Top Banner
- Thet*"ddncu44ics If [;,a;- l; -J_ {+,""^"+^*ie-\r---o *** . u'bour pa'1e'-ruri"6 o cqstt e _o{eUices . *Uure6,5te ( f rrcuer-r i ble- pruq-e*l o {nLrop-.t 0 r\ *C!ali* Jt i..*, rUsde,r Pu^ P [- ( : #-- uLllL V -- \:/- i Ett c i t t: aa I **ttAra /) -> -W*l T tLuu -q
31

Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

Dec 08, 2015

Download

Documents

Ahmed Awad

Re-examination of the thermodynamic laws. Applied thermodynamics including
advanced engineering thermodynamic processes, psychrometry, and an introduction
to combustion, compressible flow and environmental problems.

2nd law of thermodynamics
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

- Thet*"ddncu44ics If[;,a;- l; -J_ {+,""^"+^*ie-\r---o

*** .

u'bour pa'1e'-ruri"6

o cqstt e _o{eUices

. *Uure6,5te ( f rrcuer-r i ble- pruq-e*lo {nLrop-.t

0

r\*C!ali* Jt i..*,

rUsde,rPu^ P

[-( :

#--uLllL V--\:/- iEtt

c i t t:aaI

**ttAra

/) -> -W*l

T tLuu -q

Page 2: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

<No{*k}4

)- /-r^r' (r\

\,

f\I

\i{ u"'riu[-ll.L

Page 3: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

hA'rI-Awi -Atriv;n,I w're--Jhal - - car- -JL:..o* Fr"

- L**f ft.iir/olf -*rrih"e.f e xtern.'.l' -- -{

-o-p:+

Page 4: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

Al u' -si,rsprel - *< -Cl-ous,q,- $atwul,,l- nac*\ p-c'-a-si lr]<-- to- tr.o-",.I*.- hc*L ltt *--bw

--he+l -y^estU-r U-- h?,,. l,e.*-t ce:dh.i(,or,"Lf}-u1----<-Kj"r,ool-n+.f*

t,r-C-tu: liov-q---cL - he*f- ee+i4(- o-pe-r=.1io-:1 -L<-l-w*egn t --

ct: e Soc.rrc< and l; o t Y q. -sl ,r K ,

/ ll( as fhe pse.ndo Clo*Y.lrt: -d*u,c.-) tu- -- tltt tl:s-cr;rc,r - ,-cL "T,z

Cozrb-urt thr- ts/o.- Tlrn - resefvol{ al- T=-Las-.--n,, I vnJ*--91ofre arg cltow,y ,

(uexer-vioc-u ^t",rt1 t,f: -ocrl --c* - fia --Q* -*--Q..-- \\,rL -B*F ---

UJorK o.,t prl "Y - -

W .

Page 5: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad
Page 6: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

uri ass Ltywa &ota.,.ot s.Lrsp*.t

Qlou-si.rs shl. r^r^l rs

k <kt i n Qlqn F sW <,rn errt

a\rr-t6 -vi

L"+

L"un

'laor,*,tu

Cr q thqk e [v;"

h<,.[

.,ara,3

aat

Lc,.rrbirr< L}r< tuvo qtetdsl, Thl. 6:q5<( v a i6 I h

u

".t-q [,,u , Q*9x Q, ir"p tyuy n<f &li vxrS

, Q. loe<n f.a . I tr rn J R.o ^

t\el

1.

tuIr\\u.

f.)

gi r,"..e O C:l

+Y ir

-T,

tu i+l""r* "^J W or k

v /a /c.fio^ SCtao,\,5i o s lc.t nn*"{

'.irl',. .i"l-.

t\.//l \_t_l -r.17-i

I -'- *"--

/t/ -'r.- tlitI l-t 't<-

Fl" ,tk rcQr,,irk:ir,l-e1 6icfr.a +- Z,*

Page 7: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

C*i.ne[

-c"orr -f"f & I..t,P

e -p (.JrrF-

\

L

/) ! r1\t7 Ce_{n44i^c-\lrar,.n \AJ

-Wt{

_/aL-arne

rl--Ir fh<mli ""ty-t{

Page 8: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad
Page 9: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

cooJ*ioo J Arz*n.srLb{e--/-ro***=

W i_ t -= .tAf L-: -

SolrLC J-- _*f,--fr.*",'siu Lq',-J

Io--(-=

tl

Xao +; ;-*r.*;", ,4"* -doc.esaj-

f",.ti\.'=l= f) r*€J..*+

, H.;[l +'**.[n. ,ifL"r ,",* J;W;;-+ns ul-q-t ton ..<, __-ada*h'Jie- p=s**

Page 10: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

l:z Frr.-li.r,.h: &.-(*U-*k +.tp, - -

Z-3 FriJ[onbr &,-]l,T of b, i3 -4 -- FrjJio,l*xs &-J=b,--ti.4 r _( _ __ Ft,L.tia4ls4_ l];f _d_Tr*

eM<rb€-J

-Itrtu*r.u\zk

Page 11: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

\\\\-, \

I _----',

Rev K Tr*r: H.f t,

, =-*-L- L-J*

- CICr-ii= Inq*Jit3 ry"+io^ l

t-*,, ( \-+

a*T-ia

:-: f^-e^Jor,s\bt{ ?h

t=

-h i'.y"+y ) ri

Page 12: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

| - L Jnrugr-.rHa,,F,tec"scs-=-!.)*___I-

-ff^&sratbk - prcEss:

\ -- L*1- -J7sA+t"5'.hlg- *1cJ+U

e-k e* -L-- Jr- r:-

=---C*4/!4ilDfifroc ei r

Page 13: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

ErJi"aks-

2-

tL.

T

,*-f l"S)

Page 14: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

fJ - w*;Yt-z-*s--

AXEr,-r

e-q,$fion

// v

/ [)rocsza-"

=- rgrr-.-tt0q' / t*> <-'u{J\'

Page 15: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

T

1[rUO-io_L

il::.ir-i:lil

ji :{i,, ti.----!..-t;-_

]+-

ililJJ-'.L>T,=f,Tr_,r-1,

t:

Irlr-L l-l-}s_- - l!{"4r+

AS = AS(.-z) tu

-r \A0-

=_ a\_,,N\e-r;

Page 16: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

- -A& -,-- -C*t---pro-q=s\--

L;^- = 420j/k#C*, = 42cci/tK

r,l[wr = eOO *-Ta-GK =-=6C e-- .:=T_r

C\ - tryt.^q_* (T"_ I*I){€c^(;-.,)^_*( J; ;; /\t,a Cu, aI6- -TJl

)W... r.i= _ ._-:_ -\t c4/aa

\S 1$s,o\L..

{ ri1

AS€u-a m-co- -c.^-in-(3J=-

:[AS, = rnu e, ," (+J = i/&

Page 17: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

2- -1q*{=-*;asr.-=

+-t-

Page 18: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

( Q,- n\ tv, \6\ q J=t.CL-i

VI( -T, \ a/d-'\" tsJ\-f,/

Y rn(Slt) \ v=l

-Y t"(*-)Y l"(*4- \\\#i )

l" ( f.-_tt =r'\ o \\ \r )

\,r?.r\ P,J1ntk\

e ,, ',,F) -r ep i,f+) ::: &:

Page 19: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

[. e.Jis^h*rrf - -.re^e,^i&4,, oJ*hdk - ftE-e,{Lt( flC"

-L,- crda ic-=renr<r$hk

-Ei;'=o*-rr =-X= E;

Q;r-\\e-"r"=, l

AS,--- =-6--lr}1Co i', lt --1rT1

Page 20: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

-'rl

/a)I ---')y\ U-*/)tr/,,/tl

1L- :t*r,

;),, f ] rv-r ,:r

; r; :-,r

it

tllrt_rs

1_}l#^IIA_Wr. A'7,=-.

\,

'{/1k..l\ -'.

i)\\.e \lilia I r'E'

I:i

t - "-i -,

'i'.-

1,," -.i\

-----:-,=..,. --.-':'*-++-:-!:;. --.e {, *

0-=L I=

Ar/ l-lron

l-\l r"*.,

Page 21: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

C"iryrp rRssan O

nt-Uis

Tur{oio*

fiLi=

W*doJq-

Page 22: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

- te^oarcr Llrr-e-, drq I Uultr -Le-p, L<rz,pev..\ar* ,! LLe- r.ir -ra t*recy't^ 0 (\t L["*u*rutn*. i"*ia €xfo,r<J i. 4i,,r +if -[r{:,i., il J;J" 'ir;;-.i; ,.-.

*["d_ rh.,*i*re

0v

^11!l_

I

- -rlqa\--\

/)

\*"*f *-t:;J f-ii-i,<- yL€ij \i.V?*{z"t *ti

fU)' E-"1 1>ro',a*rtr- ^ Jalyl v.-.r+J - -

. JY ,,Foi4'l

'. Lgrrfo<-u-t u-r+ svL - :-i.l- - , .tL rr:*J*,usr* 6 -*7<tWhen tl^o ci]{ - s ro,^lea( q [ +*,..-Lol {^{:t ;*Lre

_ il;;i.l,l,\r^,[* -_ni*""_+,*i** 11-tf." \rtug){ v+{,a

//r{r3= # - *e*jrt- {r+r.*fheL! c+alarrs-- {hu V^po,r

Ie\c,"hvq - iui,J,"q . .,olr*- J *r,,'L*,, -,1."1 "

( o rn6a5{rrr" - c"CucLl3 -3___ ov- a\ day* - \ enf

sp-..it c .rlU"fr* --.v,.q_

J.&d EdQ.b*.

r}1

I u .., r'.* *- .-1"- \' '.--\Ii. i

Page 23: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

()ro cq-b:e\I

I

i!j

i\

Ii\,j. /"

Xt = .t:t'a

Page 24: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

t;\ua\ -r ir ,ji _lr - 't

!a

I I lro{t. Arl-a"I

tttt JI" i.*- t /r ,\,/ \,/

!-.a*c

,/\tt

Y

t/\Avtt tc'l'

d.

,ri,, iY Yl r \

,-.1

\ A.\.1,i-

IiY ! -: -'

l:.. la:

ivi. 1\l

.,,1 .' ,r,. ttii r'r I i'-ttt- \ , .

rJ

{

Inl. ..::..: ._

-:,-

V YI,I IJ-.]\ ) i7

{rt r,'-rI I \ ,.i ,

,./,n_ {tt nJ

't/ | t

,,\'i1, ,

i./:/l/.;

i,'

Page 25: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

Cco iiu."n

Eev,rs,Lt*(),- , l'. hr gt.i'i,

-- *'iI

II

'l1

l,:j

il

..4 i

a

il

c(e lt,au.(, !; ccific,,rtc - cccli'krI

*,t1.-

!,.i'.:>11| ; '-:n I!-.1t/\

t

a)

ll

ii

*ri' P.ra= llr

;Y i i-1.\'."t ht a,i,1

A.I:'1.'t

t, )it.,i

.,,t

ttllr

ti',r,. i-

i ,,. '. I

i,l-l,rli-. j' :'r{

.: \'

',,i' ' a:i

I

I

,,,+lr\'i

!'/ tt-1

J'J-,: tnn ..:'i'./.r- i,. \

r v\t t ,r, ,!t

Page 26: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

ti^ itiIi --- I\-L-O i L

IrJ_tlLci, T- d,-

JL anPe lut

.? ^,\/ \./J(,xi\ i t\ADp

itl^ ".-tI lt i!-1['r r naDP

II'

d-*.,

i<rI ),

lnltl[ . sr'l't

1.\

I+*I

r .a.'3=t;) 4. \

I

Page 27: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

AJi.h otic:-i t*,=:-l Ji#'fi

:\-: .i :.

\rI}ti c[i1c€

,i

iJ"lf t

1l1r!;:

..4--->

r"irift-\\

*u(,

Wei

v]1 tL\0.

Ql\<rr,rr\ b.'.\ c1Y1 C( i o0) {Y ,-*'fr

A,x,^t

t"fl t 4 ivi-r,.t

, ,+\ jr.-l'.

lll.i..n* t)1,,(u G

:_,r

,\_

(r Vol o r ', fr J.u X, o ,,n.UJ, -- ln

6'",\.1

,A3

,,(-<r h, -' fu,(,,.,i L 3

Page 28: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

Coo\ir,tc,rd

I

---> i-.;.: .li/t*+, ---%.>w:i,'r( r "

tow el

';*; ;-t +'n'-

\1'-i ll

.-, ..1

I

I

I:,.i

iII/,///FtA

.// I.4' I.1. r

{\r'',c{}.r$i'; tf r_-n.:{alLq

.,- ' ,a ..-I y't ,.+^, ie;

Y I i''"1,\\)) + *"\

i r':-"'- 't--,: rtr i. ,: r-1. j..j

At'ttf ,/.- -]' I r.r ; /l':.!/: - .j

ii',,!.- ,_:,.1.

r-;r \ .-r I

ffi * rn.,i;-',rC'* L.'

h." (

\./ \n\' 1in /

I r \,{V,,4

\'il,l j *r

lir,*L r,t,

f\\-, t,/cr,r.-l-

ffio c*,

\

),. r

ri"i.;*

tfYl

riI

I

tt'1

i

' { \/ft1, \ 4,,,-re\a_ \

Page 29: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

I

h + { Vt =- co^shs4t

" - Ah-.:-riJi = o- -; cIL; v ,t; -

Page 30: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

ot; prti ,u -GJp

--f- tor - fs**+*po pce.cs-u>

3

Page 31: Notebook Thermodynamics2 Ahmedawad

flc zzl<

"f ti*w

\\

tr o \-.,

./-/'

-/

\\

\J, \\ >' r-..........*y,

//

-.'

l{ (t V.) V,

At) r V.( Lrr

U- ,p\<r ;, /r <t?

^\>i r/)\t- 'a\

vr-*__->

-'--

--+tt 1_