PAJARITO POWDER, LLC - h2fc-fair.com 03, 2017 · XL Nafion membrane, ... 2015 2016 2020 2030 Catalyst Price ($USD/KW) Comparison of Pt/C to Pt/ECS Cost Pt/C Pt/ECS Expected reduction

PAJARITO POWDER, LLCEngineered Catalyst Supports

for Durable Electrocatalysts

1Hannover Messe 2017

124

6955 53

4030

0

50

100

150

Cos

t per

KW

($U

SD)

Fuel Cell System Cost(500,000 FCEV/Year)

45% of Stack Cost is Catalyst

27%

10%

8%

5%

5%

Bipolar Plates

Membranes

Balance of Stack

GDE

Frames/Gaskets

DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program Record #: 15015 Fuel Cell System Cost - 20155

00,20,40,60,81Durability

Stability

Cost @ 10K vehicles

Cost @ 500K vehicles

Manufacturability

Performance

Pt/C

Platinum on Carbon

7

6

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1402

Inte

nsity

, nor

mal

ized

PtPtNi

65 67 69 71 73 75

Pt PtNi

Organic Precursors

Heat Treatment

Pore & Particle Forming Agents

Pt/Pt Alloy Deposition

Engineered Catalyst Support

Manufacturing Approach

00,20,40,60,81Durability

Stability

Cost @ 10K vehicles

Cost @ 500K vehicles

Manufacturability

Performance

Pt/CPMFECS

Pajarito Powder ECS

9

Optimized across multiple criteria:• Resistance to corrosion (durability)• Resistance to Pt mobility (stability)• High performance at low Pt loadings

Targeted morphology:• Pore size distribution• Particle size distribution• Surface area• Surface functionalization

Engineered Catalyst Supports

5.5-40 nm and combination of these pore sizes achieved

Pore Size Control

Variable Surface Area

Surface area control over 400-800m2/gr

range while maintaining pore

size by BJHdesorption

10nm40nm

Pore inter-connectivity is evident by SEM and implied by surface area and pore size distribution

Pore Inter-Connectivity

200120022003200

Inte

nsity

, nor

mal

ized

Raman Shift, 1/cm

ECS Gen 2ECS Gen 1XC72Graphite

DG

G` (2D)

Variable Surface Area

Higher graphitization leads to more

corrosion resistance but also lower ECSA

– 1-5nm graphite crystallite size

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1402

Inte

nsity

, nor

mal

ized

PtPtNi

65 67 69 71 73 75

Pt PtNi2-5 nm Pt and phase-pure Pt

alloys optimized Pt deposition

In-House Pt Deposition

MEA Fabrication & Testing

Carver 3860 heated press~6+ minutes 131oC+75psi for 25cm2

60psi for 50cm2

Silverson high shear mixer2-5wt% solids Ink

Sonitek ExactCoat25kHz sonic nozzle2-200mgr/cm2/pass

Membrane Cathode (GDE)

Anode (GDE)

Gasket (PTFE coated fiberglass)

Gasket (PTFE coated fiberglass)

Weigh paper

Weigh paper

1/8" Machined stainless steel

1/8" Machined stainless steel

MEA Fabrication & Testing

Accelerated stress test

Higher Performance

BOL

EOL

BOL

Commercial Catalyst Engineered Carbon Support

EOL

Volts

(iR

unco

rrect

ed)

0.86

0

.90

0.

93

10

@ OCV

Longer Life

I (A/cm2)

0.3

0.5

0

.7

0.9

Volts

(iR

unco

rrect

ed)

11

ECSadvantage

OCV Before & After Accelerated Stress Test

Electrode Construction: XL Nafion membrane, 45wt% 1100 EW ionomer, Sigracet 29BC GDLCathode: 0.1mgPt/cm

2

Anode: 0.05mgPt/cm2

Operating Conditions: 100% RH, 1.5H2:2.5 Air, P=2barg

EOL: After carbon corrosion support accelerated stress test (5,000 cycles of 1‐1.5V 500mV/S using H2:N2 in MEA) 

OCV and shape of curve show need for improved electrode construction  Excellent BOL and durability confirmed

00,20,40,60,81Durability

Stability

Cost @ 10K vehicles

Cost @ 500K vehicles

Manufacturability

Performance

Pt/CPMFECS

Pajarito Powder ECS

9

Pt/C Cost from DOE “Fuel Cell System Cost – 2015”; Pt price fixed at 2015 levels

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2015 2016 2020 2030

Cat

alys

t Pric

e ($

USD

/KW

)

Comparison of Pt/C to Pt/ECS Cost

Pt/C Pt/ECS

Expected reduction of ~$10/kW at scale (2015 Pt prices)

Lower Cost

12

U.S. Department of EnergyARPA-EEERE – Fuel Cell Technology Office

Incubator ProgramSmall Business Innovation ResearchSmall Business Vouchers

14

Grant Funding

Los Alamos National LaboratoryUniversity of New MexicoInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique

Nearly 50 patents worldwide, applied and issued

15

Excellent Sources of IP

Alia Lubers, Catalyst Manufacturing Manager ([email protected])Tom Stephenson, CEO & Chairman ([email protected]) 

Barr Zulevi, CTO & President ([email protected]) Webb Johnson, Senior Director of Business Development ([email protected])

Saburo Hori, Director of Business Development Asia ([email protected])Yun Li, China Business Liaison ([email protected])

HYDROGEN+ FUEL CELL+BATTERIES Group Exhibit Hall 27, at booth B76

Pajarito Powder, LLCAlbuquerque, NM 87109, USA

+1 (505) 293‐5367www.pajaritopowder.com

PajaritoPowder.com

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