NRCS Global Positioning Systems (GPS) NRCS Global Positioning Systems (GPS) & & Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Geographic Information Systems (GIS) RESOURCE INVENTORY Soil Survey National Resources Inventory (NRI) Wetlands Inventory Snow Survey Others Easements REMOTE SENSING Aerial Photography Aerial Digital Imagery Satellite Imagery Airborne Video CUSTOMER SERVICE TOOLKIT Conservation Planning Resource Assessment Interpreted Soils Information GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) Where on Earth?!!? MAPPING DIGITIZING ANALYSIS MAP PREPARATION COMPUTER ASSISTED DESIGN MODELING •AGNPS •AnnAGNPS •Others GPS is a data collection tool for GIS
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NRCS Global Positioning Systems (GPS) & Geographic Information Systems (GIS) RESOURCE INVENTORY Soil Survey National Resources Inventory (NRI) Wetlands.
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NRCS Global Positioning Systems (GPS) NRCS Global Positioning Systems (GPS) &&
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
REMOTE SENSINGAerial PhotographyAerial Digital ImagerySatellite ImageryAirborne Video
CUSTOMER SERVICE TOOLKITConservation PlanningResource AssessmentInterpreted Soils Information
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)
Where on Earth?!!?
MAPPINGDIGITIZING
ANALYSIS
MAP PREPARATION
COMPUTER ASSISTED DESIGN
MODELING•AGNPS•AnnAGNPS•Others
GPS is a data collection tool for GIS
Accuracy - Accuracy - Sources of GPS ErrorSources of GPS Error
Standard Positioning Service (SPS )• Selective Availability: 0 to 100 meters• Ionosphere: 5.0 to 7.0 meters• Troposphere: 0.5 to 0.7 meters• Satellite clocks: < 1 to 3.6 meters• Orbital errors: < 1 meter• Receiver noise: 0.3 to 1.5 meters• Multipath: undetermined• User error: Up to a kilometer or more
Differential corrections attempt to eliminate or minimize the Ionospheric and Tropospheric errors that effect GPS accuracy.
Differential corrections can be provided by:
• GPS Reference Stations
• GPS Augmentations
DGPS – DGPS – Sources of Differential CorrectionsSources of Differential Corrections
GPS Reference Stations
• Local Area Reference Stations
• CORS – Continually Operating Reference Stations
GPS Augmentations
• FAA Augmentations
• Maritime & NDGPS
• High Accuracy NDGPS
DGPS SiteGPSReceiver
DGPS –DGPS – Post-processed Differential
NDGPS Site
NDGPS Receiver
GPSReceiver
DGPS –DGPS – Real Time Differential
DGPS AugmentationsDGPS Augmentations
Space Based Augmentations• FAA Wide Area Augmentation Service (WAAS)• Commercial L Band Services
Ground Based Augmentations• FAA Local Area Augmentation Service (LAAS)• CORS - Continuous Operating Reference Stations• Maritime Navigation System & NDGPS• High Accuracy NDGPS
Ground Based
Satellite Based
DGPS –DGPS – FAA Augmentations
Maritime & NDGPSMaritime & NDGPSNationwide Differential Global Positioning SystemNationwide Differential Global Positioning System
GPS Augmentation system• For Surface Transportation• that improves the accuracy and integrity of GPS for
safety-of-life applications
Expanding Maritime DGPS Network • Establishing Additional Radiobeacon Sites • Standard interoperable nationwide service• Transportation users include railroads, highways,
public transportation, and waterways
NDGPSNDGPSNational Differential Global Positioning SystemNational Differential Global Positioning System
September 200284 Active Sites
GPS Applications - Mobile MappingDual GPS / NDGPS External Antenna
Notebook PCRunning
ArcView / ArcPad
Mobile Communications
GPS Map 76
The USDA “Tool Box” Has An Assortment of Tools.
GPS ToolsConfiguration 1 & 2
Data Collection ToolsDigital Camera / Mobile Devices