Paper 1 - JPBD Presentation Dr.DahliaRosly 17Nov2011

11/23/2011

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LAND USE PLANNING & CLIMATE CHANGE –

GOALS AND ASPIRATION

NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

17 November 2011

GOALS AND ASPIRATION

by

DR. DAHLIA ROSLYDirector

Research & Development Division Federal Department

Town & Country Planning Peninsular MalaysiaMINISTRY OF HOUSING AND LOCAL GOVERMENT

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

INTRODUCTION

LAND USE PLANNING UNDER HFA

LAND USE PLANNING SYSTEM IN MALAYSIAMALAYSIA

INCORPORATION OF DRR & CCA PRINCIPLES IN LAND USE PLANNING SYSTEM

Human Activities

Climate Features

Deforestation

Melting of Ice

Cloud

Global

UpheavelOf OceanCirculation

Precipitation

Interference Carbon Cycle

LanduseChange

Urbanisation

CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE vsvs LAND USE PLANNING LAND USE PLANNING vsvsDISASTER MANAGEMENTDISASTER MANAGEMENT

(GHG)

Industrial

Drought

Famine

Flood

Major Threats

CH4N2O Sea

Level Rise

Adaptation from UNEP/GRID-Arendal, Climate Change: Processes and Threats, 2005.

DISASTER

Warming

Burning ofFossil Fuel

Transport

AgricultureHeat

Destructionof Biodiversity

Change in LifeStyle

Threat to Economy

Typhoon

Outbreakof Desease 

Loss of Lives

CO2

CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE vsvs LAND USE PLANNING LAND USE PLANNING vsvsDISASTER MANAGEMENTDISASTER MANAGEMENT

managing flood risk while promotingregeneration.

increased flooding and landslip haveimplications for what particular land can beused for in the future.

areas which are vulnerable to floods, maybecome unsuitable for residential but maysuitable for other uses.

coastal floods and erosion - impact on thelocations for future business, industrialdevelopments, increase demand for flooddefences location of new key infrastructure.

the impacts on land and soils -implications for biodiversity, cultural heritagesites.

Rio-SD Agenda

Kyoto Protocol

Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)

40% reduction

MALAYSIA COMMITMENTS AT GLOBAL LEVELMALAYSIA COMMITMENTS AT GLOBAL LEVEL

“4. (iii) Land use Planning and other technical measure”

(n) Incorporate disaster risk assessments into urban planning andmanagement of disaster prone to human settlements, in particularhighly populated areas and quickly urbanizing settlements. The issuesof informal or non permanent housing and the location of housing inhigh risk areas should be addressed as priorities, including in theframework of urban poverty reduction and slum upgradingprogrammes.

ROLE OF LAND USE PLANNING UNDER THRUST 4, HFA

(o) Mainstream disaster risk considerations into planning procedures formajor infrastructure projects, including the criteria for design, approvaland implementation of such projects and considerations based onsocial, economic and environmental impact assessments.

(p) Develop, upgrade and encourage the use of guidelines and monitoringtools for the reduction of disaster risk in the context of land-use policyand planning.

(q) Incorporate disaster risk assessment into rural development planningand management, in particular with regard to mountain and coastalflood plain areas, including through the identification of land zones thatare available and safe for human settlement.

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LAND USE PLANNING SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA   

NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLANNING

COUNCIL (NPPC)

REGIONAL PLANNING COMMITTEE

National Level

Chaired by Prime Minister

Regional Le el

Chairman pointed by Prime

(RPC)

STATE PLANNING COMMITTEE

(SPC)

ONE-STOP CENTER (OSC) MEETING

State Level

Local Level

Chaired by Chief Minister

Chaired by Chief Council

LevelMinister

DEVELOPMENT PLAN SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA

NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN (NPP)NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN (NPP)

STATE STRUCTURE PLAN STATE STRUCTURE PLAN

NationaNationa

l Levell Level

State State

LOCAL PLANLOCAL PLAN

SPECIAL AREA PLANSPECIAL AREA PLAN

LevelLevel

Local Local

LevelLevel

INCORPORATION OF DRR & CCA PRINCIPLESIN SPATIAL PLANNING

VISION 2020

LEVEL 1 : NATIONAL PLANNING

NATIONALPHYSICAL

PLAN

5 - YEARMALAYSIA PLAN

SECTORALPOLICIES/

PLANS

Town & Country Planning Act 1976 (Act 172)•Sec. 6B – Preparation of NPP•Sec. 6B(4) – Review of NPP every 5 years

Plan Area•NPP confined to Peninsular Malaysia

Plan Period•10 year timescale up to 2020

Functions of NPP

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LEVEL 2 : REGIONAL / STATE PLANNING

LEVEL 3 : LOCAL PLANNING

SPECIAL AREAPLAN

LOCALPLAN

REGIONAL / STRUCTURE PLAN

STATE/ REGIONALDEVELOPMENT

PLAN

SECTORAL POLICIES/

PLANS

• Strengthening national planning by incorporating a spatial dimension to national socio‐economic policies;1

• Coordinating decisions of sectoral agencies by providing the spatial expression to sectoral policies;2

• Establishing the national spatial framework for regional, state and local planning;3

• Providing physical planning policies for ensuring sustainable development; and 4

• Identifying a key action programmes to demonstrate innovative spatial planning and design concepts. 6

• Advocating sectoral measures for implementing agencies to take them forward in supporting the national spatial policies and framework

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NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLANNATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN

The Establishment Of An Efficient, EquitableAnd Sustainable National Spatial Framework ToGuide The Overall Development Of The CountryTowards Achieving Developed And High-incomeNation Status By 2020.

Safeguard and managed sustainably all surface and ground water resources.

Apply sustainable forest management

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Apply sustainable forest management. Water resources management based on IWRM, IRBM

and ICZM. CFS as the backbone of the ESA network; ESA will be integrated in the planning and management

of land use and natural resources. Future settlements and infrastructure in coastal zones

will be located away vulnerable to rising sea levels/storm surges

Natural barriers, esp. mangroves, forests and peat lands shall be protected and expanded and further conversion of will no longer be allowed.

NATIONAL URBANISATION POLICY ( NUP )

A written policy which outlined the thrusts, strategies and steps to guide, manage and monitor more efficient and systematic town planning and developments, 

The aim of NUP is to create  visionable cities with liveable environment through sustainable urban d l tdevelopment. 

Approved  by:

• Cabinet Meeting  on 2 August 2006

• NPPC on 8 August 2006

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STATE STRUCTURE PLAN

• Functions

• Translate policies of the National Physical Plan; • Provide framework for Local Plan;• Identify main land uses at the state level; and• Identify main state projects

LOCAL PLAN• Functions

Translate the policies of State Structure Plan

As a physical development guide for the respective district through the proposed land use plan

BANDAR KOTA TINGGI

Kg. Seri Lalang

Kg. M akam

Kg. Kelantan

Kg. Sri Lalang

Taman Kota M erdesa

Taman Batu 25

Kg. Panti

Kg. Jawa

T

S

G

S

SJC

M

DORBR

PI

S

TERMINALBAS DAN

TEKSI

TA

BP

G

S BR SRT

ASRAMAPUSAT

SM

SM

SA

SR

M

S

JCSG

HOSPITAL

S

MAHKAMAH

TDK

S

TSM

IBU PEJABATPOLIS DAERAH

LOJI

S

BR

M

S

SJC

SASR

SR

SM TA

SAJ

BSI

PP

MDKT

T

PI

DOR

PI

SR

TDK

S

SA

DORBR SA

TERMINAL

Identify main projects of the district

Preparation of Implementation Guidelines to guide implementation

Aided with Subject Plans for sectoraldevelopment implementation

SPECIAL AREA PLAN A detailed development plan

prepared within a short period of time for implementation and management

The main output : Development Action Plan in the form of layout plan and complemented by management plan, development phasing, cost, implementing agency and implementationagency and implementation approach

5 main categories :

Redevelopment of areas within urban centres

Heritage Conservation Areas Environmental Sensitive

Areas Resettlement of Communities Special Area For Specific

Needs

DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL REPORT

DPR to be submitted for any proposed development -for planning permission to LPA (under Sec. 21A (1) Act 172)

Content :

Development concept & justifications Site plan, land ownership, Land use analysis Physical condition topography geology drainage Physical condition – topography, geology, drainage Traffic & transportation, Economy & infrastructure Public & Social amenities Preservation & conservation of trees & buildings Impact Assessment – SIA, TIA, EIA

This enables the planning authority to make development control decisions to protect the environment.

CRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAN AND HIS FELLOW MAN

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAN AND HIS ENVIRONMENT

M

BALANCED RELATIONSHIPS

RELATIONSHIP BETWEENMAN AND HIS CREATOR

M

TOTAL PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DOCTRINE

M

C

M

E

E HOLISTIC APPROACH

MAN AND HIS FOCUS OF DEVELOPMENT

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ACTIVITIES

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE CHANGES

EQUAL DISTRIBUTION AND UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES

TOTAL PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT PHILOSOPHY

“ Creating a balance between physical development and human development in terms of Spiritual and Noble Universal Values for the Sustainable Progress of the Country ”

PLANNING GUIDELINES, MANUALS & STUDIES

Study on Geo-Hazard Areas in Land Use Planning

Planning Guidelines on Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs)

Planning Guidelines on the Development of Hillslopes & Highlands

Study on Sustainable Development Indicators (SDI)

Planning Guidelines on Green

.

Neighbourhood Planning Guidelines on Open Space

and Recreation Planning Guidelines on Development

of Roof Top Gardens Planning Guidelines on Public

Facilities Manual on Sustainability Assessment A Guide for Conducting Focus Group

Discussions, Charettes and Village Appraisals

Manual on Social Impact Assessment

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PROPOSED HAZARD RISK STUDY IN DEVELOPMENT PLANS

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National PhysicalPlan

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State Structure Plan

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Local Plan

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General Hazard Risk Plan

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List the locations & Incidences of Hazard Areas Identify Main River

Basins that need Flood Mitigation Study

Hazard Risk Areas Zoning Map

Local Plan

Special Area Plan

Planning Permission(Devt Proposal Report)

Strategic Hazard Risk Plan

Hazard Risk Assessment

Hazard Risk Areas Zoning Map by Rank

Present Planning Proses/PracticeProposal to incorporate related hazard risk aspects

Vission 2020, New Economic Model, Five Year Malaysia Plan/ National Physical Plan/ National Urbanisation Plan

EconomicDevelopment

Optimum Use of Land and 

Effective Governance

DIMENSION

DIMENSIONDIMENSION

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1

MURNInetMURNInet FrameworkFramework

Government transformation Programme (NKRA, NKEA, MKRA)

MSSDIResources

Infrastructure& 

Transportation

EnvironmentalQuality 

Liveable Community

Governance

DIMENSION

DIMENSI ON

DIMENSION

MURNInet 3

4

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THE LAND USE PLANNING ASSESSMENT FOR RISK AREAS (LUPAr) PROGRAM

Aimed to translate the thrust of Hyogo Declaration 2005  & MDG into land use planning mechanism through R&D activities & formulation of policies & general land use planning guidelines.

provide research inputs in the formulation of land use planning policies & guidelines for hazard riskuse planning policies & guidelines for hazard risk areas.

main components include:• capacity building• Research and pilot studies• Awareness Program and Community 

Involvement • Expert Committee (LUPAr) 

• The public’s input is important in ensuring plans prepared truly address local issues and meet the needs of the local people

COMMUNITY  PREPAREDNESS

Public ParticipationFGD

• Allows for public involvement at an early stage

• Focus Group Discussion (FGD)

PUBLICITY

The FDTCP will continue to play a vital role inincorporating and mainstreaming DRR and CCA.

Cooperation and inter-agencies free flow of data andinformation is needed.

Continuous effort is necessary to assess changesand ensure that adaptations will be done

CONCLUSION

commensurate with new issues and risks that mayarise over time.