OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH Dipl. Eng. Luca Zordan Release 06_2014
Nov 28, 2014
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACHDipl. Eng. Luca Zordan
Release 06_2014
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
INTRODUCTION - SCOP
As is known SCOP (Seasonal Coefficient of Performance) describes
the heat pump's average annual efficiency performance.
SCOP is therefore an expression for how efficient a specific heat
pump will be for a given heating demand profile, so in a specific
geographical area.
More precisely, it’s defined two different types of SCOP: SCOPon and
SCOPnet.
Next slides will show the right definition, but take note the first one
(SCOPon) takes into account the contribution - in terms of energy
consumption - of any additional electrical heaters.
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
INTRODUCTION - Bivalent Temperature
In addition, we have to remember the meaning of «Bivalent
Temperature». The point where the heat pump's capacity
corresponds exactly to the heating demand is known as the bivalent
point. At temperatures below the bivalent point, the heat pump's
capacity has to be supplemented by backup heating. In the SCOP
calculation this is included as pure electric heating with a COP value
of 1, regardless of whether or not the heat pump has an electric
heating element. For higher temperatures the heat pump will run in
part load, which SCOP also takes into account. These conditions are
illustrated in the figure below
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
INTRODUCTION - Bivalent Temperature
Tdesign T [˚C]
kWPdesign
A (-7˚C) B (2˚C) C (7˚C) D (12˚C)
88%
54%
35%
15%
Tbivalent
Electric Backup
Part load
Capacity
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
SCOPE
It’s not the purpose of this presentation to explain how to calculate
seasonal coefficients of performance,
BUT THE QUESTIONS ARE:
- considering a given design temperature, it’s better to select a
large heat pump or it’s better a smaller with electrical heater in
addition?
- What is the tool that guides us in an energy-conscious
selection?
I TRIED TO REPLY THESE QUESTIONS INTRODUCING A NEW
APPROACH BASED ON SCOPon.
Enjoy your
reading!
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
APPLICATION: OFFICE BUILDING
LOCATION:Milan (Italy)
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
Working Days
SaturdaySunday & holudays
OPERATING TIMES
ON OFF
OPEN
CLOSE
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
APPLICATION: OFFICE BUILDING
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
Daytime
Night
Temperature (°C)
Temperature (°C)
Hou
rsU
R %
Annual Operating
Hours Daytime
2670
Hours Night 291
Totale Hours 2961
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
APPLICATION: HOTEL
LOCATION:Milan (Italy)
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
Working Days
SaturdaySunday & holudays
OPERATING TIMES
ON OFF
OPEN
CLOSE
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
APPLICATION: HOTELS
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
Daytime
Night
Temperature (°C)
Hou
rsU
R %
Temperature (°C)
Annual Operating
Hours Daytime
4116
Hours Night 4116
Totale Hours 8232
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
CITY OF MILAN
CALCULATION OF SEASONAL PERFORMANCE (SCOPon) WITH
REFERENCE TO UNI EN 14825
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
Outdoor Temperature
Water temperature supplied
Partial Load Ration (PLR)
Heating Building Capacity
(°C) (°C) % kW TOL -15 45
JDESIGN -5 45 100% 58,0 A -7 45 - 63,5 B 2 45 67% 38,7 C 7 45 43% 24,9 D 12 45 19% 11,0 Tbalance 16 0% 0,0
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
CITY OF MILAN
SELECTION OF AIR/WATER HEAT PUMP SERIES “BLUE BOX_GEYSER
2 HT”, DEPENDING ON DIFFERENT BIVALENT TEMPERATURE.
It’s been selected No. 5 different bivalent temperatures:
-5°C / -2°C / 0°C / +2°C / +5°C
Resulting in selection No. 5 different sizes of Heat Pump: Geyser 2 HT 90
Geyser 2 HT 70
Geyser 2 HT 60
Geyser 2 HT 50
Geyser 2 HT 32
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
CITY OF MILAN
SELECTION OF HEAT PUMP SERIES “BLUE BOX_GEYSER 2 HT”
DEPENDING ON BIVALENT TEMPERATURE.
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
Heating Capacity of Heat Pump
JBIV = -5 JBIV = -2 JBIV = 0 JBIV = 2 JBIV = 5
Geyser 2 HT 90 Geyser 2 HT 70 Geyser 2 HT 60 Geyser 2 HT 50 Geyser 2 HT 32
[kW]PTOL [kW] 48,9 36,5 32,0 27,3 19,6
COPTOL 2,36 2,22 2,29 2,36 2,20PBIV [kW] 60,5 48,4 44,4 38,4 29,5COPBIV 2,84 2,90 3,11 3,21 3,35PA [kW] 58,1 43,7 38,4 32,2 23,4
COPBIV,A 2,75 2,62 2,71 2,74 2,63PB [kW] 70,0 52,4 46,2 38,4 27,9
COPBIV,B 3,24 3,14 3,24 3,21 3,16PC [kW] 77,4 57,7 51,1 42,3 30,7
COPBIV,C 3,57 3,47 3,58 3,53 3,50PD [kW] 85,5 63,3 56,3 46,5 33,6
COPBIV,D 3,92 3,84 3,95 3,82 3,84
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
SCOPon: DEFINITION
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
CITY OF MILAN
CALCULATION OF “SCOPon” (Bin-method, Cfr. EN 14825)
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
CITY OF MILAN
CALCULATION OF “SCOPon” FOR EACH HEAT PUMP SIZE
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
Annual Heating demand of the building
Annual Heat Pump Capacity
Annual power input with electrical heater
Annual power input without electrical heater
Annual Heating demand of the building
Annual Heat Pump Capacity
Annual power input with electrical heater
Annual power input without electrical heater
kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh35.427 35.427 12.584 12.584 54.368 54.368 19.306 19.306
SCOPon SCOPnet SCOPon SCOPnet
2,82 2,82 2,82 2,82
35.427 35.331 12.161 12.065 54.368 54.260 18.620 18.512
SCOPon SCOPnet SCOPon SCOPnet
2,91 2,93 2,92 2,93
35.427 34.922 11.810 11.306 54.368 53.745 18.001 17.378
SCOPon SCOPnet SCOPon SCOPnet
3,00 3,09 3,02 3,09
35.427 33.942 12.292 10.807 54.368 52.313 18.691 16.636
SCOPon SCOPnet SCOPon SCOPnet
2,88 3,14 2,91 3,14
35.427 30.255 14.522 9.350 54.368 46.746 22.044 14.422
SCOPon SCOPnet SCOPon SCOPnet
2,44 3,24 2,47 3,24
UFFICI HOTELOFFICE BUILDING
HOTEL
ITEM 1
ITEM 2
ITEM 3
ITEM 4
ITEM 5
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
CITY OF MILAN - RESULT
-5 -2 0 2 51
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
2.82 2.91 3.00 2.882.44
Annual Power Input with Electrical heater and SCOPon
Annual Power Input with Elect heater SCOP_on
MW
h/ye
ar
• Point of Minimum Energy
consumption
• Point of Maximum SCOPon
value
Application : OFFICE BUILGING
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
MAIN RESULT
Applying this analytical “SCOPon” approach, with reference to
the obtained datas it is clear that the selection energetically
more convenient is on model GEYSER 2 HT 60, in
correspondence of a bivalent temperature Tbiv = 0°C
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
CITY OF MILAN – COMBINED RESULTS: OFFICE BUILDING &
HOTEL
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
MAIN NOTE
This is an analytical method that could be applied to optimize
the heat pump selection. However, it’s essentially defined for
winter heating. In the Italy area, the application of the reversible
heat pump (for combined use in summer and winter) is much
preferred and used in respect to "just heating" applications.
The strong sensible and latent loads in our "beautiful country"
during summer, heavily influence the selection of the size of the
unit.
OPTIMIZED SELECTION OF A HEAT PUMP FOR THE CITY 'OF MILAN, USING “SCOPon” APPROACH
Luca ZordanRelease 06_2014
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION