant is guilty or not guilty.

The jury’s verdict must be unanimous The jury’s verdict must be unanimous in North Carolina.in North Carolina.

The defendant cannot be forced to The defendant cannot be forced to testify if he does not want to.testify if he does not want to.

The VerdictThe VerdictThe VerdictThe Verdict

If the verdict is not guilty, the case is over If the verdict is not guilty, the case is over and can never be retried.and can never be retried.

If the verdict is guilty, the judge holds a If the verdict is guilty, the judge holds a sentencing hearing to determine sentencing hearing to determine punishment (prison sentence, probation, or punishment (prison sentence, probation, or combination of both, etc.).combination of both, etc.).

In capital cases, the jury decides the In capital cases, the jury decides the punishment - life in prison without parole or punishment - life in prison without parole or the death penalty.the death penalty.

If the verdict is not guilty, the case is over If the verdict is not guilty, the case is over and can never be retried.and can never be retried.

If the verdict is guilty, the judge holds a If the verdict is guilty, the judge holds a sentencing hearing to determine sentencing hearing to determine punishment (prison sentence, probation, or punishment (prison sentence, probation, or combination of both, etc.).combination of both, etc.).

In capital cases, the jury decides the In capital cases, the jury decides the punishment - life in prison without parole or punishment - life in prison without parole or the death penalty.the death penalty.

The Appeals ProcessThe Appeals ProcessThe Appeals ProcessThe Appeals Process

If the defendant is found guilty, he may If the defendant is found guilty, he may appeal the sentence in Appeals Court. appeal the sentence in Appeals Court.

Appeals must be related to matters of Appeals must be related to matters of law, not matters of fact. The appellate law, not matters of fact. The appellate court does not retry the facts found by court does not retry the facts found by the jury.the jury.

If the defendant is found guilty, he may If the defendant is found guilty, he may appeal the sentence in Appeals Court. appeal the sentence in Appeals Court.

Appeals must be related to matters of Appeals must be related to matters of law, not matters of fact. The appellate law, not matters of fact. The appellate court does not retry the facts found by court does not retry the facts found by the jury.the jury.

SentencingSentencingSentencingSentencing

Structured Sentencing ActStructured Sentencing Act

Passed in 1994Passed in 1994

Limits judicial discretion in type and Limits judicial discretion in type and length of sentenceslength of sentences

Structured Sentencing ActStructured Sentencing Act

Passed in 1994Passed in 1994

Limits judicial discretion in type and Limits judicial discretion in type and length of sentenceslength of sentences

Division of Community Division of Community CorrectionsCorrections

Division of Community Division of Community CorrectionsCorrections

118,000 probationers and parolees 118,000 probationers and parolees

supervised at any timesupervised at any time 43 district offices cover all 100 counties43 district offices cover all 100 counties Probation population:Probation population:

77% male 77% male 23% female23% female 47% African American 47% African American 45% Caucasian45% Caucasian 9% other9% other

118,000 probationers and parolees 118,000 probationers and parolees

supervised at any timesupervised at any time 43 district offices cover all 100 counties43 district offices cover all 100 counties Probation population:Probation population:

77% male 77% male 23% female23% female 47% African American 47% African American 45% Caucasian45% Caucasian 9% other9% other

Division of Community CorrectionsDivision of Community CorrectionsDivision of Community CorrectionsDivision of Community Corrections

Approximate Cost:Approximate Cost:

Regular probation - $2/dayRegular probation - $2/day

Intensive probation - $11/dayIntensive probation - $11/day

Electronic House Arrest - $6/dayElectronic House Arrest - $6/day

Approximate Cost:Approximate Cost:

Regular probation - $2/dayRegular probation - $2/day

Intensive probation - $11/dayIntensive probation - $11/day

Electronic House Arrest - $6/dayElectronic House Arrest - $6/day

Criminal Justice Partnership Criminal Justice Partnership Programs (CJPP)Programs (CJPP)

Criminal Justice Partnership Criminal Justice Partnership Programs (CJPP)Programs (CJPP)

Average cost - $12/dayAverage cost - $12/day

Programs include: Day Reporting Programs include: Day Reporting Centers, Resource Centers, and Centers, Resource Centers, and Substance Abuse Treatment CentersSubstance Abuse Treatment Centers

60,000 offenders provide 1.8 Million hrs. 60,000 offenders provide 1.8 Million hrs. community service each yearcommunity service each year

Average cost - $12/dayAverage cost - $12/day

Programs include: Day Reporting Programs include: Day Reporting Centers, Resource Centers, and Centers, Resource Centers, and Substance Abuse Treatment CentersSubstance Abuse Treatment Centers

60,000 offenders provide 1.8 Million hrs. 60,000 offenders provide 1.8 Million hrs. community service each yearcommunity service each year

DOP – Intake ProcessDOP – Intake ProcessDOP – Intake ProcessDOP – Intake Process

Testing and diagnostic needs Testing and diagnostic needs assessmentassessment

Level of care determinationLevel of care determination

Unit assignment based on level of care, Unit assignment based on level of care, native language, medical needs and native language, medical needs and handicaps.handicaps.

Testing and diagnostic needs Testing and diagnostic needs assessmentassessment

Level of care determinationLevel of care determination

Unit assignment based on level of care, Unit assignment based on level of care, native language, medical needs and native language, medical needs and handicaps.handicaps.

Levels of CareLevels of CareLevels of CareLevels of Care

Inpatient – Acute Care HospitalizationInpatient – Acute Care Hospitalization

Residential CareResidential Care

Outpatient Mental Health ServicesOutpatient Mental Health Services

Other Specialized ServicesOther Specialized Services

Inpatient – Acute Care HospitalizationInpatient – Acute Care Hospitalization

Residential CareResidential Care

Outpatient Mental Health ServicesOutpatient Mental Health Services

Other Specialized ServicesOther Specialized Services

DOC PolicyDOC PolicyDOC PolicyDOC Policy

Inmates receiving mental health or Inmates receiving mental health or developmental disabilities services or developmental disabilities services or identified as medically needy must identified as medically needy must have a comprehensive aftercare plan have a comprehensive aftercare plan in place 30 days before the in place 30 days before the anticipated release date.anticipated release date.

Inmates receiving mental health or Inmates receiving mental health or developmental disabilities services or developmental disabilities services or identified as medically needy must identified as medically needy must have a comprehensive aftercare plan have a comprehensive aftercare plan in place 30 days before the in place 30 days before the anticipated release date.anticipated release date.

The Pender ProgramThe Pender ProgramThe Pender ProgramThe Pender Program

Inmates identified with developmental Inmates identified with developmental disability will serve up to one year at the disability will serve up to one year at the Pender Unit in a special vocational Pender Unit in a special vocational program for inmates with DD.program for inmates with DD.

They will be taught several trades and They will be taught several trades and will have life skills training.will have life skills training.

The Program won a National award for The Program won a National award for the most innovative program among all the most innovative program among all prison programs, not just programs for prison programs, not just programs for people with DD. people with DD.

Inmates identified with developmental Inmates identified with developmental disability will serve up to one year at the disability will serve up to one year at the Pender Unit in a special vocational Pender Unit in a special vocational program for inmates with DD.program for inmates with DD.

They will be taught several trades and They will be taught several trades and will have life skills training.will have life skills training.

The Program won a National award for The Program won a National award for the most innovative program among all the most innovative program among all prison programs, not just programs for prison programs, not just programs for people with DD. people with DD.

Reentry and TransitionReentry and TransitionReentry and TransitionReentry and Transition

DOC Transition/Reentry Committee DOC Transition/Reentry Committee determines policies/practicesdetermines policies/practices

Corrections Enterprises administers Corrections Enterprises administers Apprenticeship programs in prisonsApprenticeship programs in prisons

DOC Transition/Reentry Committee DOC Transition/Reentry Committee determines policies/practicesdetermines policies/practices

Corrections Enterprises administers Corrections Enterprises administers Apprenticeship programs in prisonsApprenticeship programs in prisons

Transition ProgramsTransition ProgramsTransition ProgramsTransition Programs

Job Start II grant in prisons Job Start II grant in prisons

Going Home Initiative in communitiesGoing Home Initiative in communities

Transition Aftercare Network (TAN)Transition Aftercare Network (TAN)

Job Start II grant in prisons Job Start II grant in prisons

Going Home Initiative in communitiesGoing Home Initiative in communities

Transition Aftercare Network (TAN)Transition Aftercare Network (TAN)

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsAcknowledgements This presentation was developed especially for North Carolina by This presentation was developed especially for North Carolina by

Partners in Justice, a statewide collaborative effort designed to assist Partners in Justice, a statewide collaborative effort designed to assist individuals with cognitive disabilities who are at risk of becoming individuals with cognitive disabilities who are at risk of becoming involved in the criminal justice system. The North Carolina Council on involved in the criminal justice system. The North Carolina Council on Developmental Disabilities provided grant funding to The Arc of North Developmental Disabilities provided grant funding to The Arc of North Carolina to support the project. Many different, excellent training Carolina to support the project. Many different, excellent training materials were researched and adapted with special consideration for materials were researched and adapted with special consideration for the specific needs of the citizens of North Carolina. the specific needs of the citizens of North Carolina.

Special thanks goes to the members of the PIJ Advisory Committee; Special thanks goes to the members of the PIJ Advisory Committee; George R. “Pete” Clary III, Public Defender, Judicial District 21; Ms. Jeri George R. “Pete” Clary III, Public Defender, Judicial District 21; Ms. Jeri Houchins, Project Coordinator, Justice Now! Houchins, Project Coordinator, Justice Now! Of the People, By the Of the People, By the People, and For the PeoplePeople, and For the People; and, Ms. Diane Nelson Bryen and Ms. ; and, Ms. Diane Nelson Bryen and Ms. Beverly Frantz, National Academy for Equal Justice, for People with Beverly Frantz, National Academy for Equal Justice, for People with Developmental Disabilities, Institute on Disabilities at Temple University. Developmental Disabilities, Institute on Disabilities at Temple University.

Partners in Justice dedicates this presentation to the memory Partners in Justice dedicates this presentation to the memory of Deborah Greenblatt, Esq., a tireless advocate for people of Deborah Greenblatt, Esq., a tireless advocate for people with disabilities and charter member of the Partners in with disabilities and charter member of the Partners in Justice Advisory Committee.Justice Advisory Committee.

This presentation was developed especially for North Carolina by This presentation was developed especially for North Carolina by Partners in Justice, a statewide collaborative effort designed to assist Partners in Justice, a statewide collaborative effort designed to assist individuals with cognitive disabilities who are at risk of becoming individuals with cognitive disabilities who are at risk of becoming involved in the criminal justice system. The North Carolina Council on involved in the criminal justice system. The North Carolina Council on Developmental Disabilities provided grant funding to The Arc of North Developmental Disabilities provided grant funding to The Arc of North Carolina to support the project. Many different, excellent training Carolina to support the project. Many different, excellent training materials were researched and adapted with special consideration for materials were researched and adapted with special consideration for the specific needs of the citizens of North Carolina. the specific needs of the citizens of North Carolina.

Special thanks goes to the members of the PIJ Advisory Committee; Special thanks goes to the members of the PIJ Advisory Committee; George R. “Pete” Clary III, Public Defender, Judicial District 21; Ms. Jeri George R. “Pete” Clary III, Public Defender, Judicial District 21; Ms. Jeri Houchins, Project Coordinator, Justice Now! Houchins, Project Coordinator, Justice Now! Of the People, By the Of the People, By the People, and For the PeoplePeople, and For the People; and, Ms. Diane Nelson Bryen and Ms. ; and, Ms. Diane Nelson Bryen and Ms. Beverly Frantz, National Academy for Equal Justice, for People with Beverly Frantz, National Academy for Equal Justice, for People with Developmental Disabilities, Institute on Disabilities at Temple University. Developmental Disabilities, Institute on Disabilities at Temple University.

Partners in Justice dedicates this presentation to the memory Partners in Justice dedicates this presentation to the memory of Deborah Greenblatt, Esq., a tireless advocate for people of Deborah Greenblatt, Esq., a tireless advocate for people with disabilities and charter member of the Partners in with disabilities and charter member of the Partners in Justice Advisory Committee.Justice Advisory Committee.

Partners in JusticePartners in JusticeA Project of The Arc of North CarolinaA Project of The Arc of North Carolina4200 Six Forks Road, Suite 1004200 Six Forks Road, Suite 100Raleigh, NC 27609Raleigh, NC 27609919-782-4632919-782-4632

Project Staff: Project Staff: Marian HartmanMarian Hartman Ann ElmoreAnn Elmore

Partners in JusticePartners in JusticeA Project of The Arc of North CarolinaA Project of The Arc of North Carolina4200 Six Forks Road, Suite 1004200 Six Forks Road, Suite 100Raleigh, NC 27609Raleigh, NC 27609919-782-4632919-782-4632

Project Staff: Project Staff: Marian HartmanMarian Hartman Ann ElmoreAnn Elmore

This project is supported by The Arc of North Carolina and the This project is supported by The Arc of North Carolina and the

NC Council on Developmental Disabilities and the funds it receives through P.L. 106-402, NC Council on Developmental Disabilities and the funds it receives through P.L. 106-402, the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 2000.the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 2000.

Partners In JusticePartners In JusticePartners In JusticePartners In Justice