Out-Of-Compliance Grocery UES Measure Recommendations Regional Technical Forum June 17, 2014
Jan 18, 2016
Out-Of-Compliance Grocery UES Measure Recommendations
Regional Technical ForumJune 17, 2014
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Presentation Outline• Background• Measure Overview• Staff Highlighted Areas• UES Workbook
– Measure Descriptions– Measure Analysis and Input Details– Savings, Cost, and Cost Effectiveness
• RTF Staff Recommendation• Proposed Decision
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Background
• Multiple Grocery measures found Out-of-Compliance– Subsequent analysis determined remaining potential small– Extended sunset date at November 2013 meeting– Staff to develop plan to bring back into compliance
• Grocery measures in question:1. ECMs for Walk-ins – Done2. Walk-in Evaporator Fan ECMotor Controllers – Done3. Compressor Head Fan Motor Retrofit to ECM – Done 4. Display Case LEDs (Open Cases)5. Floating Head Pressure Controls for Single Compressor Systems6. Door Gasket Replacement7. Auto Door Closers8. Strip Curtains
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Background – Remaining PotentialRegional Priority Sector Measure
Remaining Potential
aMW (Cadmus)
Remaining Potential aMW
(PECI)Notes
1 Grocery Grocery - Display Case LEDs (Open Cases)
0.48 N/A Measure of interest for PECI
2 Grocery Grocery - Floating Head Pressure Controls for Single Compressor Systems
0.46 0.06Remaining potential is small for PECI program (when measure is limited to grocery sector)
3 Grocery Grocery - Autoclosers 0.26 0.21 Remaining potential is small for PECI program
3 Grocery Grocery - Door Gasket Replacement 0.65 0.021 Remaining potential is small for PECI program
3 Grocery Grocery - Strip Curtains 1.61 0.015 Remaining potential is small for PECI program
Note: Remaining potential based on PNW territory only.
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What hasn’t been done
• Estimating measure interactions very limited– Only looked at HVAC interaction within measure– Possible to have interactions among measures
RTF Measure Interactions
Auto Door Closers
Display Case LEDs (Open Cases)
Door Gasket Replacement
Floating Head Pressure Controls for Single Compressor Systems
Strip Curtains
Auto Door Closers x x
Display Case LEDs (Open Cases)
Door Gasket Replacement x x
Floating Head Pressure Controls for Single Compressor Systems
Strip Curtains x x
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What direction to take?
• Can ask RTF staff to:– Bring measure back including interactions
• Will need to define a “full package” for grocery refrigeration cases
– Estimate interactions among measures• RTF professional judgment
– Ignore interactions
• Staff estimate is that interactions are likely small and do not warrant further research.– Furthermore, estimation methods of measures are varied and it may
not be practical to reliably determine interactions• Should staff resources be spent on estimating measure
interactions for measures the RTF has categorized as Small Savers?
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Display Case LEDs (Open Cases)
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Measure Overview
• What does it do?– Either:
• Replaces existing fluorescent lamps on Open Display Cases with LEDs
• Installs LEDs in new cases instead of fluorescent lamps• De-lamps fluorescent lamps in existing cases
– Savings occur from:• Wattage reduction of lamps• Runtime and load reduction of refrigeration system• Load reduction on store HVAC heating system
– Assuming grocery stores heat most of the year
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Recommendation Memo ItemsRecommendation Memo Item Staff Response
The Hours of Operation parameter needs to be based on metered data.
Small Saver status negates the need to collect primary data. Will use Hours of Operation derived in other RTF approved grocery measure (i.e. ASHC).
The Portion of lamp energy rejected to the refrigerated space parameter should be based on measured data or engineering analysis.
Small Saver status negates the need to collect primary data. Will use DOE TSD which estimates this parameter.
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Staff Highlighted Areas
• Measure specs– Changed measure spec to align with BPA
implementation which states that efficacy of LED lights must be within 10 lumens/watt of Design Lights Consortium specifications.
– Removed requirement for permanently installed fixture (drop-in replacement lamps now allowed)
• LED life– Manufacturer rating of 50,000 hours used
• Results in a 7 year EUL based on HOU
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Savings, Cost, & Cost Effectiveness
• Go to the following sections in the Presentation tab in the proposed measure workbook:– Measure savings– Measure costs– Measure TRC B/C ratios
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RTF Staff Recommendation• Use manufacturers claim of LED life in
estimating EUL• Restrict RTF-approved period to 2 years to look
at persistence of drop-in LED lamps• Approve the ‘Display Case LEDs (Open Cases)’
UES measure as a “Small Saver”• Set the measure status to “Active”• Set the sunset date to June, 2016 to account
for rapidly evolving LED technology
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Proposed Decision
“I _______________ move that the RTF:
• Approve the ‘Display Case LEDs (Open Cases)’ measure as a “Small Saver” UES;
• Set the measure status to ‘Active;’ and
• Set the sunset date to June, 2016.”
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Floating Head Pressure Control on Single Compressors
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Measure Overview
• What does it do?– Installs Floating Head Pressure Controls on single
compressor systems• Allows head pressure of system to follow ambient dry
bulb temperature instead of preset on/off operation based on cut-in/cut-out pressures
– Savings occur from:• Load reduction of refrigeration system
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Recommendation Memo ItemsRecommendation Memo Item Staff Response
The review team did not have access to the eQuest simulation models used to derive energy savings by Compressor Size, climate zone, and case temperature. Climate Weighting Factors do not match the climate zone maps produced by the RTF.
PECI provided eQuest models and updated compressor sizing by case temp. Grocersmart climate weights more representative than RTF residential weightings.
The source of Suction Temperature Setpoints is not cited. Condensing Unit MT: 12°FCondensing Unit LT: -23°FRemote Condenser MT: 17°FRemote Condenser LT: -20°F
Based on Professional Judgment and used in eQuest analysis.
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Staff Highlighted Areas• Measure spec
– Clarified that measure is applicable to grocery sector only
• Remaining potential that qualifies this as a small saver is based on this assumption
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Updated Compressor Weights
1.00 2.00 3.00 5.00 7.50 10.00 Total0
100200300400500600700800900
MT Compressor Weighted Savings
Previous Weighting Current Weighting
HP
Savi
ngs (
kWh/
yr)
1.00 2.00 3.00 5.00 7.50 10.00 Total0
100200300400500600700800900
LT Compressor Weighted Savings
Previous Weighting Current Weighting
HP
Savi
ngs (
kWh/
yr)
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Savings, Cost, & Cost Effectiveness
• Go to the following sections in the Presentation tab in the proposed measure workbook:– Measure savings– Measure costs– Measure TRC B/C ratios
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RTF Staff Recommendation• Restrict measure to grocery sector only• Approve the ‘Floating Head Pressure Control
on Single Compressors’ UES measure as a “Small Saver”
• Set the measure status to “Active”• Set the sunset date to June, 2019
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Proposed Decision
“I _______________ move that the RTF:
• Restrict measure to grocery sector only
• Direct staff to look at potential for FHPC outside of the grocery sector and bring back to RTF at next meeting
• Approve the ‘Floating Head Pressure Control on Single Compressors’ measure as a “Small Saver” UES;
• Set the measure status to ‘Active;’ and
• Set the sunset date to June, 2019.”
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Door gaskets on walk-ins and reach-ins
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Measure Overview
• What does it do?– Replaces existing worn gasket with new gasket– Savings occur from:
• Runtime reduction on refrigeration system• Load reduction on store HVAC heating system
– Assuming grocery stores heat most of the year
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Recommendation Memo ItemsRecommendation Memo Item Staff Response
The savings estimates are laboratory tests on one reach-in freezer and one walk-in environmental unit configured to simulate conditions of a walk-in freezer and a walk-in cooler with simulated damaged and undamaged gaskets. These limited test conditions do not meet the standards for statistical, meta-statistical, or calibrated engineering methods of estimating savings. A larger sample of test conditions is required to validate the conclusions.
Designation as small saver negates the need for more primary data collection. Existing data and Professional Judgment to be used instead.
Three of the four measures are directly supported by individual laboratory test procedures as performed by Emerson Technologies. However, the savings figure for the reach-in glass doors medium temperature measure is simply estimated assuming a 67% factor of the reach-in glass door low temperature measure figures.
Designation as small saver negates the need for more primary data collection. Existing data and Professional Judgment to be used instead.
The measure definition states that the new gasket “must replace a worn or damaged gasket.” This statement is too vague since it could apply to gaskets which are effective infiltration barriers as well as those which are not. This specification should be updated as a result of investigations into the condition of baseline gaskets
Using standard Hand Test. “If a hand can be placed through a gasket and a tear is 6” and greater, the gasket is considered damaged.”
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Staff Highlighted Areas• Changed measure spec to include “hand test”
to determine eligibility• Door open times
– Two sources exist for door open times, with varying results
• Gasket baseline– Many stores found to maintain gaskets outside
program; professional judgment needed
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Door Open Times
• Two studies provide different results on door open times
• Recommend using combination of both results– Weighted by ‘n’ in each sample
*Note: Using only PECI data for Low-temp walk-in since none metered in ADM study. Mean and median of those 4 sites is around 4.5%.
PECI ADM Combined
n Mean (Door Open) n Mean (Door Open) Mean (Door Open)
Low Temp Reach In 14 12.2% 46 2.8% 5.0%Medium Temp Reach In 5 0.4% 90 3.8% 3.6%Low Temp Walk In 4 4.5% - - 4.5%Medium Temp Walk In 15 14.9% 14 34.3% 24.3%
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Gasket Baseline• ADM study indicates high replacement rate even without
maintenance contracts (12 out of 71 had contracts)• Professional judgment needed on interpreting results
Table J‐3. Frequency of Maintaining Door Gaskets
Frequency of Maintenance Count PercentPercent (Re-sample)
Often 31 53% 58%Sporadically 11 19% 21%No 11 19% 21%Don't know 3 5% 0%Refused/Not Applicable 3 5% 0%Total 59 100% 100%
Table J‐5. Elapsed Years to Maintaining Gaskets
Years Count PercentPercent (Re-sample)
At least once a year 3 7% 8%Less than 2 years 5 12% 13%2 to 3 years 19 44% 48%3 to 4 years 7 16% 18%4 to 5 years 2 5% 5%More than 5 years 4 9% 10%Don't know 3 7% 0%Total 43 100% 100%
Source: Commercial Facilities Contract Group 2006-2008 Direct Impact Evaluation Study ID: PUC0016.03 Volume 3 of 3 HIM Appendices
79% 68% 53%
100%-53% = 47% de-rating factor
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Gasket Baseline
• Recommend applying Maintenance Adjustment Rate to savings estimate based on ADM evaluation findings– Accounts for gasket replacement being done in
grocery stores without maintenance contracts• Recommend restricting measure to stores
without maintenance contracts in place– If program did not check for maintenance contracts,
Maintenance Adjustment Rate would change from 47% -> 39%
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Savings, Cost, & Cost Effectiveness
• Go to the following sections in the Presentation tab in the proposed measure workbook:– Measure savings– Measure costs– Measure TRC B/C ratios
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RTF Staff Recommendation• Use the combined study samples to estimate
door open times• Restrict the measure to stores without
maintenance contracts• Incorporate the Maintenance Adjustment Rate• Approve the ‘Door Gaskets’ UES measure as a
“Small Saver”• Set the measure status to “Active”• Set the sunset date to June, 2019
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Proposed Decision
“I _______________ move that the RTF:
• Use the combined study samples to estimate door open times
• Restrict the measure to stores without maintenance contracts
• Incorporate the Maintenance Adjustment Rate
• Approve the ‘Door Gaskets’ measure as a “Small Saver” UES;
• Set the measure status to ‘Active;’ and
• Set the sunset date to June, 2019.”
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Door Auto Closer on walk-ins and reach-ins
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Measure Overview
• What does it do?– Installs a new Door Auto Closer on existing walk-in
or reach-in case that either has one that is broken or does not have one at all
– Savings occur from:• Runtime reduction on refrigeration system• Load reduction on store HVAC heating system
– Assuming grocery stores heat most of the year
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Recommendation Memo ItemsRecommendation Memo Item Staff Response
The amount of time that doors are normally unintentionally left ajar, the Doorway Open Time Factor, is set at 25% of daily hours for all four measures. This assumption needs to be based on measured data.
Small Saver negates the need to collect primary data. Door open time based on ADM study and PECI measured data from gasket test as a baseline. Professional judgment will be needed for reduction in door open time.
The savings figure for the reach-in glass doors medium temperature measure is estimated assuming a 66% factor of the reach-in glass door low temperature measure figures. Support with data.
Small saver negates need to collect primary data. Professional Judgment will be used.
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Staff Highlighted Areas• Unintentional door open time
– Based on professional judgment only
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Unintentional Door Open Time
• Value is meant to represent time door is left unintentionally open– Not the same as door open/close times for
accessing product• Use gasket study open times as a reality test
Weighted average of all sites Mean
Minutes open per day
Autocloser reduction in
unintentional time left open
Minutes unintentionally
left open per day
Hours unintentionally
left open per day
Low-temp Reach-in Avg. 5.0% 71 25.0% 18 0.3
Med-temp Reach-in Avg. 3.6% 52 25.0% 13 0.2
Low-temp Walk-in Avg. 4.5% 64 25.0% 16 0.3
Med-temp Walk-in Avg. 24.3% 350 25.0% 87 1.5
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Savings, Cost, & Cost Effectiveness
• Go to the following sections in the Presentation tab in the proposed measure workbook:– Measure savings– Measure costs– Measure TRC B/C ratios
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RTF Staff Recommendation• Maintain door open time estimate of 25%• Approve the ‘Door Auto Closer’ UES measure
as a “Small Saver”• Set the measure status to “Active”• Set the sunset date to June, 2019
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Proposed Decision
“I _______________ move that the RTF:
• Approve the ‘Door Auto Closer’ measure as a “Small Saver” UES;
• Set the measure status to ‘Active;’ and
• Set the sunset date to June, 2019.”
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Strip Curtains on Walk-ins
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Measure Overview
• What does it do?– Installs a strip curtain on a walk-in freezer or
cooler where none existed before (so my picture was a little misleading)
– Savings occur from:• Load reduction of refrigeration system• Load reduction on store HVAC heating system
– Assuming grocery stores heat most of the year
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Recommendation Memo ItemsRecommendation Memo Item Staff Response
The measure definition should clarify whether or not the measure applies to walk-in units with loading dock exterior doors. The average environmental temperatures used in the ADM HIM report apparently include some fraction of exterior spaces.
The HVAC interaction factor has a small impact on savings. However infiltration air is large. Professional judgment needed.
Research Plan called for the collection of Time Door Open per Day for both pre- and post-installation periods to ensure the savings calculations account for any post installation variation in door open times. Results were presented from metering in August 2011, which showed that the results were not statistically significant. New data is needed.
Should we use non-statistically significant data for this parameter? Professional judgment needed.
The values for the Temperature of Surroundings parameter, which are found on the “Assumptions” worksheets for the various building types, need to be based on regional measured data.
If limited to walk-ins that no exterior doors, likely that surrounding temperatures are similar in CA grocery stores compared to the PNW.
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Staff Highlighted Areas• Temperature of Surroundings Parameter
– Some walk-ins open to unconditioned spaces– No adjustment for PNW compared to CA
• Strip Curtain Takeback– Do door open times increase after strip curtains
are installed• Strip Curtain baseline
– Many stores found to maintain strip curtains outside program; professional judgment needed
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Temperature of Surroundings
• Used to determine infiltration air temp• A small swing of infiltration temp produces a large swing
in savings– Savings increase as infiltration temp increases
• ADM study results use storage area temps in respective establishments– These include some indoor and unconditioned zones
• No easy way to access ADM data on climate zone weightings to discern % or outdoor/indoor walk-ins used
• Recommend limiting measure eligibility to walk-ins that open to conditioned spaces only– Likely that storage areas/grocery stores same in PNW and CA
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Strip Curtain Takeback
• Door open time is a primary determinant• No statistical data on door open times
– Definitely none for strip curtain post-install• Some evidence does suggest significant
takeback can occur
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Strip Curtain Takeback
PECI Data- Cooler (n=10)
PECI Data- Freezer (n=3)
CPUC Data- Cooler (n=14)
CPUC Data- Freezer (n=9)
BPA Data- Cooler (n=10)
BPA Data- Freezer (n=4)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Pre
Post
Door
Ope
n Ti
me
(Min
/Day
)
August 2011 RTF presentation
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Strip Curtain Takeback
December 2007 BPA M&V presentation
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Strip Curtain Takeback• Effect of adjusted post-install times on savings
• Range of 9% -> 20% savings difference
Cooler walk-in door
Freezer walk-in door
Cooler walk-in door
Freezer walk-in door
Cooler walk-in door
Freezer walk-in door
Cooler walk-in door
-
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
160% increase in post-install Door open times
Current Door Open Time Increased Door Open Time
Savi
ngs (
kWh/
yr/s
qft)
Cooler walk-in Freezer walk-in Cooler walk-in Freezer walk-in Cooler walk-in Freezer walk-in Cooler walk-inPre-install door open time (mins) 45 38 38 9 132 102 494
Post-install door open time (mins) 72 61 61 14 211 163 790
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Strip Curtain Takeback
• Recommend incorporating some level of takeback in estimate– BPA single case study shows ~160% in post case
• No significant data on this estimate• Up to RTF professional judgment
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Strip Curtain Baseline• Similar to gaskets: Many stores already doing maintenance
regardless of contracts• Professional judgment needed on interpreting results
Source: Commercial Facilities Contract Group 2006-2008 Direct Impact Evaluation Study ID: PUC0016.03 Volume 3 of 3 HIM Appendices
65% 76% 49%
100%-49% = 51% de-rating factor
Table K‐4 Respondents Reporting That They Do Maintenance
Frequency of Maintenance Count Percent
Percent (Re-sample)
Yes 20 61% 65%No 11 33% 35%Don't know 2 6% 0%Total 33 100% 100%
Table K‐5. Frequency of Maintaining Strip Curtains
Years Frequency Percent
Percent (Re-sample)
At least once a year 8 40% 47%Less than 2 years 1 5% 6%2 to 3 years 4 20% 24%3 to 4 years 2 10% 12%More than 5 years 2 10% 12%Don't know 1 5% 0%Refused/Don't Know 2 10% 0%Total 20 100% 100%
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Savings, Cost, & Cost Effectiveness
• Go to the following sections in the Presentation tab in the proposed measure workbook:– Measure savings– Measure costs– Measure TRC B/C ratios
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RTF Staff Recommendation• Takeback effect has a very large a swing in
savings and very little data to support it.– Even as a small saver, savings my be vastly different
than expected– If you increase door open times enough, savings
can drop to zero (or beyond)• Staff recommends deactivating measure unless
some data can be used to support post-install door open times
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Proposed Decision
“I _______________ move that the RTF:
• Deactivate the ‘Strip curtains’ UES measure.