Overview of Cross Regional Group in Kazakhstan and ...pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/349941468844730816/... · in Kazakhstan and presentation of results (including some products – cadaster

Shivaryova Svetlana Executive DirectorRegional Centre of Hydrology

Overview of Cross Regional Group in Kazakhstan and presentation of results (including some products –

cadaster of risks, research)

June 16, 2016 Almaty Republic of Kazakhstan

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History of IWG in Kazakhstan

The Cross-Sectoral Working Group inKazakhstan (CWG) was established in2012 within the framework of the GIZproject «Adaptation to climate changethrough sustainable management ofnatural resources and cross-bordercooperation in prevention of naturaldisasters in Central Asia" .

This type of activity is being implementedfor the first time in Kazakhstan and in theAral Sea Basin countries in general.

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The composition of the IWG in Kazakhstan

The CWG comprises of representatives of 11organizations:

- The Al-Farabi Kazakh National University - Institute of Geography- Kazhydromet- IFAS Executive Directorate in Almaty- Committee for Water Resources- "KazSeleZashshita" State Enterpise, MOE-"National Center for Space Research and Technology“JSC-Hydrology Regional Centre for Central Asia-Regional Environmental Centre for Central Asia-Kazgiprovodkhoz-Public associations (NGOs)

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WHY CWG in CA

The main objectives of the CWG are:- expertise in the field of geohazard prevention in Kazakhstan andCentral Asia;-analysis of existing water related natural disasters, development ofapproaches to risk reduction and conveying the reports todecision-makers;-considering of the cross-border context; regular inter-statecoordination of developed approaches;-establishment of the IWG in other Central Asian countries.

In 2012-2016, there were 13 regional CWG meeting in Almaty.In September 2015, a national CWG was established in Kyrgyzstan.In 2015-2016 three meetings of the national CWG were held inBishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

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Participants of the first CWG meeting of 17.10.2012

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Participants of the CWG meeting in 2013

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Participants of the CWG meeting in 2014

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Participants of the CWG meeting in 2015

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National CWG in Kyrgyzstan in 2016

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NATURAL DISASTERS IN CENTRAL ASIA

At the 1st IWG meeting natural disasters related to climate change have been analyzed; “Risk Cadastre", which includes the following

has been designed:

FloodsWater scarcityMudflowsLandslidesAvalanchesHeavy Showers and hail showersFrostsDrought

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Strengths of the CWG• Join work of specialists from different organizations, with

different professional focus; active and collaborativedevelopment of recommendations on risk cadastre;

• Focus on one issue (eg, protection of population from therisk of Shardara dam failure, flood threat), and further jointappeal to the higher authorities;

• Engagement of donors and representatives from neighboringCentral Asian countries, as well as volunteers; usefulexchange of best practices with other countries (eg.,Germany);

• Active cooperation with the representatives from all theprovinces and regions of Kazakhstan;

• Willingness to work, while mutually enriching each other byinformation, aiming at successful outcome; discussions anddebates which take place during the meetings;

• General accessibility of information; capability to bringing itto the attention of decision makers.

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ResultsThe CWG has prepared and communicated

to the decision-makers its proposal to theState Water Resources Control program toinclude issues pertinent to the safetyShardara dam.

The CWG has submitted on 28 June, 2013 itsrecommendations to the Minister ofEnvironmental Protection N. Kapparov.

The CWG Members (RCH, Kazhydromet,CWR and KazSeleZashshita) are tasked toregularly monitor the flood situation, toparticipate in the discussion of the floodearly warning on Syrdarya river and toreport the progress at the CWG subsequentmeetings.

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Address on the risk of Shardara dam failureGiven the importance of the greatest risk of dam failure at ShardaraReservoir under extreme floods due to climate change, in 2014 the CWGahas sent to the Government of Kazakhstan, the First Deputy PrimeMinister of Kazakhstan Mr. Sagintayev the “Address on the risk ofShardara dam failure”. The address stated that:1. The problem of flood-control diversion for rare-

occurrence floods has not been solved. There is a risk ofdam break.

2. More than 230 settlements of South Kazakhstan andKyzylorda regions are located within the area of possibleflooding.

Results :- Following the Address to the Committee of water resources an

order has been issued to to develop a program, which takes intoaccount the IWG suggestions

- The appropriate bodies have been given recommendations to buildfor the construction of two spillways.

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CWG Address to the Government of Kazakhstan on the mudflow risks (November 2015)

In 2015, two meetings of the IWG discussed the problem of activation of mudflows in Kazakhstan due to global warming, sent an appeal to the Government to review the situation and to commission a number of scientific and industrial institutions to address the issues raised.

In 2015, two meetings of the CWG have discussed the problem ofintensification of mudflows in Kazakhstan due to global warming;an Address was submitted to the Government to review thesituation and to commission a number of scientific and industrialinstitutions to address the issues raised.

CWG concluded that:• research and monitoring of mudflows have been substantially

reduced ;• mudflows forecast is primarily of a background nature, it does not

offer detailed analysis of mudflow bodies;• The mountain slopes of south-eastern Kazakhstan are not fully

explored in the context of their landslide hazard during strongearthquakes;

• There is no clear understanding as to what processes affectoccurrence of mudflow risk situation in the glacial area amidstcontinued degradation of mountain glaciation;

• the potential of the existing engineering anti-mudflow structures inthe country in new environment is not assessed recommendationsas to its maintenance and development have not been elaborated.

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ResultsOn February 9, 2016 the meeting of the Inter-Agency StateCommission on prevention and liquidation of emergency situationsthe following instructions have been given:1. To the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic ofKazakhstan (Science Committee): to develop a long-term mudflowsecurity concept in Kazakhstan with the help and contribution fromsubordinate organizations and interested stakeholders ( "Institute ofGeography", "KazSeleZashshita" "Kazhydromet")2. To the Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RSE"Kazhydromet"): to develop hydrometeorological monitoring andforecasting of mudflows.3. To the Ministry of Internal Affairs (the Committee for EmergencySituations, "KazSeleZashshita“ State Enterprise):

- to make an inventory and perform an enhancement oftechnological potential and human resources of the subordinatenetwork of mudflows and landslides monitoring;- to implement an automated early warning system;- jointly with Kazgiprovodhoz Institute: to assess the condition of

anti-mudflow and anti-landslide facilities and to make proposals forthere development, taking into account global environmental changesand climate change.

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Address of CWG to the UN Development Programme Office inKazakhstan (April 2016)

Kazakhstan is subject to a wide range of natural disasters, which are sources ofdangerous hydrological phenomena. Thus, according to RK Ministry of InteriorEmergency Response Committee only since 1991 Kazakhstan has had about 600major floods, which affected more than tens of thousand of people. Nevertheless, inaddressing the issue of protecting people against such phenomena, one facesdisadvantages which adversely affect the gravity of the damage:

- Kazakhstan has not officially approved the Classification of natural disasters, including hazardous hydrological phenomena.

- The country is yet to establish a common interagency database of dangerous hydrological phenomena.

- The risks of dangerous hydrological phenomena is practically not taken into account when planning the protection and development of the territories.

- Kazakhstan has not developed a strategic plan to reduce the risks of dangerous hydrological phenomena for individual areas, and the country as a whole.

To improve the level of protection of people and areas from hazardoushydrological phenomena the IWG offers to start with implementation inKazakhstan of the set of works focused on “Preparing and submitting of ananalysis of the situation in Kazakhstan with assessing damages and risksof emergency situations caused by hazardous hydrological phenomena,and making proposals to improve the methodological basis for addressingthe problem, taking into account international experience“.

Address of the CWG to the World Bank regarding development of Hydrology service in NHMS of CA

(May 2016 )

The CWG requests to address the following issues:- In most of Central Asian states the measurements are

taken by obsolete equipment.- Monitoring of suspended sediment and bed deposits are

not conducted.- Quantitative models of forecasting hydrological

phenomena are not used.- There are no automated systems of control, analysis and

forecast of hydrological situation to monitor real-time status of water basins, to timely detect early signs of hazardous hydrological phenomena and to prevent thereof.

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The results of analytical studies• Status of the natural conditions of the Aral

Sea basin• Socio-economic conditions in the Aral region• The main phases of disaster risk

management by Emergency Response Department (disaster)

• Assumptions about the impacts of climate change in the Aral Sea basin

• Proposals for early warning system of climate risks in the Aral Sea basin system

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Analysis of monitoring and warning systems in Central Asia

• Analysis of storage and drawdown of Toktogul, Andijan, Kairakkum, Charvak and Shardara reservoirs in 2012-2015.

• Management of hydroelectric cascade on Syrdarya river

• Syrdarya river basin monitoring system• Exchange of information between CA NHMS

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Proposals to ensure successful work of the CWG• expansion of the list of participants, the involvement of various

stakeholders and countries, the distribution of responsibilities;• maintaining succession, continuing work outside of the meetings and

between the meetings;• need to pursue goals / scheduled topics;• need for the members of the CWG to travel to risk facilities;• need to find means to stimulate and motivate the participants;• possibility to invite to CWG meetings the decision-makers and young

professionals;• need to disseminate as much information as possible about the activities

of the CWG;• need to cooperate and learn from the experiences of developed countries

in the field of risk prevention.

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Conclusions

The CWG of Kazakhstan on cross-border monitoring and geohazardearly warning system has found the best working format: joint regularworking meeting of representatives of various government and academicinstitutions.

Effective disaster management requires enhanced cross-bordercoordination and cooperation, as well as the consolidation of the existingpotential.

Establishment of and operation of the CWG in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan and Uzbekistan will be a great help in the prevention of futuredisasters in Central Asia.

In the med-term perspective, the initiative can raise the level of protectionof the local population and have a positive impact on inter-stateagreements.

In order to strengthen cross-border cooperation and sustainable activitiesthere is a need for further professional and financial support to the CWGof Central Asian countries on geohazard warning. 21

All the materials pertinent to the work of the CWGKazakhstan in 2014 – 2016 is available on the WorldBank platform C4D (Collaboration for Development)under the Group titled Central Asia KnowledgeAlliance for Development in Natural ResourcesManagement.

CONTACT DETAILS :

32, Abai Ave., Almaty, KazakhstanTel. / Fax: +7 (727) 390 71 74Email: [email protected]

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Благодарю за внимание!Thank you for attention!

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