Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA UN Expert Group Meeting on Sustainable Cities, Human Mobility and International Migration New York, 7-8 September 2017
Overview of global trends
in international migration and urbanization
Sabine Henning
Population Division, DESA
UN Expert Group Meeting on
Sustainable Cities, Human Mobility and International Migration
New York, 7-8 September 2017
International Migration
5
7
15
40
49
56
172
8
9
21
54
75
76
244
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Oceania
Latin America and the Caribbean
Africa
Northern America
Asia
Europe
World
Number of international migrants by region of destination, 2000 and 2015
2015
2000
Nearly 2/3 of all international migrantslive in Europe and Asia
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).
Percentage female among all international migrants, 2015
Women comprise slightly less than half of all international migrants.
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).
38
45
41
38
40
35
27
39
44
43
42
36
35
29
0 10 20 30 40 50
World
Oceania
Europe
Northern America
Latin America and the Caribbean
Asia
Africa
Median age among international migrants and by region of destination, 2000 and 2015
2015
2000
Median age of international migrantsWorldwide was 39 years,compared to 29.6 yearsfor the total population age (years)
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).
1
3
23
26
52
68
2
4
34
37
62
104
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Oceania
Northern America
Africa
Latin America and the Caribbean
Europe
Asia
Number of international migrants by region of origin, 2000 and 2015
2015
2000
Almost half of allinternational migrantsworldwide were born in Asia
Number of migrants (millions)
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).
Number of international migrants by region of origin, 2000 and 2015
In many parts of the World, migrationoccurs primarilywithin major areas
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).
Components of population change -Africa and Europe compared
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1950-1960
1960-1970
1970-1980
1980-1990
1990-2000
2000-2010
2010-2020
2020-2030
2030-2040
2040-2050
mil
lio
ns
Europe
-30
20
70
120
170
220
270
320
370
420
1950-1960
1960-1970
1970-1980
1980-1990
1990-2000
2000-2010
2010-2020
2020-2030
2030-2040
2040-2050
mil
lio
ns
Total net population change Net international migration
Natural change
Africa
Net international migration is slowing population decline in Europe – in Africa, it has hardly any effect
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).
URBANIZATION
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
19
50
19
55
19
60
19
65
19
70
19
75
19
80
19
85
19
90
19
95
20
00
20
05
20
10
20
15
20
20
20
25
20
30
20
35
20
40
20
45
20
50
Pop
ula
tio
n (
bill
ion
s)Urban and rural population of the world,
1950-2050
Urban
Rural
A majority of the world’s population lives in urban areas
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.
2015:40.4
47.8
73.679.8 81.6
70.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Africa Asia Europe Latin America andthe Caribbean
Northern America Oceania
Pro
po
rtio
n u
rban
of
tota
l po
pu
lati
on
(p
er c
ent)
Urban and rural population as proportion of total population, 1950-2050
Urbanization has occurred in all regions, but Africa and Asiaremain mostly rural
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.
1950-2050
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Pop
ula
tio
n (
bill
ion
s)
Rural Fewer than 500 000 500 000 to 1 million 1 to 5 million 5 to 10 million 10 million or more
Close to half of the world’s urban population lives in settlements with fewer than 500,000 inhabitants
500,000-
1 mill.
< 500,000
rural
> 10 mill.
1 – 5 mill.
5 – 10 mill.
World’s population by size class of settlement, 1990-2030
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1990 2016 2030
Pop
ula
tio
n (
mill
ion
s)Global urban population by size class of
settlement, 1990-2030
<500,000 500,000-1 mill. 1-5 mill. 5-10 mill. >10 mill.
239 cities21 cities
10 cities
294 cities
558 cities
436 cities
31 cities
41 cities
731 cities551 cities
45 cities
63 cities
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.
Note: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Percentage urban and location of urban agglomerations with at least 5000,000 inhabitants, 2014
Growth rates of the world’s cities, 2000-2016
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.
Most of the world’s Fastest growing citiesare located in Asiaand Africa
72
87
72
48
72
100
80
3946
70
14
34
07
0
20
40
60
80
100
World Africa Asia Europe Latin Americaand the
Caribbean
NorthernAmerica
Oceania
Governments with policies or strategies in the past five years to encourage population redistribution, 2015
Reduce rural to urban migration
Decentralize large urban centres to smaller urban, suburban or rural areas
The majority ofcountries have policiesin place to reduce rural to urban migration
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2016): World Population Policies Database: The 2015 Revision
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision; Gu and others (2015). Risk of exposure and vulnerability to natural disasters at the city level: a global overview. Technical Paper No. 2015/2, Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations.
Note: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Cities’ risk of exposure to natural disasters, 2014
Many cities are vulnerable to atleast one type ofnatural disaster
Thank you!
www.unpopulation.org