Painting an Azorean whaling Canoe The lesson is intended for students with little or no experience. You’ll learn to make a realistic painting of an Azorean whaling Canoe. It is a ‘How-to’ lesson, which focuses on techniques that make difficult things easy, rather than explaining the general background principles. We’ll guide you through the process step by step. You’ll do a number of things that students in general find difficult: • Paint water • Paint clouds in the sky • Paint sails • Paint a boat in perspective. Before starting 1) Look extensively at the example picture. Ask yourself the following questions: What are important lines in the picture? What is the color of the sea? The sky? What is the color of the darker parts of the clouds? What is the color of the foam at the bow? What is the color of the sails? 2) We discuss some elementary issues: - The notion of a vanishing point for the boat. - Aerial perspective in cloudy skies: objects far at the horizon have greyish colors due to the dispersion of light because of water vapor in the air. Color blue is darker high in the sky. Clouds are bigger on top of the painting. Clouds have light at the top and shadow at the bottom. Use instable color mix for shade of clouds. - Structure of water and its perspective. Bigger waves near the bottom of the painting. On top of the waves the sky is reflected. At the bottom of the waves you look in side the wave in to the darker water. - mixing paint: Primary and secondary colors, counter colors, the theory of mixing 2 colors. Mixing 3 or more pigments to get brown and grey instable colors. 3) You build up a painting 1) from background to foreground and 2) from dark to light and 3) from lean to fat paint. Mind You: When the paint dries it becomes darker!
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PaintinganAzoreanwhalingCanoe
Thelessonisintendedforstudentswithlittleornoexperience.You’lllearntomakearealisticpaintingofanAzoreanwhalingCanoe.Itisa‘How-to’lesson,whichfocusesontechniquesthatmakedifficultthingseasy,ratherthanexplainingthegeneralbackgroundprinciples.We’llguideyouthroughtheprocessstepbystep.You’lldoanumberofthingsthatstudentsingeneralfinddifficult:
• Paintwater• Paintcloudsinthesky• Paintsails• Paintaboatinperspective.
Beforestarting
1) Lookextensivelyattheexamplepicture.Askyourselfthefollowingquestions:Whatareimportantlinesinthepicture?Whatisthecolorofthesea?Thesky?Whatisthecolorofthedarkerpartsoftheclouds?Whatisthecolorofthefoamatthebow?Whatisthecolorofthesails?
2) Wediscusssomeelementaryissues:-Thenotionofavanishingpointfortheboat.-Aerialperspectiveincloudyskies:objectsfaratthehorizonhavegreyishcolorsduetothedispersionoflightbecauseofwatervaporintheair.Colorblueisdarkerhighinthesky.Cloudsarebiggerontopofthepainting.Cloudshavelightatthetopandshadowatthebottom.Useinstablecolormixforshadeofclouds.-Structureofwateranditsperspective.Biggerwavesnearthebottomofthepainting.Ontopofthewavestheskyisreflected.Atthebottomofthewavesyoulookinsidethewaveintothedarkerwater.-mixingpaint:Primaryandsecondarycolors,countercolors,thetheoryofmixing2colors.Mixing3ormorepigmentstogetbrownandgreyinstablecolors.
3) Youbuildupapainting1)frombackgroundtoforegroundand2)fromdarktolightand3)fromleantofatpaint.MindYou:Whenthepaintdriesitbecomesdarker!
TheprojectCutasquarepieceofcanvasof44x44cmandstapleittoyouworkboard.Makesureitisflat:stretchitabitdiagonallywhenstapling.Defineaworkareaof39x39cmwithtape2,5cmfromtheedges.ApplyaroughundercoatofburntSiennatotheworkareawithalargebrush.Donotuse
muchwater.TheburntSiennaactsasacountercolorforthegeneralbluetoneofthepainting.Itforcesyoutocoverallofthesurfacewithpaintandtousewhitepaintforthelighterpartsoftheimage.Drythesurfacewithahairdryer.Withapenciladdmarksonthetapeonthesideoftheworkareathatindicatethehorizon,13cmfrom
thebottomoftheworkarea.Donotdrawintheworkarea.(Youshoulddrawallittleaspossibleintheworkareaasyouwillhavetoremovethelineswithaneraserlater.)I)Mixmiddletoneforwater:Phtaloblue,Yellowochre,BurntSiennaandTitanWhiteintoadarkgreenishhue.StartwithatinybitofPhtalobluesincethispigmentisverystrong
(professionalpainterscallit‘Fatalo-Blue’).Addsomeochretogetagreenishhue.Add
someSiennatotoneitdown.Lightenupwithwhite.Coverthelowerpartofthepaintinginthiscolortojustabovethehorizonline.Thisseal-likecoloractsasamiddletone.Laterweaddlightpaintinthecoloroftheskyforthereflectionofthesky,anddarkerpaintforthepartswherewelookintothewater.Drythesurfacewithahairdryer.II)Whentheseaisdryyoumarkthelineofthehorizonwithtapeoverthedrysurface.Makesureyouhavetapethatstickswell,soyoucanpaintastraighthorizon.Mixthreesetsoftonesforthesky:-Cobaltblue,YellowochreandBurntSiennaintoagreyishhuefortheshadowsofthesky.-TitanWhiteandCobaltblueforthebluepatchesofsky(somewhatdarkerfortheupperpartofthepainting).Ifyouwant,youcanaddtinybitsofochreand/orburntSiennatotonethebluecolordownabit.-PureTitanwhiteforthelighterpartoftheclouds.Addsomelemonyellowandcrimsonclosetothehorizon.Useaseparatebrushforthewhitetomakesurethecolorstaysclear!Lookatthesky,cloudsaboveyouinfrontaremuchbiggerthantheonesafar,andtheskyislighterblue(withmoreyellow)andcloudsareverysmallatthehorizon.III)LookattheshapeofthevolcanoPicoandhowhighitisinrelationtotheboat.Paintitwiththepigmentsusedforthesea.IV)Nowtherearefourlinesthatdefinethecontouroftheboat.Themeasurementsareonthehandout.Fromtherightuppercorner8cm,3cm,17cm,15cm,4cmand8cm.Onlydrawthelinesthataredirectlyaroundthehulloftheboat.Markthecurveofthegunwalewithasmoothcurvedlinethattouchesthelowerhorizontalline.
V)Whenyouhavedrawntheseyoucanstartwiththewater.Thetopofawavereflectsthesky.Souselightercoloroftheskytomarkthewaveswithhorizontalbrushstrokes.Paintthewavesinperspective.Largeatthebottomofthepaintingwithspacearoundthestrokestosuggestthepartswherethereisno
reflectionofthesky.Theybecomesmallertowardsthehorizonandatthehorizonyouonlyseereflectedsurface.Makesurethelightercoloralsodefinestheshapeoftheboat.Leavespaceforthereflectionoftheboat.VI)Definethegangwayoftheboatandtheinterior.Suggestthegunwaleoftheboatwithonecurvedfinebrushstrokeofburntumber.Putafinelineofcrimsonabovethisandmixitwithwhiteonplaceswherethelightisreflected(underthejib).Indicatethebenchesintheboat.Notethattheyroughlymakea90-degreeanglewiththemastinthedirectionoftheslopeofthevolcano.Don’tbotheraboutthetopoftheboat,Itwillbebehindthesails.VII)AddthedarkershadesoftheboatusinghorizontalbrushstrokeswithamixofburntSiennaandPhtaloblue.VIII)Paintthesprayatthebow.Notethatthefoamisnotpurelywhitebutroughlyhasthecoloroftheshadesoftheclouds.Notethatthewaveslagbehindtheboat.Thereisroughlyawaveatthebowandoneatthestern.Usesomepurewhitforthelightpatchunderthejib.IX)Themainsailisdefinedbyfourlinesthatcanbemarkedonthetapededgesofyourcanvas.Themeasurementsare(clockwisefromtherightuppercorner):5cm,8cm,2,5cm,10cm(notethattheboomofmainsailendsmoreorlessatthehorizon),10cm14cm.Adjusttapearoundtheformofthemainsail.Makesurethatthetopofthelowergunwaleiscoveredwithtapebutthatthehorizonisfree.MarkthetypicalScurveattheleachofthesailwithtape.Markthehumpofthecurvebywrinklingthetapeononesideandthehollowpartofthecurvewithpiecesoftape(Seepicturebelow).Paintthesailwithyellowochre,umbercobaltblueandtitanwhite.Besurethatthefrontofthesailislighter,andsoisthebottom.Removethetape.
X)Letthemainsaildrybeforeyoutapetheformofthejib.Threepointsdefineit:1)closetothemastjustundertheupperpartofthemainsail,2)nearthebow,3)inthelowerleftpartofthemainsail.Paintitinthesamewayasthemainsail.Notelighterpartsofthejib.XI)Paintthemast,gaffandboomsunderthesail,withamaulstickasarulerandathinbrush.Signthepainting.Done!
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