OOIIrrad Software Manual

OOIIrrad

OOIIrrad-C Irradiance/Color Operating Software

Installation and Operation Manual Document Number 000-20000-070-02-0905

Offices: Ocean Optics, Inc. 830 Douglas Avenue, Dunedin, FL, USA 34698 Phone 727.733.2447 Fax 727.733.3962 8 a.m.– 8 p.m. (Mon-Thu), 8 a.m.– 6 p.m. (Fri) EST

Ocean Optics B.V. (Europe) Geograaf 24, 6921 EW DUIVEN, The Netherlands Phone 31-(0)26-3190500 F ax 31-(0)26-3190505

E-mail: [email protected] (General sales inquiries)

[email protected] (European sales inquiries) [email protected] (Questions about orders) [email protected] (Technical support)

Copyright © 2001-2005 Ocean Optics, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from Ocean Optics, Inc. This manual is sold as part of an order and subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated without the prior consent of Ocean Optics, Inc. in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published. Trademarks Microsoft, Windows, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP and Excel are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Limit of Liability Every effort has been made to make this manual as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information provided is on an “as is” basis. Ocean Optics, Inc. shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this manual.

Table of Contents About This Manual .......................................................................................................... iii

Document Purpose and Intended Audience ............................................................................. iiiWhat's New in This Document .................................................................................................. iii Document Summary.................................................................................................................. iii Product-Related Documentation ............................................................................................... iv

Upgrades......................................................................................................................... iv

Chapter 1: OOIIrrad-C Overview........................................................1

Chapter 2: Installation and Start-up ..................................................3

Overview.......................................................................................................................... 3 Installing the OOIIrrad-C Software .................................................................................. 3 Starting the OOIIrrad-C Software Application.................................................................. 8

Chapter 3: Controls and Menus.........................................................9

OOIColor/OOIIrrad Screen Controls................................................................................ 9 Spectral Graph Mode Control.................................................................................................... 9 Dark and Reference Sample Controls ...................................................................................... 11 Magnification Controls ............................................................................................................... 11 Cursor Information Controls ...................................................................................................... 12 Cursor Move Controls ............................................................................................................... 13 Specific Cursor Information ....................................................................................................... 13 Cursor Display Controls ............................................................................................................ 13 Channel Parameters ................................................................................................................. 15 Scan Controls ............................................................................................................................ 15 Analysis Control......................................................................................................................... 15 Graph Counts Display ............................................................................................................... 16

OOIColor/OOIIrrad Screen Menu Functions ................................................................... 17 Irradiance Calibration/Relative Irradiance/Color Screen Menu Functions....................... 21

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Table of Contents

Chapter 4: Configuration....................................................................29

Overview.......................................................................................................................... 29 Configuring Hardware Parameters .................................................................................. 29 Configuring Spectrometer Parameters ............................................................................ 30

Channels Tab ............................................................................................................................ 31 Log/Chart Tab............................................................................................................................ 34 Timing Tab................................................................................................................................. 35 General Tab............................................................................................................................... 36 Peak Measurements Tab .......................................................................................................... 37 Irradiance Measurements Tab .................................................................................................. 39 Color Measurements Tab.......................................................................................................... 41

Chapter 5: Calibration.........................................................................43

Overview.......................................................................................................................... 43 Calibrating Absolute Irradiance ....................................................................................... 43

Absolute Irradiance Calibration Using a Provided Cal File ....................................................... 44Absolute Irradiance Calibration Using a Calibration Lamp ....................................................... 44Combining UV and VIS Calibrations ......................................................................................... 50

Calibrating Relative Irradiance ........................................................................................ 52

Chapter 6: Taking Measurements......................................................55

Overview.......................................................................................................................... 55 Absolute Irradiance Measurements................................................................................. 55 Relative Irradiance Measurements.................................................................................. 57 Color Measurements ....................................................................................................... 57 Saving Data..................................................................................................................... 60

Appendix A: Menu Structure..............................................................61

Index.....................................................................................................65

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About This Manual

Document Purpose and Intended Audience This document provides you with information to get your OOIIrrad-C software up and running.

What’s New in This Document This version of the OOIIrrad-C Irradiance/Color Operating Software Installation and Operation Manual adds instructions for using a .cal file provided by Ocean Optics.

Document Summary Chapter Description

Chapter 1: OOIIrrad-C Overview Introduces the product features.

Chapter 2: Installation and Start-up Contains information for installing and starting your OOIIrrad-C application.

Chapter 3: Controls and Menus Contains descriptions of the controls and menus on the OOIIrrad-C screens.

Chapter 4: Configuration Provides information for configuring your OOIIrrad-C application.

Chapter 5: Calibration Contains instructions for calibrating your spectrometer for absolute irradiance, relative irradiance, and color measurements.

Chapter 6: Taking Measurements Provides procedures for taking absolute irradiance, relative irradiance, and color measurements.

Appendix A: Menu Structure Provides a schematic view of the menu hierarchy for the OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen and the Irradiance Calibration/Relative Irradiance/Color screens.

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About This Manual

Product-Related Documentation You can access documentation for Ocean Optics products by visiting our website at http://www.oceanoptics.com. Select Technical → Operating Instructions, then choose the appropriate document from the available drop-down lists. Or, use the Search by Model Number field at the bottom of the web page.

You can also access operating instructions for Ocean Optics products on the Software and Technical Resources CD included with the system.

Engineering-level documentation is located on our website at Technical → Engineering Docs.

Upgrades Occasionally, you may find that you need Ocean Optics to make a change or an upgrade to your system. To facilitate these changes, you must first contact Customer Support and obtain a Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number. Please contact Ocean Optics for specific instructions when returning a product.

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http://www.oceanoptics.com/

Chapter 1

OOIIrrad-C Overview The OOIIrrad-C software application provides spectroradiometric functionality for your Ocean Optics Charge Couple Device (CCD)-based spectrometer. A CCD-based spectrometer is an instrument that breaks light into its components using a grating and then measures the intensity at different wavelengths (using the CCD).

Different gratings are available for use in different systems. These gratings have varying efficiencies. The following figure illustrates a few of the common gratings used.

The curves show what typical scans look like when an ideal light of even intensities across the spectrum is split into its wavelength components using these gratings.

In addition to grating efficiency curves, there is also an issue with the CCD’s sensitivity to different wavelengths. The following figure shows a typical CCD sensitivity curve.

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1: OOIIrrad-C Overview

These variations in efficiencies and sensitivities indicate that most systems are unique. In measurements such as absorbance, transmittance, reflectance, or reflectance color, the absolute response is not crucial because the nature of those measurements is based on relative measurements of light with and without a sample. A reference measurement without the sample is taken and compared with a measurement taken with the sample. With irradiance measurements, this is not possible because there is no sample that can be removed for a reference measurement. A way is needed to create a conversion from raw readings (counts) into real life measurements such as Joules and Watts. This conversion factor (calibration) is created by the OOIIrrad-C application.

With OOIIrrad-C, you can obtain photopic data (in either lumens or lux per unit area) based on a CIE standard visibility curve. You can also control the parameters for all system and display functions, such as data acquisition, graph display, and cursor configuration. In addition, you can create a spreadsheet display of lamp output intensity by wavelength, providing an easy way to chart and analyze acquired data.

The OOIIrrad-C application is under constant update and improvement. You can obtain free updates at http://www.oceanoptics.com/software_updates.asp. OOIIrrad-C is password protected; you need the password located on the back of your Ocean Optics CD to install the program.

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Chapter 2

Installation and Start-up

Overview This section provides the procedure for installing the OOIIrrad-C software on your computer. It alsocontains information for starting up the application for the first time.

Installing the OOIIrrad-C Software To install the OOIIrrad-C software, your PC must meet the following requirements:

• 100 MHz Pentium

• 32 MB RAM

• Windows 95 or later operating system

• Administrative rights on Windows 2000 and XP Pro

► Procedure

1. Close all other applications running on the PC.

2. Start the OOIIrrad-C installation process from either the Software and Technical Resources CD or the Ocean Optics website.

Installing from CD a. Insert the Software and Technical Resources CD containing the OOIIrrad-C software. The

CD interface automatically launches.

b. Click on Install Ocean Optics Software.

c. Click on Application Software.

d. Click on OOIIrrad-C Operating Software. The installation process begins.

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2: Installation and Start-up

Installing from the Web a. Go to http://www.oceanoptics.com/technical/softwaredownloads.asp.

b. Right-click on OOIIrrad-C Operating Software and select Save Target As… to download the executable to your machine.

c. Double-click on the downloaded file. The installation process begins and the Welcome screen appears.

3. Click Next. The Choose Destination Location screen appears.

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4. Click the Browse button to customize your installation location, or click the Next button to proceed. The Backup Replaced Files screen appears.

5. Click the Yes button to back up replaced files (you are then prompted for a backup location), or click the No button to proceed. The Select Program Manager Group screen appears.

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6. Select a program manager group, and then click the Next button. The Start Installation screen appears.

7. Click the Next button to begin installation. The Password screen appears.

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8. Enter your OOIIrrad-C password here exactly as it appears on your Ocean Optics Software and Technical Resources CD. You can also call Ocean Optics for your password if you have purchased this software. Once you have entered the password, click OK.

9. Click the Finish button when the Installation Complete screen appears.

10. Click the OK button to restart your computer.

You have now installed the OOIIrrad-C software application.

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Starting the OOIIrrad-C Software Application Start the OOIIrrad-C software application by clicking the Windows Start button ( ). If you chose to keep default installation values, the software can be accessed via the Start | All Programs |Ocean Optics | OOIIrrad-C menu item. The OOIColor/OOIIrrad2 main screen appears.

After starting up the application, you must configure the type of spectrometer used in your system and the A/D options. See Chapter 4: Configuration.

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Chapter 3

Controls and Menus

OOIColor/OOIIrrad Screen Controls The OOIIrrad interface allows you to control OOIIrrad functionality through a variety of controls on the OOIColor/OOIIrrad2 main screen.

Spectral Graph Mode Control The Spectral Graph Mode (known as View Data Modes in earlier releases of OOIIrrad-C) allows you to choose the mode in which OOIIrrad-C operates and displays data. Regardless of what mode you enter, the unit of measurement for that mode is displayed along the vertical axis of the spectrum display.

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3: Controls and Menus

The following modes are available:

• Scope Mode – Allows you to completely control signal processing prior to calibrating the spectral response of your system and taking measurements. Use Scope Mode when configuring your system setup, adjusting integration times, performing spectral response calibrations, and taking dark and reference scans. In Scope Mode, OOIIrrad-C displays the raw signal transmitted from the A/D converter. Once you open OOIIrrad-C and begin data acquisition, OOIIrrad-C displays the raw signal from the detector expressed in A/D counts (the vertical axis of the screen). Use caution when operating in Scope Mode since this mode represents a combination of several factors such as the intensity of the light source, the reflectivity of the grating and mirrors in the spectrometer, the transmission quality of the fibers, the response of the detector, and the spectral characteristics of the sample.

• µW/cm^2/nm Mode (Absolute Irradiance Mode) – W/cm^2/nm Mode (or Absolute Irradiance Mode) allows you to graph the calibrated irradiance intensity of the sample being measured. You can use Absolute Irradiance Mode after you calibrate the spectral response of your system and take a dark scan (see Scope Mode). Absolute Irradiance Mode calculates the true irradiance of a spectrum, displayed in actual µW/cm^2/nm incident on the probe’s collection area.

• Reflectance Mode – Reflectance Mode is also the spectral processing mode used for transmission spectroscopy, as the math necessary to compute transmission is identical to that required for reflection. You must take both a dark and reference spectra in Scope Mode before you can access Reflection Mode.

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The reflection of a solution is calculated using the following equation:

…where Sλ is the sample intensity at wavelength λ, Dλ is the dark intensity at wavelength λ, and Rλ is the reference intensity at wavelength λ.

• Relative Irradiance Mode – Allows you to graph the irradiance intensity of the sample being measured. You can use Relative Irradiance Mode after you calibrate the spectral response of your system and take a dark scan (see Scope Mode). Relative Irradiance Mode calculates the irradiance of a spectrum in relation to other intensities measured in that spectrum.

Dark and Reference Sample Controls The Dark and Reference Sample Controls allow you to store dark and reference samples with a few clicks of the mouse.

Disable or block the light source completely when taking a dark sample. Stray light will affect the calculations OOIIrrad uses to measure your samples, and a corrupted dark sample will result in incorrect measurements.

Reference samples should be taken with the same setup used to measure samples. For example, if you are measuring a substance in water in a cuvette, your reference should be taken with the cuvette and water in place, minus the substance to measure. This allows the OOIIrrad-C to account for variations in each sampling system and calculate and display an accurate measurement.

The following Dark and Reference Sample Controls are available:

Item Description

Subtract Dark check box Once you store a dark and reference sample, you can enable this option to remove the dark values from the measured sample. Useful only in Scope Mode.

Store Dark button Brings up the Store Dark screen, which allows you to store a dark sample.

Ref button Brings up the Store Reference screen, which allows you to store a reference sample.

Magnification Controls Magnification Controls allow you to alter the manner in which the measured data is displayed.

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When the plus sign ( ) is enabled, the mouse appears as a crosshair in the main spectral window,

which allows cursor dragging when visible. When the magnifying glass ( ) is enabled, a pop-up menu appears, offering you six different ways to magnify the displayed data.

Icon Allows You To . . .

Magnify a specific area by clicking and dragging a box around the specific area.

Zoom in on the horizontal scale while leaving the vertical scale unchanged.

Zoom in on the vertical scale while leaving the horizontal scale unchanged.

Revert to the last selected zoom function.

Zoom in both vertically and horizontally. Click once to zoom out once, or click and hold to zoom out multiple times.

Zoom in both vertically and horizontally. Click once to zoom in once, or click and hold to zoom in multiple times.

Cursor Information Controls The Cursor Information Controls allow you to move the cursor in small increments and display information about the data being acquired at the current wavelength.

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Cursor Move Controls The diamond-shaped control on the left side of the Cursor Information Controls allows you to move the cursor incrementally through the acquired data, viewing wavelength-specific information at each point of the acquired data.

Click the left and right portions to move the cursor along the wavelength axis. Click the up and down portions to place the cursor on a different trace when multiple traces are present.

Specific Cursor Information The Specific Cursor Information section allows you to quickly view precise data relevant to the current position of the cursor in the spectral window.

a. Specify a name – Allows you to specify the name displayed when the Show Name option is enabled. Click directly in the box, delete the current name, and type the new cursor name.

b. Specify wavelength – Identifies the specific wavelength of the current cursor location. Cursor can be dragged across spectrum by bringing the cross-hair onto the cursor, and then clicking and dragging.

c. Current intensity – Identifies the current intensity reading of the wavelength that the cursor is currently on.

Cursor Display Controls The Cursor Display Controls allow you to configure the appearance of the cursor on the spectral window. These controls have numerous options.

a. No function – This small black button currently has no function.

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b. Cursor appearance – Allows you to configure the appearance of the cursor in the spectral window. The following submenus are available from the cursor appearance button.

Menu Item Function

Color Allows you to choose the color of the cursor in the spectral window.

Cursor Style Allows you to choose the style of cursor (crosshair, dot, etc.) in the spectral window.

Point Style Allows you to choose the center point style of the cursor (round, square) in the spectral window.

Line Style Allows you to choose the style of line (dotted, dashed, etc.) for the cursor in the spectral window.

Line Width Allows you to choose the width of the line for the cursor in the spectral window.

Show Name Displays the name specified in the Specific Cursor Information box next to the cursor in the spectral window.

Bring to Center Centers the cursor in the spectral window (both X and Y axis).

Go to Cursor Centers the cursor in the spectral window (X axis only).

c. Cursor lock – Allows you to control the motion properties of the cursor. The following options are available.

Option Function

Free Allows you to move the cursor anywhere on the spectral window.

Snap to Point Moves the cursor along the acquired data of the current plot.

Lock to Plot Locks the cursor to the currently selected plot.

Plot # Options Chooses the plot to use with the cursor controls (in a multichannel spectrometer system).

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Channel Parameters

The Channel Parameters allow you to set the following acquisition parameters for the current channel:

• Scans to Avg – The number of spectral scans averaged for each displayed spectra. This parameter affects all channels in the system. Higher values result in better signal-to-noise ratios. Signal-to-noise improves by the square root of the number of scans averaged.

• Smoothing Size – The number of adjacent pixels to average. For example, a value of 5 averages the pixel itself, 5 pixels to the left, and 5 pixels to the right. Greater values result in smoother data and higher signal-to-noise ratios. If you set the value too high, a loss in spectral resolution results. Signal-to-noise improves by the square root of the number of pixels averaged.

• Nominal Integ. Period – The time the spectrometer monitors the incoming signal. Integration time is analogous to the shutter speed of a camera. Adjust this value in Scope Mode until the peak intensity is approximately 3500 counts.

• Actual Integ. Period – This value is displayed after you enter a Nominal Integration Period and take a scan. You cannot modify this value; it changes automatically with the Nominal Integration Period. The calculation used for this value is: Nominal Integration x 1.024 milliseconds (on most A/D converters).

Scan Controls The Scan Controls allow you to configure the behavior of the scan process in OOIIrrad. The toggle switch turns the scan function on or off. Once the toggle switch is turned on, the radio buttons to the right instruct OOIIrrad to take a single scan or scan continuously until the toggle switch is turned off. Click on the toggle switch to turn it on/off.

Analysis Control The Analysis control allows you to activate analysis in a variety of methods for both irradiance and color measurements. When the Analysis control is on, OOIIrrad performs calculations pertaining the measurement you configure.

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Toggle the switch on and off to enable the Analysis control. However, before you enable the Analysis control, you must configure the spectrometer for the type of measurement you wish to obtain.

► Procedure

To configure the spectrometer,

1. Click on the Configure | Spectrometer option from the menu bar.

2. Select the Irradiance Measurements or Color Measurements tab.

3. Configure the type of measurement you wish to obtain from the options on each tab.

Display in this Window Control When the Analysis control is activated and there is more than one value to display, the values appear in separate window. However, you can select one of the values to appear in the main window to the right of the spectral window (see Graph Counts Display).

Graph Counts Display The Graph Counts display shows the raw spectral output (typically found in Scope Mode) if you are operating in a mode other than Scope Mode. It is useful to monitor the raw-data saturation condition since it will corrupt data.

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OOIColor/OOIIrrad Screen Menu Functions

Example OOIColor/OOIIrrad Screen

The OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen menu bar provides the functionality described in the following table.

Menu Shortcut Keys Description

File Provides standard Windows functions for opening, closing

Open Crtl + O Opens the selected spectral graph (.ird file).

Save Ctrl + S Saves the graph as an .ird file in the selected location with a header.

Export Crtl + X Stores the graph in the selected location.

Save irradiance as lamp file

Saves the graph as a calibration lamp (.lmp) file without a header.

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Add Header to Log File Adds an information header to the log (.txt) file defined in the Configure Spectrometer window. Logging is done with the Log Now button after log options are set. When you click this button, a dialog box appears for optional text to be logged with the data. The log file is a text-based (ASCII) file that can be accessed by any spreadsheet or text editing application.

Page Setup Displays the Page setup dialog box for you to select whether to print the header (name/date/page #), and what page margins to use. You can select to use the default margins, or enter custom margins.

Print Ctrl + P Prints the currently displayed graph.

Exit Exits the OOIIrrad-C application.

Lamp Provides functions for calibrating the system’s lamp.

Current Calibration Lamp’s Graph

Ctrl + Shift + L Displays the graph for the current calibration lamp (must be in uW/cm^2/nm mode) on the OOIColor/ OOIIrad screen. This is useful for calibration verification. Overlay the calibration lamp’s data from file over a scan of calibration lamp just after calibrating the spectrometer using the same lamp. Both should match.

Normalized Displays the View actual lamp data or blackbody curve dialog box to enter the color temperature and the value for normalization. The Lamp, normalized screen then appears with the requested graph.

Enable Strobe Ctrl + N Enables or disables the spectrometer strobe control function by toggling the spectrometer’s S0 line. A √ mark appears by the menu item when the strobe is enabled. Useful for turning compatible lamps on and off.

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Configure Provides options for configuring the hardware and spectrometer in your system.

Hardware Ctrl + F8 Enables you to specify the spectrometer and A/D converter you are using with your OOIIrrad-C application (see Configuring Hardware Parameters).

Spectrometer Ctrl + F7 Enables you to configure the spectrometer for your sampling system in the OOIIrrad-C application (see Configuring Spectrometer Parameters).

Calibrate Provides functions for calibrating absolute irradiance, relative irradiance, and color.

Absolute Irradiance Displays the Irradiance Calibration screen (see Calibrating Absolute Irradiance).

Relative Irradiance Displays a message reminding you to enter a color temperature for your calibration lamp and store dark and reference. See Calibrating Relative Irradiance.

Color Displays a message reminding you to perform either a relative or absolute irradiance calibration (see Color Measurements).

Chart Charts L*a*b* values. More analysis values will be added in the future. All analysis values can be logged in ASCII tab-delimited files.

Save Chart Ctrl + Shift + S Saves the chart.

Open Chart Ctrl + Shift + O Opens the chart.

Print Chart Ctrl + Shift + P Prints the chart.

Clear Chart Ctrl + Shift + D Clears the chart.

Windows Provides functions for customizing the graph display.

Clear Overlayed Scans Ctrl + D Clears scans displayed as overlays on the graph.

Show Grid Ctrl + G Displays a grid behind the graph shown on the OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen.

Auto Scale Y Ctrl + F10 Adjusts the Y axis on the graph to fit the spectral window. To scale manually, double-click the scale’s end values and enter a desired value, then click Enter.

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Auto Scale X Ctrl + F9 Adjusts the X axis on the graph to fit the spectral window. To scale manually, double-click the scale’s end values and enter a desired value, then click Enter.

Colormetric Measurements

Appears on the menu if the Colormetric Measurements window is open. Click on this menu item if the Color Measurements window is hidden to bring it to the foreground.

Help Provides links to the online help system, as well as information regarding your OOIIrrad-C application.

Show Context Help Ctrl + H Opens the OOIIrrad-C application help file. The help window displays information about different fields as you move the mouse over them.

Help for This VI For future enhancement.

About . . . Displays the version number for the OOIIrrad-C and device driver.

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Irradiance Calibration/Relative Irradiance/Color Screen Menu Functions

Example Irradiance Calibration Screen

The Irradiance Calibration screen menu bar provides the functionality described in the following table.


File

Page Setup Displays the Page setup dialog box, which allows you to select whether to print the header (name/date/page #), and what page margins to use. You can select to use the default margins, or enter custom margins.

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Print Ctrl + P Prints the currently displayed graphs.

Save cal data as csv file Saves the calibration data as a Comma Separated Values (csv) file in the selected location.

Close Ctrl + W Closes the Irradiance Calibration window.

Spectrometer

Scan Calibration Lamp Displays the Store a scan window, which enables you to perform a calibration lamp scan and store the resulting data as a reference scan.

Scan Dark Displays the Store a scan window, which enables you to perform a dark scan and store the resulting data.

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Calibrate (no scan) Calibrates the spectrometer without taking a scan. Instead, the stored dark and lamp scan data already acquired are used.

Scan Lamp+Dark and Calibrate

A combination of Scan Calibration, Scan Dark and Calibrate (no scan). This function is not useful if you need control over when to perform a Scan Dark and Reference Scan.

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Combine UV/VIS Calibrations

Enables you to combine UV and VIS calibrations into one file for the same spectrometer (see Combining UV and VIS Calibrations). This function is useful when using a Deuterium lamp with calibration information for 200-400nm and a Tungsten-Halogen lamp with calibration information for 350nm and above. It allows for more reliable calibration for the full spectrometer range.

Active Spectrometer Calibration File

Activates an existing spectrometer irradiance calibration (.cal) file. This function is useful for switching between calibration files and activating the combined UV/VIS calibration file.

Lamp Provides functions for collecting and edting lamp calibration data.

Select Lamp (file) Enables you to browse for the desired lamp (.lmp) file. Normally, you should copy the lamp’s irradiance calibration file into this applicaion’s installation folder.

Edit Lamp Calibration File Displays the Edit Lamp Calibration File screen for you to edit the data. Click Save as and enter a file name when finished. This function is useful for creating a new file.

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Enable Strobe Enables or disables the strobe control function. A √ mark appears by the menu item when the strobe is enabled.

Cal Lamp Data from IRD File

Creates a lamp irradiance file (.lmp) from the data in the .ird file

Windows Provides options for adjusting the scale of the graphs for the preferred range (full, UV, or VIS).

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Auto Scale (full range) Adjusts the graph display for full range.

AutoScale UV Range Adjusts the graph display for the UV range.

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Menu Item Shortcut Keys Description

AutoScale Visible Range Adjusts the graph display for the visible range.

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Chapter 4

Configuration

Overview You must configure parameters for the following hardware components in your system:

• Spectrometer type

• A/D converter options OOIIrrad-C stores your configuration information; you will not need to reenter this information the next time you start OOIIrrad-C.

To begin hardware configuration, select Configure from the menu bar at the top of the main OOIColor/OOIIrrad2 screen.

Configuring Hardware Parameters Select Configure | Hardware from the menu bar or type CTRL + F8 to specify the spectrometer and A/D converter you are using with your OOIIrrad-C application. The Configure Hardware screen appears.

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4: Configuration

► Procedure

1. Select your spectrometer type from the Spectrometer Type drop-down list.

2. Select the appropriate A/D converter type for your spectrometer from the A/D Converter Type drop-down list.

Note

When using a non-USB A/D converter, you must set additional parameters on this screen to properly configure your A/D converter. Consult the documentation for your A/D converter hardware for specific instructions.

3. Configure the appropriate information based on your spectrometer and A/D converter type (options that appear after you make the A/D Converter Type selection) and click the OK button.

4. Select the USB serial number from the USB Serial Number drop-down list.

Configuring Spectrometer Parameters Select Configure | Spectrometer from the menu bar or type CTRL + F7 to configure the spectrometer for your sampling system in OOIIrrad-C. The Configure Spectrometer screen appears.

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4: Configuration

The Configure Spectrometer screen provides you with the following capabilities:

• Activate and enter wavelength calibration coefficients for each channel (see Channels Tab)

• Choose a file and path name for saving a full spectrum or logging calculated values (see Log/Chart Tab)

• Preset a duration for experiments or a sampling interval (see Timing Tab)

• Choose between external software or hardware triggers (see General Tab)

• Truncate and display the graph between two wavelengths, and choose the color assigned to curves overlaid on the graph (see General Tab)

• Choose values for peak analysis (see Peak Measurements Tab)

• Choose values for irradiance measurements (see Irradiance Measurements Tab)

• Select desired color values (see Color Measurements Tab)

Channels Tab The Channels tab on the Configure Spectrometer screen allows you to activate and enter wavelength calibration coefficients for each channel.

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4: Configuration

► Procedure

To configure spectrometer channel information on the Channels tab:

1. If you have more than one spectrometer channel, select the desired channel using the Master/Slave tabs. The Channel active check box must be checked to acquire and display spectra for the selected channel.

Note

Most applications have a single spectrometer channel, so only the Master channel is activated.

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4: Configuration

2. For the selected channel, configure the following:

a. Light source inside integrating sphere – Enable this check box only if you have an integrating sphere and use the LS1-CAL-INT calibrated light source. (In this case the source is inside the sphere and there is no collection area associated normally with a probe.) When this box is enabled and you are using the integrating sphere to collect light externally (source is outside the integrating sphere), OOIIrrad-C assumes the value in the Fiber diameter (um) field is the diameter of the opening in the integrating sphere. Be sure to enter the correct value (in microns)

b. Fiber diameter (um) – If the tip of a fiber is used as the collection probe, enter the bare fiber’s diameter in microns. If an integrating sphere is used to collect light from a surface (Light source inside integrating sphere box is not checked), enter the sphere’s opening diameter (bare fiber’s diameter in microns). However, if a light source is inserted into the sphere, this value is ignored. If a cosine corrector is used, define the light collection area as follows:

If this cosine corrector is used . . . Enter this diameter (in um) . . .

CC-3 or CC-3-UV 3900

CC-3-DA 7140

c. Steradians for Candelas – Enter the optic’s solid angle to be used for dividing the Lumens value to get Candelas (when activated). A steradian is a unit of measurement used to describe the solid angle of a cone from the surface of a sphere to the center of the sphere. It is a solid angular measurement used when calculating illumination. The Lumens value is divided by the Steradians value to obtain Candela.

d. Color Temperature (K) – Enter the reference lamp’s known color temperature to be used for relative irradiance calibration. This software uses the color temperature to define the shape of the lamp’s irradiance spectrum without assigning it any absolute values.

e. Channel Color – Assign the color for this channel to appear in the graph.

3. Enter the wavelength calibration coefficients for the selected channel. When using a USB-based spectrometer or A/D interface, the coefficients for the spectrometer will automatically load as part of the spectrometer configuration file. For all other spectrometers, you must manually enter these values from the Wavelength Calibration data sheet that accompanied your spectrometer.

Note

If your Wavelength Calibration sheet does not contain a third coefficient, enter 0.

4. Click OK.

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Log/Chart Tab The Log/Chart tab on the Configure Spectrometer screen allows you to choose a file name and path for saving full spectra and logging calculated values. You can add an index number for automatic logging when using external triggers is enabled. You can also pick the next base number to be added when saving full spectra with external triggers. The log file is a text-based (ASCII) file that can be accessed by any spreadsheet or text editing application.

Note

Currently, the time chart only works with L*a*b* values. Logging is possible for all analysis values.

► Procedure

1. Enable the Time Chart Active check box, if desired.

2. Navigate to the appropriate file name and path to store the log file. You can store all active measruements with the click of a button. See Step 3 to automate this process.

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3. Enable the Log Calculated measurements every scan check box for automatic logging of all active measurements using external triggers, if desired. Then enter the starting index number for the log file.

4. Navigate to the appropriate file name and path to store full spectra.

5. Enable the Save spectrum file every scan check box for automatic saving of full spectra using external triggers, if desired. Then enter the next serial number for the saved file.

6. Click OK.

Timing Tab The Timing tab on the Configure Spectrometer screen allows you to activate a preset duration for experiments and a preset sampling interval.

► Procedure

1. Enable the Preset Duration check box to set the amount of time for experiments. Then enter the desired amount of time in the format Days | Hours | Minutes.

2. Enable the Preset Sampling Interval check box to set a sampling interval. Then enter the desired amount of time for the interval in the format Hours | Minutes | Seconds.

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4: Configuration

3. Click OK.

General Tab The General tab on the Configure Spectrometer screen allows you to

• Choose if and what type of external triggering to use

• Limit the graph display range

• Display a mini scope window to show the spectrometer’s raw data

• Activate a warning message in case of raw spectrum saturation

• Set the pixel rotation number to activate/deactivate scanning of more than one spectrometer channel during each of the integration periods.

• Choose the color assigned to curves overlaid in the graph.

► Procedure

1. Select the type of external trigger to be used (hardware or software), or no external trigger from the drop-down list in the External Trigger field. This feature depends upon the type of hardware in your system. See your spectrometer documentation for more information. When external triggering is selected, the application will seem frozen until a trigger occurs.

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Note

To disable the triggering mode, you might need to supply few additional triggers to allow the application to process the steps needed to exit this mode.

2. Enable the Limit display range check box if you want to truncate the graph to display between two wavelengths. Then enter the desired range (in nm). This feature is especially useful when the signal is very noisy due to a low signal-to-noise ratio.

Another way to achieve the same result is to limit the x-scale range on the graph manually.

3. Enable the Show scope mini-window (in other modes) check box if you want a scope mode spectrum to display in nonscope modes to inform you about the spectrometer’s raw data. You can use this display to watch for saturation and low signal conditions.

4. The OOIIrrad-C application warns you about raw spectrum saturation. If you do not want this warning, check the Do not warn me about saturation box. This feature is especially useful if your range of interest is only part of the spectrometer’s full range and you want to set the integration period so that the signal is good inside that range.

5. If you have an ADC1000 or ADC2000 A/D card, set the pixel rotation number in the Highest Channel for pixel rotation field. Normally, each spectrometer channel is assigned its own integration period sequentially. This feature allows you to activate/deactivate scanning of more than one spectrometer channel during a single integration period.

To deactivate this feature, enter 0. Otherwise, the value you enter (n) means that Pixel Rotation is active with n +1 first channels. For example, if you specify a value of 3, then Pixel rotation is ON, and every integration period will result in a scan for the first four channels (3 + 1): Master, Slave1, Slave2, and Slave3. If you do not have an A/D card, this field is not valid.

6. Use the field on the right of the screen to choose the colors for spectra overlays in the graph when the File | Open menu item is selected.

7. Click OK.

Peak Measurements Tab The Peak Measurements tab on the Configure Spectrometer screen allows you to choose the values for peak analysis.

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► Procedure

1. Select how you want the OOIIrrad-C application to find the peak from the drop-down list in the Find peak using field. You have a choice of using a wavelength range (go on to Step 2) or a cursor on the graph (go on to Step 3).

2. If you chose to find the peak using a wavelength range (in Step 1 above), you must specify the start and end of the range (in nm) in the Peaks from and Peaks to fields.

3. Specify the percentage of a local minimum to divide between close peaks in the Separate peaks with local minimum less than field to define where a peak ends.

4. Enable the Cursor Display check box if you want to view peak analysis with cursors on the main window.

5. If you enabled the cursor display in Step 4 and you have more than one channel, select the channel that the cursors should lock to from the Cursors Channel drop-down list.

6. Activate the measurement(s) desired using the check boxes on the right side of the screen.

7. Click OK.

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Irradiance Measurements Tab The Irradiance Measurements tab on the Configure Spectrometer screen allows you to select the desired irradiance values. Phototropic/Scotopic values are calculated over a 380 to 780 nm wavelength range. Radiometric values require that you specify the wavelength range. Scotopic conditions are defined when the luminance is less than some hundredths of a candela per square meter (cd/m2). The difference between this scotopic vision (low-level condition) compared to a photopic (high-level condition) affects the calculations for Lumen, Lux, and Candela by using the V’(λ) spectral luminous efficiency curve instead of the V(λ) curve.

► Procedure

1. Click the Phototropic/Scotopic slide switch to select the type of values desired. Photopic is the default selection, and is the preferred selection in most cases.

The Scotopic selection measures the sample as seen by the darkness-adapted eye (darkness vision). Scotopic measurements can only be taken for samples emitting between 380 nm and 780 nm, the visible range of the human eye. Scotopic measurements require a level of luminance low enough so that the retinal cones of the eye are not stimulated and color is not visible to the eye.

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4: Configuration

2. Select the check boxes for the values desired.

Check Box Description

Lumen

This option displays the lumen values. A lumen is a “light watt.” Lumens are calculated as the absolute spectral response of the human eye.

This option is only available for measurements from 380–780 nm, the wavelength range visible to the human eye.

You can also calculate this measurement using a Scotopic standard by selecting Scotopic with the sliding switch.

Lux

This option displays the lux values. The lux value is obtained by calculating the lumen per square meter. Lux is also called a meter candle.



Candela

This option displays the luminous intensity of the sample, based on international standards.



µJoule

This option displays the calculated energy of the sample in microjoules.

Specify the range of wavelengths to integrate by entering values in boxes on the right side of the screen.

µWatt

This option displays the calculated power of the sample in microwatts.


µJoule/cm2

This option displays the calculated energy per square centimeter of the sample.


µWatt/cm2

This option displays the calculated power per square centimeter of the sample.


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4: Configuration

Check Box Description

dBm

This option displays the decibels referenced to one milliwatt. This option is used to calculate power for lasers.


photons

This option displays the number of photons per square centimeter emitted from the sample each second.


3. Click OK.

Color Measurements Tab The Color Measurements tab on the Configure Spectrometer screen allows you to choose the desired color values.

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► Procedure

1. Select Reflective or Emissive from the Measurement Type drop-down list:

• Reflective – Color measurement of a surface for a selectable CIE-defined illuminant.

• Emissive - Measurement of the light emitted from an LED or a lamp (emission source).

2. Specify whether to use the 2° (CIE 1931) or the 10° (CIE 1964) observer (viewing angle) using the Observer drop-down list.

3. If you chose Reflective measurement in Step 1, select the desired Iluminant from the drop-down list. This illuminant is theoretical and CIE-defined; it has nothing to do with the actual lamp used in the measurement.

4. If you chose Reflective measurement in Step 1, select White Reference Tile.

5. Activate color analysis by enabling one of the following check boxes:

• X, Y, Z

• x, y, z

• u’, v’, w’, Hue, Sat

• R, G, B

• L*, a*, b*, Hue, Chroma

• Hunter L, a, b

• CCT

• Dom. Wavelength, Purity and x-y chromaticity diagram – The x-y diagram points to the illuminant and the color of a measured surface. If emissive color is measured, the x-y diagram points to the source with a line connecting to the equilibrium point (E, x = 0.333333 and y = 0.333333) or a refernce illuminant. The intersection of this line with the curve gives the dominant wavelength.

6. Click OK.

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Chapter 5

Calibration

Overview During the calibration process, the following files are written to the disk:

• chX.cal – A calibration file that contains the relationship between counts read and actual energy

in .

Select Calibrate from the menu bar to calibrate your spectrometer for the following measurements:

• Absolute Irradiance

• Relative Irradiance

• Color

Note

Be aware that the range of the calibration lamp extends lower than the range of the spectrometer (for example, the range of the LS-1-CAL Calibration Light Source is 300 – 1050 nm). Therefore, avoid measuring below the spectrometer range to improve the quality of your results.

Calibrating Absolute Irradiance Irradiance is the amount of light present on a particular area, such as the fiber’s cross-section at its tip, a cosine corrector’s surface, or the integrating sphere’s surface (measures the total optical output of a light source inserted into the integrating sphere).

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5: Calibration

Absolute irradiance measurements can be achieved in two ways:

• Ocean Optics can calibrate the spectrometer for you and send you the resulting calibration file, or

• You can calibrate the spectrometer yourself using a light source (calibration lamp) with known spectral output (microwatts per square centimeter per nanometer).

Absolute Irradiance Calibration Using a Provided Cal File

► Procedure

To take an absolute irradiance measurement using the calibration file provided by Ocean Optics,

1. Select Calibrate | Absolute Irradiance from the menu bar. The Irradiance Calibration screen appears.

2. Select Spectrometer | Active Spectrometer Calibration File from the menu bar on the Irradiance Calibration screen.

3. Navigate to the spectrometer file that you want to use. Open the file.

4. Select File | Close to return to the main window.

5. Click the Store Dark button to take a dark scan at your current integration time.

6. Change the Spectral Graph Mode to uW/cm^2/nm or uW/nm.

7. Watch the Scope Mode graph (black graph on bottom right of screen) to ensure that you are not saturating the detector when taking measurements.

When you close then reopen the software, OOIIrrad-C restores and continues using the last calibration file that you used.

Absolute Irradiance Calibration Using a Calibration Lamp You have the option of calibrating the spectrometer yourself using a light source (calibration lamp) with known spectral output (microwatts per square centimeter per nanometer). The known spectral output specifies the power at a certain distance from the lamp. After placing the sensing area (fiber tip, CC-3 cosine corrector, etc.) at this specified distance from the lamp, the OOIIrrad-C application creates a conversion factor for each pixel. This conversion factor results from the lamp’s known output intensity and the actual spectrometer reading from detected light (counts). These calibration results are specific to the optical configuration (from the spectrometer to the sensing area) used during calibration. Therefore, it is necessary for you to calibrate our spectrometer according to your unique configuration. Should your configuration change (for example, if a different slit is installed, or a different fiber is used to collect light), a new calibration is needed.

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The .lmp file contains the lamp data necessary to calibrate the spectral response of your system before taking absolute irradiance measurements. Absolute Irradiance measurements require a lamp with known power output to calibrate the spectrometer for irradiance readings. Before calibrating your spectrometer, you should verify the following:

• The spectrometer’s wavelength calibration coefficients in the Channels tab on the Configure Spectrometer screen (see Channels Tab).

• All other parameters on the Configure Spectrometer screen related to your configuration, including any non-linearity or stray light parameters (see Step 3 below).

► Procedure

To calibrate a spectrometer for absolute irradiance using OOIIrrad-C,

1. Warm the calibration lamp (NIST traceable standard) for about 20 minutes.

2. Verify that the lamp calibration file exists in the application’s folder.

3. Verify non-linearity is set properly. It should be turned off for most systems. This application does not give access to the non-linearity parameters, but they can be accessed via Ocean Optics’ general purpose software (OOIBase32) or manually by viewing/editing the data in OOIDrv.INI file located in the C:\Windows\ folder. It is turned off by default for most systems. When non-linearity coefficients are specified for a spectrometer, turn this feature on and enter specified coefficients. This can be done from within OOIBase32 or manually in OOIDrv.INI for each active channel. Set the value NLEnabled=0 for OFF or NLEnabled=1 for ON and enter the non-linearity coefficients.

4. Connect the spectrometer to the computer and run the OOIIrrad-C application.

5. Select Configure Hardware from the menu bar and set the hardware parameters (see Configuring Hardware Parameters).

6. Select Configure Spectrometer from the menu bar and choose the Channels Tab to set parameters for active channels (see Configuring Spectrometer Parameters) as follows:

a. Set Wavelength Calibration Coefficients for non-USB devices. (This application reads these coefficients from a USB2000.)

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5: Calibration

b. Set the Fiber diameter [um] (this is actually the diameter of the collection area, not just the fiber) as follows:

For this type of collection area . . . Enter . . .

Bare fiber The fiber’s diameter in microns

CC-3 or CC-3-UV Cosine Corrector

3900 microns as the effective diameter

CC-3-DA Cosine Corrector 7140 microns as the effective diameter

Any other collection area The collection area’s diameter as calculated in microns

7. Place the collection area (bare fiber, CC3 etc.) at the distance specified by the lamp calibration data. For example, if you are using the LS-1-CAL or DH-2000-CAL light source, the CC-3 Cosine Corrector is placed inside lamp opening. Bare fiber is fitted with a barrel first and then inserted in lamp opening. If using an open calibration lamp like the Eppley or Oriel calibration lamps, place bare fiber or the CC-3 tip at 50cm. If system sensitivity is low, you might need to place the tip closer to lamp. Note that each distance has a matching lamp calibration file that you must select in the application. Your choices are limited to distances that have lamp calibration files, with first preference to place it at 50cm.

8. Use the OOIColor/OOOIIrrad main screen to set the following:

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a. While in Scope mode, adjust the data acquisition parameters in the Nom. Integ. Period field for a maximum signal around 3500 counts. An Integration period change between calibration process and sample power measurement does not affect measurements because power is actually energy per unit time (Watt=Joules/Sec). The same integration period should be used for calibration dark and lamp scans.

b. Use a boxcar smoothing width (Smoothing Size) of about 5, unless calibration is intended for use with “spikey” sources. Ideally, smoothing size should be the same during calibration and sample measurement though it could be changed as long as a new dark scan is stored with the actual boxcar smoothing used for sampling.

c. If the integration period is long, use the single scan mode and keep the number of averages (Scans to Avg) at 1 until the actual calibration. This makes the response time shorter while setting the calibration. For calibration, increase this setting to around 100, if possible. When working with Deuterium lamps, you can ignore saturation of signal away from the calibrated region of 200–400nm. Ideally, the number of averages should be high for calibration and could be reduced later for samples, if needed as long as a new dark scan is stored with the actual number or averages used for sampling.

9. Turn off the Scan toggle switch. Then, select Calibrate | Absolute Irradiance from the menu bar. The Irradiance Calibration window appears. This screen displays the following information:

• The date, spectrometer serial number and the acquisition parameters.

• Calibration Lamp graph – Displays the current calibration lamp with its given data points and its fitted mathematical 15th order curve.

• Actual Scan graph – Displays the spectrometer’s actual raw reading of this calibration lamp. It also displays the dark spectrum and the resulting difference between the raw lamp reading and the spectrometer’s dark scan readings. Note the difference between the spectrometer’s reading and the lamp’s output, pointing out the need for calibration.

• Calibration Curve graph – Displays the resulting multiplication factor for the spectrometer. This factor is uJoules/counts, which allows calculation of energy values for every scan. It can then calculate power by dividing the energy by the corresponding actual integration period (exposure time).

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5: Calibration

Use this screen to set the following:

a. For non-USB devices, enter the spectrometer number in the Spectrometer # field. (This application reads the serial number from a USB2000 device.)

b. Adjust the Scans to Avg to some high number, depending on the integration period. For example, if integration period is set to 2000ms, keep the number of scans to average at around 30. This will make the response time around one minute per scan. If integration period is much shorter, use a higher value to average.

10. Select Lamp | Select Lamp (file) from the menu bar and navigate to the appropriate lamp calibration file to match the calibration lamp and the distance to be used. This file’s data is displayed in the Calibration Lamp graph. Note that there are two files with the LS-1-CAL light source, one for bare fiber and one for the CC-3 cosine corrector.

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Note

The Lamp | Enable Strobe function is used to control a digital line on the DB15 connector. It can be used to turn the lamp on and off.

11. Verify that the number of Scans to Avg is set to a high value such as 50 or 100 to ensure better calibration accuracy.

12. Block the light path and select Spectrometer | Scan Dark to take a dark scan. The Store a scan screen for a dark scan appears. Follow the directions on the screen. A raw baseline curve is added to the Actual Scan graph.

13. Unblock the light path to calibration lamp and select Spectrometer | Scan Calibration Lamp to take a reference scan. The Store a scan screen for a reference scan appears. Follow the directions on the screen. The lamp’s raw spectrum, as seen by spectrometer, is added to the Actual Scan graph. Click OK.

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14. Select Spectrometer | Calibrate (no scan). You are prompted for the spectrometer calibration file name and path. The calibration file’s data is displayed in the Calibration Curve graph. This calibration file is used by the application as the default file unless you activate a different calibration file. Some manual scaling might be needed to display the curves properly.

15. Select Windows | AutoScale for either full, UV or visible range display to limit the display and/or printout to the relevant range. You can adjust the X and Y scales manually by double-clicking the end values on the scales and typing a new value. The saves calibration file always contains the full range; it is not affected by your manual adjustments.

16. Select File | Print to print the calibration, if desired.

17. Repeat this calibration process for all UV, VIS or NIR ranges, as needed.

Combining UV and VIS Calibrations UV and VIS calibrations can be combined into one file for the same spectrometer. Visible calibration using a Tungsten Halogen source is effective from around 350nm and up. If a UV range calibration is requested, use a Deuterium NIST traceable calibrated lamp, which is good from 200nm up to 400nm. The UV and VIS curves should be close in value (at around 400nm). Then, perform the following procedure:

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► Procedure

1. Create one VIS calibration and label the file with the spectrometer’s serial number and _VIS. Then, create one UV calibration and label the VIS calibration file with the spectrometer’s serial number and _UV. The extension .cal is added automatically to both files.

2. On the Irradiance Calibration screen, select Spectrometer | Combine UV/VIS Calibrations from the menu bar. The Combine UV/VIS Calibrations screen appears.

3. On the Combine UV/VIS Calibrations screen, select File | Open UV Calibration from the menu bar. The name of the UV calibration file that you just selected displays.

4. On the Combine UV/VIS Calibrations screen, select File | Open VIS Calibration from the menu bar. The name of the VIS calibration file that you just selected displays.

5. All other default values should be OK, so select Spectrometer | Combine UV/VIS from the menu bar.

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A new trace (thick) will be overlayed. By default this trace will be layed over the VIS calibration trace and then over the UV trace. If the UV calibration trace value at 400nm is different than the VIS calibration at 400nm, the UV calibration will be multiplied by the factor of these two values so one continuous calibration curve is achieved. You can change the priority from VIS calibraiton to UV calibration using the Spectrometer | UV Range Priority menu item.

6. Select Windows | Autoscale from the menu bar. Some manual scale adjustment might also be required.

7. Select File | Save UV/VIS Calibration from the menu bar. A prompt appears for the file name and path.

8. Label the calibration file with spectrometer’s serial number and _UV_VIS. The extension .cal is added automatically and this file name displays in window.

9. Select File | Print from the menu bar to print the file. Include all three spectrometer calibration files (if applicable).

10. Close this window and go back to the Irradiance Calibration screen.

11. Select Spectrometer | Active Spectrometer Calibration File from the menu bar. You are then prompted to select and activate a spectrometer calibration file. Select the newly created UV-VIS calibration file as the spectrometer’s active irradiance calibration file.

Calibrating Relative Irradiance The Relative Irradiance measurement requires a lamp with known color temperature (in degrees Kelvin) to calibrate the spectrometer for irradiance readings, which is the correct shape on a scale of 0 to 1. This known shape is defined for many lamps as color temperature. When a reference spectrum is stored for a lamp with a known color temperature, the OOIIrrad-C application creates an internal conversion (calibration) to compensate for the spectrometer’s efficiency and sensitivity issues. The result is a correct spectrum (in shape) on a sale from 0 to 1.

► Procedure

1. Set up the optical path from the lamp to the spectrometer. Be sure to include all optional components such as fibers, integrating sphere, and cosine corrector.

2. Use the OOIColor/OOOIIrrad main screen to set the following:

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a. While in Scope mode, adjust the data acquisition parameters in the Nom. Integ. Period field for a signal maximum at around 3500 counts when the calibration lamp is on.

b. Use a boxcar smoothing width (Smoothing Size) of about 5, unless calibration is intended for use with “spikey” sources.

c. Use the single scan mode and keep the number of averages (Scans to Avg) at 1 until you store a reference spectrum. At that point, you should increase the setting to 100. This may slow your response time, but it will improve the calibration results.

3. Click the Store Dark button. The Store a scan screen for a dark scan appears. Follow the directions on the screen.

Note

The Subtract Dark checkbox on the OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen is enabled by default when in Scope mode and affects Scope mode only. A dark spectrum is used in the calculations of all other modes by default.

4. Turn on the lamp and let it warm up for at least 20 minutes.

5. On the OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen, click the Ref button to store a reference scan of the lamp.

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6. Follow the directions on the Store a scan screen. Click OK.

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Chapter 6

Taking Measurements

Overview Once you have calibrated your spectrometer (see Chapter 5: Calibration), you are able to take the following measurements using your OOIrrad-C application:

• Absolute Irradiance Measurements

• Relative Irradiance Measurements

• Color Measurements

Absolute Irradiance Measurements ► Procedure

To take an absolute irradiance measurement using the OOIIrrad-C application,

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1. Set the Spectral Graph Mode to uW/cm^2/nm.

2. Flip the Scan switch to ON. It is recommended to store a new dark scan frequently.

3. Verify your calibration data by scanning the calibration lamp once and overlaying that data on the graph that displays when you select Lamp | Current Calibration Lamp’s Graph from the menu bar. Select this menu item again to hide the calibration lamp’s graph.

Notes

You can change the Scans to Avg and the integration period, but you must store a new dark spectrum.

Changing the Smoothing Size from the value used during calibration is not recommended.

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Relative Irradiance Measurements ► Procedure

To take a relative irradiance measurement using the OOIIrrad-C application,

1. Set the Spectral Graph Mode to Relative Irradiance.

2. Flip the Scan switch to ON. It is recommended to store new dark scan frequently.

3. Verify your calibration data by scanning the calibration lamp once and determining that the resulting spectrum matches a normalized black body curve of the lamp’s known color temperature.

Color Measurements Emissive color measurements require a spectrometer, which has been calibrated to take irradiance readings (either relative or absolute). When Spectral Graph Mode (on the OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen) is set to uW/cm^2/nm, the results of an absolute irradiance scan is used. For all other modes (Scope, Reflectance, Relative Irradiance), the relative irradiance results are used.

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Reflective color measurements do not require an irradiance calibration, but they do require a reference spectrum. This reference scan is taken with the same optical configuration, except a perfect reflector is placed at the same location as the samples.

► Procedure

To take a color measurement using the OOIIrrad-C application,

1. From the OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen, select Configure | Spectrometer from the menu bar. The Configure Spectrometer screen appears.

2. Select the Color Measurements tab.

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3. Set Measurement Type to the desired setting (Reflective or Emissive).

4. Set Observer to the desired setting (2 degree CIE (1931) or 10 degree (CIE 1964)) to determine which color matching function will be used. See the examples below.

CIE color matching functions for 2 degrees (CIE 1931) (left) and 10 degrees (CIE 1964) (right)

5. If you chose Reflective color measurements in Step 3, specify the following settings:

a. Illuminant – This is a theoretical, CIE-defined illuminant. It has nothing to do with the actual lamp being used in the measurement.

b. Reference Tile – Normally set to White if you are storing the reference spectrum using a perfect reflector.

6. Activate the color measurements that you are interested in on the right side of the screen.

7. Click OK.

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Saving Data After taking your measurements, you have several options for saving your data using the File selection on the menu bar:

• Save (Crtl + S) – Saves the full spectral range data into an ASCII text file with a header and two tab-delimited columns. Color, peak and/or irradiance values must be logged using the Log Now button (bottom right corner) into a preselected, tab-delimited ASCII text file. This log file has a date and time stamp for each entry with a short description.

• Export (Ctrl + X) – Saves the full spectral range data into an ASCII text file similar to the above description for Save option, except it saved without a header. This makes it easier to be imported into third party applications.

• Save irradiance as lamp file – Spectrometer irradiance files contain data for all spectrometer wavelengths. A lamp file has more limited data points at predefined integer wavelegnths.

• Add Header to Log File – Adds an informational header to the log file, which labels the columns for selected color, peak and/or irradiance values. This helps when log file is opened in a spreadsheet application.

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Appendix A

Menu Structure This appendix contains a hierarchical view of the OOIIrrad-C menu structure. Menus are provides for the following screens:

• OOIIrrad/Color screen

• Irradiance Calibration/Relative Irradiance/ Color screens

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A: Menu Structure

OOIIrrad/Color Screen Menu

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A: Menu Structure

OOIIrrad/Color Screen Menu (Cont’d)

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A: Menu Structure

Irradiance Calibration/Realative Irradiance/ Color Screens Menu

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Index

A Analysis Control, 15

C calibration, 43

absolute irradiance, 43 combining UV and VIS, 50 relative irradiance, 52

CCD, 1 Channel Parameters, 15 Channels tab, 31 Color Measurements, 41 configuration, 29

hardware parameters, 29 spectrometer parameters, 30

control Analysis, 15 Cursor Display, 13 Cursor Information, 12 Cursor Move, 13 Display in this window, 16 Magnification, 11 Reference, 11 Scan, 15 Specific Cursor Information, 13 Spectral Graph Mode, 9 Store Dark, 11

controls, 9 Cursor Display Controls, 13 Cursor Information Controls, 12 Cursor Move Controls, 13

D Display in this window Controls, 16 document

audience, iii

purpose, iii summary, iii

G General tab, 36 Graph Counts Display, 16 gratings, 1

H hardware parameters, 29

I installation, 3 Installation

from CD, 3 from Web, 4

Irradiance Calibration screen menu functions, 21

Irradiance tab, 39

L Log/Chart tab, 34

M Magnification Controls, 11 measurements, 55

absolute irradiance, 55 color, 57 relative irradiance, 57

menu functions Irradiance Calibration screen, 21 OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen, 17

menu structure, 61

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Index

O OOIColor/OOIIrrad screen

menu functions, 17 OOIIrrad-C

installation, 3 overview, 1 start-up, 8

P parameters

Channel, 15 Peak Measurements tab, 37 product-related documentation, iv

R Reference Control, 11

S save, 59 Scan Controls, 15 Specific Cursor Information Controls, 13 Spectrometer Configuration file, 33 spectrometer parameters, 30 Store Dark Control, 11

T Timing tab, 35

U upgrades, iv

66 000-20000-070-0905

OOIIrrad Software Manual

Documents

est ocean optics

windows xp

windows nt

ooiirradc overview

prior consent of ocean

software installation

trademarks microsoft

document purpose