OSHA LOGGING OVERVIEW - · PDF fileOSHA LOGGING OVERVIEW OSHA ... 1994, or ANSI Z89.1-1969 if purchased before July 5, 1994). Hearing Protection Requirements Requirements are found

Logging Safety 1

OSHA LOGGING OVERVIEW

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (or Act)Act)Applies to all employers (regardless of number of employees)Ensures employers conform to workplace safety standardsGuarantees employees right to a safe workplaceGuarantees employees right to a safe workplaceStandards first implemented in 1972, Logging standard in 1995

Logging Safety 2

OSHA Compliance

Inform workers of rightsMaintain a safe workplace

fIdentify hazardsImplement procedures to minimize hazards (training, job procedures, re-engineering, and PPE)

Comply with specific regulationsGeneral standard – All industriesLogging standard – anything that appears to be loggingAny other standard that may apply, Mill standards (unloading)

Reporting epo gForms if more than 10 employeesFatalities or 3 or more people injured in the same event

Overview

Commonly cited standardsPPETrainingOSHA standard

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Logging Inspections

In Alabama 43 total in last 10 yearsOver 9400 total in that timeOver 9400 total in that time

Accident: In response to OSHA reported accident (27)Planned: Random selection of firms with more than 10 employees (6)Followup: Inspect performance regarding p p p g gviolations from a previous inspection (4)Complaint and Referral: Inspection resulting from complaint to or contact with OSHA (4)

Logging Industry CitationsName Standard Standard Inspections

(%)Penalties (%)

Logging 1910.0266 62 58Electrical 1910.0303 Wiring 21 4

1910.0305 Wiring 15 2Machines,tools

1910.0212 Guarding, etc 17 3

1910.0253 Gas cutting 13 41910.0215 Abrasive wheels 9 31910 0242 Hand tools 8 21910.0242 Hand tools 8 21910.0212 Slings 6 -1910.0178 Fork lifts 4 -

Fire protection 1910.0157 Fire ext. 6 -

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Logging Industry Citations

Name Standard Citations (%)

Penalties (%)

Hazardcommunication

1910.1200 15 2

Safe workplace Section 5 13 6

Buildings 1910.0022 Floors, surfaces 6 11910.0037 Exits 6 -

Medical 1910.0151 First aid 4 -Records 1904 0029 Forms 4Records 1904.0029 Forms 4 -

1904.0032 Summary 2 -Noise 1910.0095 Exposure 2 -

Logging Industry Citations

Other issuesPPEPPEHazardous materials: Fuels, Solvents, Compressed gassesLockout/TagoutIllness: Dust exposureBl db thBloodborne pathogens

Logging Safety 5

Head Protection Hard hats must be worn

when overhead hazards are presenthazards are present. The hard hats must comply with ANSI standards. Check for an ANSI label inside the hat.

(Subpart I, ANSI Z89.1-1986, if purchased after July 5, 1994, or ANSI Z89.1-1969 if purchased before July 5, 1994).

Hearing Protection Requirements

Requirements are found in 1910.95. Pay particular attention to

it i th i l lmonitoring the noise levels employees are exposed to.

The level will determine whether a hearing conservation program should be implemented.

Basic elements of a hearing conservation plan are providing audiograms training employeesaudiograms, training employees, and providing hearing protection at no cost to the employee.

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Must be worn where there is potential for injury to the eyes or f

Eye/Face Protection

face. Logger type mesh screens are

adequate eye and face protection for chain saw operators.

The protective equipment must comply with ANSI standards ((Subpart I, ANSI Z87.1-1989 if purchased after July 5, 1994, or ANSI Z87.1-1968 if purchased before July 5, 1994).

Leg ProtectionChain saw operators must wear leg

protection constructed with cut-resistant material.

The leg protection must extend from the upper thigh down to the boot top and adequately cover the leg.

• Available in a variety of forms, including chaps, logger pants, and leggings.

• Protective material includes ballistic nylon, polyester, Kevlar, Engtek, etc.

• Underwriters Laboratories (UL) currently tests and labels leg protection

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Foot Protection

Employees must wear heavy duty logging boots that are waterproof or water repellant, and cover andor water repellant, and cover and provide support to the ankle.

For employee that use a chain saw, the footwear must be constructed with cut-resistant material that will protect against chainsaw contact

Calk soled boots are acceptable when they are required for the employee's job.

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) currently tests and labels foot protection

Hand Protection

Employees who handleEmployees who handle wire rope are required to wear hand protection that protects against puncture wounds, cuts, and lacerations.

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Training

Employer is responsible for ensuring that each employee caneach employee can

Properly and safely perform the work tasks and Operate the tools, equipment, machines, and vehicles used in their job.

Training

Employees who need remedial training or job task change training are required to worktask change training are required to work under the close supervision of a designated person until the employee demonstrates to the employer the ability to safely perform their duties independently.

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Training

All training must be conducted in a manner that is understandable to the employeesthat is understandable to the employees receiving it and it must be given by a designated person.

Training

The employer must prepare a written certification record to document the trainingcertification record to document the training given to employees.

Employee nameTraining date(s)Signature of trainer (or employer)

The most recent certification must be kept on file.

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Training

The employer must hold safety and health meetings at least monthly for each employeemeetings at least monthly for each employee.

Training

The employer must provide training for each employee and supervisor :employee and supervisor :

Prior to initial assignment; When assigned new work tasks, tools, equipment, machines, or vehicles; andWhenever they demonstrate unsafe job performance.performance.

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Training Must Include

Safe use, operation, and maintenance of tools, machines, and vehicles the employee usesac es, a d e c es t e e p oyee usesUnderstanding and following the manufacturer’s operating and maintenance instructions and warnings.Recognition of safety and health hazards associated with the employees specific work tasks …

Including the use of work practices and other measures toIncluding the use of work practices and other measures to prevent or control these hazards.

Recognition, prevention, and control of other safety and health hazards in the logging industry.

Logging General Requirements

Loggers must be provided with and wear:Heavy duty logging boots that are waterHeavy-duty logging boots that are water-resistant and support the ankles Hard hats (if overhead hazards exist)Eye Protection (falling/flying objects)Leg protection (chainsaw operators)

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First Aid Kits

Specific contents (page 4)S i bl ditiServiceable condition

How many?Work site with fellingEach landingEach transport vehicleIf someone is isolated they may need one

Vehicles

Over the road as opposed to “machines”O d t t t l if “ ff d”Or used to transport people even if “off road”

Inspection and repairValid licenseSeats, steps, handholds, seatbelts

Present secure accessiblePresent, secure, accessible

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Machine Design

Requirements for machine design and testing specifiedspecified

ROPS/FOPSSeat beltsCabin guardingDoor size and numberDeflectorsExhaust and mufflersBrakes, Park transmissions

Machine operation

Daily inspection and repairS t b lt M t b d i hi l dSeat belts: Must be used in vehicles and machines with ROPS/FOPS, maintained not removedFire extinguisher on all machines and vehiclesFlammable liquids cannot be transported in

t bioperators cabinMachines shut off during refueling, or safe fueling procedures

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Machine operation

Operated by designated person onlyWork within rated limitsWork within rated limitsRiders only in seats providedMachines shut down with parking brake engaged and implements grounded, pressure discharged from systemsVi ibilit th h i d (di t k )Visibility through windows (dirt, cracks)Steps and platforms kept cleanGuarding kept in place and maintained

Working Conditions/Hazards

Go to safe place during hazardous conditions (storms fires wind darkness)(storms, fires wind, darkness)Maintain audible or visual contactAccount for each person at the end of the shiftDanger trees felled removed or avoided toDanger trees felled removed or avoided to minimize exposure

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Working Conditions/Hazards

Log deck/pile constructed so pile is stable, allows safe movementallows safe movementSpacing between work areas to minimize hazards (2 tree lengths) given conditionsFuel in approved containersGuarding to protect operators from pinch/nipGuarding to protect operators from pinch/nip points, flying debris (chipping, delimbing, bucking)

Loading and Unloading

Clearance between the truck, loader, and pileAll non essential people clear of the areaAll non-essential people clear of the areaDriver should not remain in cabLog placement and positionUnstable logs securedTie down tight before moving, check tension en routeMill standards cover unloading at mills

1910.0265

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Bucking and Limbing

Buck on uphill side if chance of sliding or rollingrolling

Chock/support when not possibleObserve conditions to minimize hazards from tree movement

In Woods Chipping

Maintain chipper guardingCCoversDoorsDischarge points

Chipper shut down and locked out before maintenance

CFR 1910.0147

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Power Lines

Loader operated with a 10 ft clearance (<=50 kV)If voltage > than 50kV increase clearance by 4 in forIf voltage > than 50kV, increase clearance by 4 in. for every 10kV over 50Apply to extremity of loadRight of way usually beyond minimum clearance

Hand/Power Tools

Daily inspectionWell maintainedUsed for intended purposesGood fitting handles and guardsSecured in machines or vehicles

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Manual Felling

Felling procedureClear brush/obstaclesClear brush/obstaclesDetermine retreat pathExamine tree hazards and planUndercut must be made, small enough so tree will not splitBackcut

to allow sufficient hinge to guide tree to groundto allow sufficient hinge to guide tree to groundAt or above the height of the undercut

Domino felling prohibitedConsider slope in felling plan

OSHA Hand and Power Tools

Tools must be used for the purpose intended, and must be inspected before use on all shiftsmust be inspected before use on all shifts.Chainsaws (put into service after 2/9/95) must have:

Chain brake

Chainsaws (put into service before 2/9/95) must have:

Low or reduced kickback chain, or Bar chip cover (over end), orReduced kickback guide bar.

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OSHA Chainsaw Features

Meet ANSI B175.1-1991MufflerMinimize kick back: chainbrake, nose shield, low kick back chainThrottle lock, chain stops when throttle disengageddisengagedAll safety features in place, functional

Chain catcher

Chainsaw Operation

Fueling of saws must be at least 20 feet away from fire or other ignition sourcefrom fire or other ignition sourceSaws must be started at least 10 feet away from the fueling areaSaws must be started:

With the chain break engaged.Firmly supported (no drop-starting)

Not used to cut directly overheadShut off or set chain brake, release throttle before the feller starts his/her retreat

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Chainsaw Operation

Good footing, body positionHands around handlesCarried to avoid contact with muffler or chainShut off, chain brake on or at idle during retreatChain saw off or chain brake on when movingChain saw off or chain brake on when moving more than 50 ft

Hazardous Communication

Written programContainers labeledMSDS for each chemicalTraining program

Explanation of MSDS information MSDS contentsMSDS contents

Loss control 3 www.loggingsafety.com

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Reporting and Record Keeping

Report fatalities and multiple injuries within 8 hours to OSHAto OSHAInjury and illness reports/summaries if more than 10 employees, posting requirement

OSHA Forms 300, 300A, 301

Training recordsEmployee, FA/CPR, Safety meetings, Haz. Comm.p y y g

Safety program documentationMaintenance and inspection recordsPermits/Certificates for specific equipment

Fatality Reporting

Area office or 1-800-321-OSHA E t bli h tEstablishment nameLocation of the incidentTime of the incidentNumber of fatalities or hospitalized employeesNames of any injured employeesy j p yYour contact person and his/her phone numberBrief description of the incident.

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Alabama Contacts

ComplianceMobileMobile

(251) 441-6131Birmingham

(205) 731-1534

OSHA Inspections

Search by businesshtt // h / l /i i / t bli h t ht lhttp://www.osha.gov/pls/imis/establishment.html

Search by SIC code, Logging = 2411 http://www.osha.gov/pls/imis/industry.html

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State OSHA

OSHA maybe enforced at state levelAl b F d l f tAlabama: Federal enforcement

Workplace safety resourcesSafestate

http://alabamasafestate.ua.edu/safe_state_osha.htmConsultation services to small business

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Workers Compensation

Alabama standardsNo fault coverage for workplace accidentso au t co e age o o p ace acc de tsGuidelines for coverage and benefitsStandards/exceptions for coverageAcceptable coverage in place of WC

Neighboring states standards maybe differentIndustry rates set by NCCI

Examine loss history by industryExamine loss history by industryDetermines rates from claims

Liability protection from contractors and their employees increases desire to mandate WC