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Dickdoyo Langgeng Waskito
PEST AND DISEASE OF CHILI AND TOMATO
No Name CropsSymptoms
SolutionDescription Example
Pests
1 Mites
Injects a toxin as it
eeds t!at inc"eases
t!e da#age ca$sed%
T!e initia& indication
o inestation is
si&'e"ing o t!e
&o(e" &ea'es) (!ic!
*eco#e *"on+e
co&o$"ed *eo"e
d"o,,ing o%
Da#age #o'es $,
t!e ,&ant% To#ato
ste#s &ose t!ei"
s$"ace !ai"s and
*eco#e s!iny)
s#oot! and *"o(n%
F"$it #ay *e #o"e
s$sce,ti*&e to
s$nsca&d d$e to &oss
o o&iage
-se (ind*"eaks
and #ini#ise d$st.
c"eating acti'ities
/inestations a"e
a'o$"ed *y d$sty
conditions 0e%g%adjacent to di"t
"oads o" t"acks in
ie&ds%
2ed$ce !$#idity
*y $sing ade3$ate
,&ant s,acing)
o"ientating
,&antings to t!e
,"e'ai&ing (indand #aintain
a,,"o,"iate
(ate"ing ,"actices)
,"ee"s (a"#
0456C and !$#id
0789:8; "e&ati'e
!$#idity
conditions%
-se aca"icide (it!dose and ty,e
co""ect&y
Aculops
lycopersici To#ato
Polyphagotars
onemus latusC!i&i
4 T!"i,s Feeding da#age
a,,ea"s as si&'e"ing
and &ecking on t!e
&ea'es o seed&ings%
Manage (eeds in
and a"o$nd c"o, to
"ed$ce a&te"nati'e
t!"i,s *"eeding
Frankliniella
occidentalis
To#ato
Scirtothrips C!i&i
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dorsalisHea'i&y inested
,&ants a"e
c!a"acte"ised *y a
si&'e"ed o" *"on+ed
a,,ea"ance o t!e
&ea'es) st$nted
&ea'es and te"#ina&
s!oots) and sca""ed
and deo"#ed "$it%
a"eas%
-se t!"i,s
exc&$sion
sc"eening in
seed&ing n$"se"ies
o" o" ,"otecti'e
c"o,,ing
st"$ct$"es%
Monito" t!"i,s
n$#*e"s (it!
ye&&o( o" *&$e
sticky t"a,s) o" *y
ta,,ing &o(e"s
o'e" (!ite ,a,e"
o" a t"ay%< A,!id To#ato and
C!i&i
La"ge ,o,$&ations in
a seed&ing c"o, can
ca$se &ea'es to c$"&
and &ea'es o"
g"o(ing ti,s to die
,"e#at$"e&y% In o&de"
c"o,s) yie&d #ay *e
"ed$ced% A,!ids
&ea'e a sticky
s$*stance ca&&ed
!oneyde( on t!e
&ea'es and g"o(ing
ti,s t!at can ,"o#ote
Note t!at
*eneicia& insects
can $s$a&&y kee,
,o,$&ations $nde"
cont"o& $n&ess t!ey
a"e s,"ayed o$t
(it! *"oad.
s,ect"$#
insecticides%
Note t!at in #oist
conditions) insect.
attacking $ngi can
Aphids gossypii
Myzus
persicae
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t!e g"o(t! o sooty
#o$&d and "ed$ce
,&ant 'igo$"% A,!ids
can a&so t"ans#it
da#aging ,&ant
'i"$ses (!en t!ey
eed%
3$ick&y "ed$ce
a,!id ,o,$&ations%
-se insecticides i
a,!ids a"e ca$sing
signiicant da#age
o" i t!e"e is a !ig!
incidence o a,!id.
'ecto"ed 'i"$s
,"esent% W!e"e= Lea!o,,e"
To#ato and
C!i&i
A&& stages s$ck sa,%
Da#age a,,ea"s
si#i&a" to t!at ca$sed
*y t!"i,s and #ites%
Feed on $nde"side o
&ea) ca$sing &ea
disto"tion andst$nting o ne(
g"o(t!% >&acks,ots
o exc"e#ent a"e
oten &et *e!ind%
Hea'i&y inested
,&ants can *eco#e
st$nted and g"ey%
F"$it #ay *e
attacked) "es$&ting in
aint (!itis! s,ots%
Not co##on&y a
,"o*&e#% -se
insecticides i ,est
n$#*e"s *eco#e
!ig! o"
,!yto,&as#a
disease is ,"esent)
*$t t!is #ay ca$se
,o,$&ation &a"es
in #ites) t!"i,s o"
(!ite&ies
Orosius
orientalis
5 W!ite&ies To#ato and
C!i&i
S$ck sa, "o# t!e
,&ants% Hea'y
inestations can
"es$&t in ,oo"
g"o(t!) &ea
ye&&o(ing and &oss
o ,&ant 'igo$"%
Honeyde( is
,"od$ced t!atenco$"ages sooty
I (!ite&y a"e a
#ajo" ,est) t!e
a"ea #$st not
contain (!ite&y
!ost c"o,s o"
(eeds o" at &east 4
#ont!s eac! yea")
ot!e"(ise
,o,$&ations *eco#e too !ig! to
Bemisia tabaci
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#o$&d g"o(t!)
(!ic! $"t!e"
"ed$ces ,&ant 'igo$"%
#anage
eecti'e&y%
-se (!ite&y
exc&$sion
sc"eening in
seed&ing n$"se"ies
o" o" ,"otecti'e
c"o,,ing
st"$ct$"es%
Monito" (!ite&y
n$#*e"s (it!
ye&&o( o" *&$e
sticky t"a,s) o"
'is$a&&y on
$nde"sides o
&ea'es%
Cont"o& (!ite&ies? Mea&y*$gs Inested ,&ants
*eco#e st$nted% On
to#atoes) #ea&y*$gs
ca$se deo"#ation
and disto"tion o t!e
te"#ina& g"o(t!)
t(isting and c$"&ing
o ste#s and &ea'es)
Dest"oy inested
,&ants *y *$"ning
o" *$"ying to
,"e'ent
inestations
s,"eading%
S,"ay (ate" (it! a
Paracoccus
marginatusC!i&i
Phenacoccuss
olenopsis
To#ato
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and &ea ("ink&ing
and ,$cke"ing% In
se'e"e o$t*"eaks)
inested sites ye&&o(
and die 0inc&$ding
t!e &oss o &o(e"
*$ds) &o(e"s and
i##at$"e "$it%
>&ack sooty #o$&d
g"o(s on t!e &a"ge
a#o$nts o
!ig!.,"ess$"e !ose
to !e&, ki&& t!e
c"a(&e"s and
dis&odge t!e
ad$&ts%
-se o syste#ic
insecticides is
eecti'e *$t not
$s$a&&y needed%
@ F"$it &y
To#ato and
C!i&i
Egg.&aying sites in
#at$"ing and "i,e
"$it and s$*se3$ent
&a"'a& eeding on
"$it tiss$e
enco$"ages "$it.
"otting o"ganis#s
Monito" "$it &y
,o,$&ations (it!
,!e"o#one 0#a&e
and ,"otein *ait
0e#a&e t"a,s%
-se *aited
insecticide s,"ays
on t"$nks o"
s$""o$nding
'egetation to
"ed$ce !ig!
,o,$&ations
2e#o'e
$n!a"'ested
#at$"e "$it and
dest"oy c"o,s as
soon ate" !a"'est
as ,ossi*&e%
Manage "$it &y in
ot!e" nea"*y !osts%
Bactrocera
dorsalis
7 A"#y(o"# To#ato and
C!i&i
o$ng &a"'ae eed in
g"o$,s) ske&etonising
t!e &ea'es% O&de"
Monito" #ot!
acti'ity $sing &ig!t
and ,!e"o#oneSpodoptera
exigua
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&a"'ae a"e so&ita"y
and eat &o(e"s)
&ea'es and g"o(ing
,oints o ,&ants%
t"a,s%
Bis$a&&y #onito"
&ea'es o" egg
#asses) &a"'ae)
*eneicia& acti'ity
and eeding
da#age%
-se o&ia" andsyste#ic
insecticides i
necessa"y to
cont"o& se'e"e
inestations) and
ti#e a,,&ications
Spodopteralitura
: C$t(o"# To#ato and
C!i&i
O&de" cate",i&&a"s c$t
seed&ings o at
g"o$nd &e'e&)
ca$sing t!e ,&ant to
a&& o'e" and die%
A'oid inestations
(it! &ong a&&o(s
*eo"e ,&anting%
Bis$a&&y #onito"
ne( seed&ings o"
egg #asses and
eeding da#age%
I seed&ings a"e
attacked) dig in
nea"*y soi& to ind
&a"'ae%
I insecticides a"e
Agrotis ipsilon
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"e3$i"ed) s,"ay at
nig!t (!en t!e
&a"'ae a"e #o"e
acti'e% W!e"e
,ossi*&e) c!oose
se&ecti'e
c!e#ist"ies s$c! as Bacillus
thuringiensis 0>t18 F"$it (o"# To#ato and
C!i&i
He&iot!is &a"'ae can
c!e( on o&iage o"
"$it% T!ey can
deo&iate and ki&&
,&ants at t!e seed&ing
stage% T!e &a"'ae can
c!e( !o&es in "$it)
ca$sing *&e#is!es
and c"eating ent"y
!o&es o" disease and
"ots
Monito" #ot!
acti'ity $sing &ig!t
and ,!e"o#one
t"a,s%
Bis$a&&y #onito"
&ea'es o" eggs)
&a"'ae) *eneicia&
acti'ity and
eeding da#age%
-se o&ia" and
syste#ic
insecticides i
necessa"y to
cont"o& se'e"e
inestations) and
ti#e a,,&ications
o" egg !atc! and
i"st.insta" &a"'ae%
W!e"e ,ossi*&e)
c!oose se&ecti'e
c!e#ist"ies s$c! as
Bacillus
thuringiensis 0>t
o" t!e
Helicoverpaspecii
c nuclear
polyhedrosis virus
Helicoverpa
armigera
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0NPB to #ini#ise
!a"# to
&e,ido,te"an and
ot!e" ,est
,"edato"s%
In s#a&& ,&antings) ,!ysica&&y "e#o'e
eggs and &a"'ae%11 Lea#ine"
To#ato and
C!i&i
Hea'y inestations
ca$se &ea'es to d"y
o$t and d"o,%
"o( seed&ings in
a (e&&.netted
n$"se"y to a'oid
ea"&y inestation%
2e#o'e
a&te"nati'e !ost
(eeds in and
a"o$nd c"o,%
2e#o'e o" dest"oy
c"o,s i##ediate&y
ate" !a"'est to
"ed$ce ,o,$&ation
inc"ease%
!iriomyza
huidobrensis
!iriomyza
sativae
Disease
14 >acte"ia&
canke"
To#ato Inected seed&ings
#ay *e ki&&ed)
st$nted o"
#a&o"#ed) o" #ay
s!o( no signs $nti&
t!ey a"et"ans,&anted% In
Cont"o&&ing
te#,e"at$"e and
!$#idity%
-sing *acte"icide%
Ste"i&i+ation on
"lavibacter
michiganensis
s$*s,%
michiganensis
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&a"ge" ,&ants) initia&
signs a"e sco"c!ed o"
i"ing #a"kings on
&ea&ets and (i&ting
o &o(e" &ea'es% Asinection ad'ances
t!"o$g! t!e 'asc$&a"
syste#) (i&ting
,"og"esses $nti& t!e
(!o&e ,&ant
co&&a,ses% Oten on&y
t!e &ea&ets on one
side o t!e &ea a"e
aected% T!ey t$"n
ye&&o() t!en *"o(n)and die% Pa"ts o t!e
,it! #ay co&&a,se
and *eco#e !o&&o(%
Inte"na& *"o(ning o
'asc$&a" tiss$e and
,it! ca'ities can *e
seed and soi&
*eo"e ,&anting
1< >acte"ia& sot
"ot
To#ato and
C!i&i
Initia& signs in
ca,sic$# &ea'es
s!o( da"kened 'eins
o&&o(ed *y &ea
c!&o"osis and
Cont"o&&ing
te#,e"at$"e and
!$#idity%
-sing *acte"icide%
Pectobacteriu
m
carotovorum
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s$*s,%
carotovorum
nec"osis% T!e ,it!
and 'asc$&a" syste#
(it!in nea"*y ste#s
#ay s!o( da"k.
*"o(n disco&o"ation%
As t!e disease
,"og"esses) d"y)
da"k.*"o(n o" *&ack
ste# canke"s
de'e&o,) oten
"es$&ting in t!e
*"eakage o
*"anc!es% >acte"ia&
oo+e #ay *e e'ident
"o# diseased
tiss$es) *$t t!is is
not a&(ays t!e case%
T!e aected ,&ants
(i&t and die% T!e
&es!y "$it ,ed$nc&e
is !ig!&y s$sce,ti*&e
and #ost oten is t!e
,oint o inection%
>ot! "i,e and g"een
"$it #ay *e
aected% Initia&&y) t!e
&esionson t!e "$it
a"e &ig!t.to.da"k
co&o$"ed (it! a
(ate".soaked
a,,ea"ance) and
so#e(!at s$nken%
T!e aected a"eas
ex,and 'e"y "a,id&y)
,a"tic$&a"&y $nde"
(a"# 0459
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&ike sot) (ate".i&&ed
*ags and can gi'e1= >acte"ia& s,eck
To#ato and
C!i&i
Tiny) da"k s,ots
de'e&o, on aected
&ea'es) extend
t!"o$g! t!e tiss$e
and) i n$#e"o$s)
ca$se ye&&o(ing o
t!e s$""o$nding &ea
a"eas% Ste# signs
occ$" as *"o(n o"
*&ack &esions%
Aected "$it !a'e
#any s#a&&) *&ack)
s&ig!t&y "aised s,ots
&ess t!an 4 ## in
dia#ete"% T!e s,ots
do not extend dee,&y
into t!e "$it%
Cont"o&&ing
te#,e"at$"e and
!$#idity%
-sing *acte"icide%
Ste"i&i+ation on
seed and soi&
*eo"e ,&anting%
Pseudomonas
syringae ,'%
tomato
15 >acte"ia& (i&t
To#ato and
C!i&i
Aected ,&ants (i&t
"a,id&y and die
(it!o$t any s,otting
o" ye&&o(ing o t!e
&ea'es% I t!e ste# o a (i&ted ,&ant is c$t
ac"oss nea" g"o$nd
&e'e&) t!e 'asc$&a"
tiss$e is da"k and
(ate".soaked) and a
g"eyis!.ye&&o()
s&i#y *acte"ia& #ass
can so#eti#es *e
,"essed o$t o it% T!e
"a,id onset o(i&ting disting$is!es
t!is disease "o#
*acte"ia& canke" and
$nga& (i&ts
Cont"o&&ing
te#,e"at$"e and
!$#idity%
-sing *acte"icide%
Ste"i&i+ation on
seed and soi&
*eo"e ,&anting%
#alstonia
solanacearum
1? >acte"ia& s,ot To#ato and
C!i&i
On &ea'es) s#a&&)
i""eg$&a" a"eas (it! a
g"assy a,,ea"ance
de'e&o, i"st% T!ese
a"eas d"y o$t ando"# s&ig!t&y "aised
Cont"o&&ing
te#,e"at$"e and
!$#idity%
-sing *acte"icide%
$anthomonas
euvesicatoria
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d"y s,ots t!at a"e
g"eyis! *"o(n)
,a"tic$&a"&y at t!e
cent"e% T!e *acte"ia
oten oo+e "o#
t!ese s,ots and)
(!en d"y) o"# a
g&istening) c"ea#.
co&o$"ed i on and
a"o$nd t!e &esions%
W!e"e inection is
se'e"e) t!e d"ied.o$t
,a"ts #ay co#*ine
and ki&& &a"ge a"eas
o &ea% Ma"gina& and
ti, *$"ns on &ea'es
!a'e oten *een
noted%
On &o(e"s) (ate".
Ste"i&i+ation on
seed and soi&
*eo"e ,&anting%
1@ Late *&ig!t To#ato To#atoes #ay *e
aected at any stage
o g"o(t!% Se"io$s
&osses "o# &ate
*&ig!t $ng$s a"e
so#eti#es ca$sed in
t!e seed*ed t!"o$g!
da#,ing o% Da"k
Ens$"e t!at
so&anaceo$s (eeds
a"e (e&& cont"o&&ed
in and a"o$nd
c"o,s%
Cont"o&&ing
!$#idity%
Phytophthora
inestans
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a"eas de'e&o, on t!e
ste#s at o" nea"
g"o$nd &e'e&% T!e
tiss$es in t!ese a"eas
s!"i'e& and t!e
(!o&e ,&ant &odges
and (it!e"s% Late
*&ig!t a&so ca$ses t!e
de'e&o,#ent o da"k
diseased a"eas on t!e
ste#s o o&de"
,&ants% Da"k) (ate".
soaked a"eas de'e&o,
#ain&y on t!e
#a"gins o &ea'es)
and en&a"ge "a,id&y
$nti& t!e (!o&e &ea
is aected% T!e
&ea'es #ay *&acken
and s!"i'e&) o") i t!e
(eat!e" stays !$#id)
#ay "ot a(ay% In t!e
ea"&y stages) t!e
de&icate do(ny
o$tg"o(t! o t!e
$ng$s can *e seen
next to t!e !ea&t!y
tiss$e) ,a"tic$&a"&y
on t!e $nde"side o
t!e &ea% >&ackened)
e&ongated a"eas #ay
t!en de'e&o, on t!e
&ea sta&ks%
De'e&o,ing to#ato
"$it #ay *e
aected% Da"k.g"een)
(ate".soaked a"eas
a,,ea" on t!e s$"ace
o t!e "$it and
s#a&&) do(ny
o$tg"o(t!s o t!e
$ng$s #ay de'e&o,
on aected tiss$e%
So#eti#es t!e
da#age is not
a,,a"ent $nti& t!e
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"$it "eac!es #a"ket%17 Da#,ing o
To#ato and
C!i&i
T!e disease occ$"s
in t!e ie&d o"
seed*eds) (!e"e
seed&ings #ay not
e#e"ge at a&& o") i
t!ey do) #ay to,,&e
o'e" and "ot a(ay%
T!e disease can
s,"ead "a,id&y%
Ste"i&ise seed*ed
soi&%
Ti#e ,&anting to
a&&o( ,&ants to
e#e"ge "a,id&y%
Mini#i+e seed&ing
st"ess "o# excess
(ate" o" ,oo"
d"ainage%
-se c&ean (ate" onseed&ings in
seed&ing t"ays%
-se $ngicide seed
d"essings%
Pythium s,%
#hizoctonia
solani
1: F"$it "ots To#ato and
C!i&i
Signs o "$it "ots a"e
'a"io$s *$t gene"a&&y
t!e "$it *eco#es
sot) (it! o" (it!o$t
t!e a,,ea"ance o
$nga& g"o(t!% F"$it
#ay not s!o( signs
$nti& ate" !a"'est%
F"$it aected *y
ant!"acnose
0"olletotrichum
s,,% i"st s!o(
s#a&&) s&ig!t&y
s$nken)
(ate"soaked)
ci"c$&a" s,ots t!at
*eco#e da"ke" t!an
t!e s$""o$nding
tiss$e% T!ese s,ots
*eco#e de,"essed)
a"e a*o$t 14 ##
(ide and de'e&o,
concent"ic #a"kings%
W!e"e $ngi ca$se
diseases on ot!e"
,&ant ,a"ts) s$c! as
&ea'es and ste#s)
cont"o&&ing t!e
disease on t!ese
,&ant ,a"ts (i&&
"ed$ce t!e &e'e&s
o "$it inection%
F"$it inections
(i&& *e "ed$ced
(!en
G seed is t"eated
(it! !ot (ate"
*eo"e ,&anting
to "e#o'e
,otentia& o"
"olletotrichum
s,,% and
Alternaria
solani seed.
*o"ne
inections
G "$it does not
"olletotrichum
capsici #hizoctonia s,
Alternaria
solani
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T!e cent"es *eco#e
tan and s!o( da"k
s,ecks) (!ic! a"e
t!e "$iting *odies o
t!e $ng$s%
#hizoctonia can
inect "$it t!at is
co#e in contact
(it! soi&
G "$it is ke,t
coo& and d"y
ate" ,icking to
"ed$ce $nga&
g"o(t!%48 #hizoctonia
ste#) "oot and
"$it "ot
To#ato and
C!i&i
Da"k.*"o(n)
so#eti#es s$nken
&esions occ$" on t!e
ste# nea" soi& &e'e&%
W!en yo$ng
seed&ings a"e
aected) it is
"ee""ed to as
da#,ing o%
2otted "oots a,,ea"
*"o(n and t!e co"tex
0o$te" tiss$e can *e
easi&y st"i,,ed o%
Aected ,&ants a"e
oten s#a&&e" t!an
!ea&t!y ones and ai&
to s$"'i'e &ong
eno$g! to #at$"e t!e
$,,e" !ands o "$it%
F"$it can *e aected
i it is to$c!ing t!e
soi&% "een "$it
dis,&ay s#a&&)
ci"c$&a" *"o(n s,ots
(it! deinite
concent"ic"ings%
2i,e" "$it a"e e'en
#o"e s$sce,ti*&e%
A'oid "$it
to$c!ing soi&%
Ste"i&i+ation on
seed and soi&
*eo"e ,&anting%
-se siste#ic
$ngicide on ,&ant
and soi&
#hizoctonia
solani
41 "ercospora
&ea s,ot
To#ato and
C!i&i
Lea'es) ,etio&es and
ste#s #ay *e
aected% Signs
a,,ea" as s#a&& and
"o$nd &esions (it! a
T!is disease is
oten #ino" and
does not $s$a&&y
need cont"o&%
"ercospora
capsici
8/19/2019 Paper Pest and Disease_Dickdoyo Langgeng
16/18
(ate"y a,,ea"ance%
As t!e s,ots get
*igge") t!ey a"e &ig!t
*"o(n in t!e cent"e
(it! a da"ke" *"o(n
a,,ea"ance on t!e
edge% T!e s,ots #ay
de'e&o, (it!
concent"ic "ings and
-se $ngicide%
A'oid contact
"o# attacked
,&ant to !ea&t!y
,&ant%
44 Po(de"y
#i&de(
To#ato and
C!i&i
Si#i&a" ,o(de"y
g"o(t! o" a&&
,o(de"y #i&de(s)
(it! s&ig!t
die"ences *et(een
t!e die"ent
,at!ogens% In t!e
case o t!e Oidium
s,ecies) ,a&e.ye&&o(
s,ots occ$" on
&ea'es) (it! a (!ite
,o(de"y $nga&
g"o(t! a,,ea"ing on
t!e s,ots on *ot!
&ea s$"aces% S,o"es
a"e ,"od$ced on&y on
t!e $nde"side o
&ea'es% S,ots
inc"ease in si+e and
n$#*e") and t!e &ea
e'ent$a&&y dies%
Deo&iation can
ca$se s$n*$"n o t!e
"$it% Po(de"y
#i&de(s oten
a,,ea" &ate in t!e
c"o, cyc&e%
T!is disease is
oten #ino" and
does not $s$a&&y
need cont"o&%
-se $ngicide%
A'oid contact
"o# attacked
,&ant to !ea&t!y
,&ant%
Oidium
lycopersici
Oidium
neolycopersici
4< Fusarium (i&t T!e soi&.*o"ne
$ng$s inects
t!"o$g! t!e "oots and
Ens$"e a&&
e3$i,#ent is "ee
o soi& *eo"e Fusariumoxysporum % To#ato
8/19/2019 Paper Pest and Disease_Dickdoyo Langgeng
17/18
s,% lycopersiciin'ades t!e ste#s
'asc$&a" 0(ate".
cond$cting tiss$e)
ca$sing (i&ting)
ye&&o(ing and
*"o(ning o t!e
&ea'es% Signs a"e
i"st noticed on
&ea'es to(a"ds t!e
*ase o t!e ,&ant *$t
g"ad$a&&y s,"ead $,
t!e ,&ant% T!e (!o&e
*eing *"o$g!t onto
t!e a"#%
-se $ngicide
Ste"i&i+ation on
seed and soi&
*eo"e ,&anting%
4= C!i&i &ea c$"&
o" ,e,,e" &ea
c$"&) egg,&ant
ye&&o( #osaic
and ,e,,e"
ye&&o( &ea
c$"&to#ato
&ea c$"&
To#ato and
C!i&i
A&& *ego#o'i"$ses
a$se signs t!at
inc&$de *"ig!t.
ye&&o(.to.c!&o"otic
#osaic on &ea'es)
$s$a&&y (it! so#e
&ea disto"tion o" &ea
c$"&ing% P&ants t!at
a"e inected (it!
eit!e" TLCB o"
ToLCB at an ea"&y
g"o(t! stage *eco#e
se'e"e&y st$nted%
Lea&ets a"e "ed$ced
in si+e and
#iss!a,en%
E#e"ging &ea'es a"e
c$,,ed do(n(a"ds%
Lea'es de'e&o,ing
&ate" a"e $,"ig!t (it!
ye&&o(ing *et(een
'eins t!ei" &ea
#a"gins "o&& $,(a"d%
P&ants inected (!en
-se "e&ecti'e
#$&c!es to dete"
(!ite&ies (!en
,&ants a"e yo$ng%
-se incecticide to
'ecto".insect
%omato yello&
lea curl virus
0TLCB
%omato lea
curl virus
0ToLCB
8/19/2019 Paper Pest and Disease_Dickdoyo Langgeng
18/18
t!ey a"e yo$ng &ose
'igo$") &o(e"s a*o"t
and t!ey sto,
,"od$cing
#a"keta*&e "$it%
W!en inections
occ$" in o&de" ,&ants)45 Fe"n &ea
To#ato andC!i&i
Signs i"st de'e&o,
a*o$t 18 days ate"
inection% In
to#atoes) t!e &ea
*&ade tiss$e is
"ed$ced o" a*sent)
*$t t!e #id"i* g"o(s
to its no"#a& &engt!%
Aected &ea'es t(ist
and c$"&) and a&&
&ea'es o an aected
,&ant can s!o( a
ye&&o(.and.g"een
#osaic ,atte"n%
Aected ,&ants do
not set "$it% On
ca,sic$#) signs
inc&$de #osaic o"
#ott&ing ,atte"ns on
&ea'es% F"$it #ay *e
deo"#ed (it! "ing
s,ots o" ye&&o(
*&otc!es% Conside"ed
to *e on&y a #i&d
disease *$t can *e
i#,o"tant on
ca,sic$#%
Ste"i&i+ation on
seed and
e3$i,#ent#ec!an
ica& *eo"e
,&anting%
-se incecticide to
'ecto".insect%
-se !e"*icide to
(eeds a"o$nd *y
t!at !a'e ,otentia&
to *e inected%
"ucumber mosaic virus
0CMB