1 Noise contour calculation from measured data Runway 03/21 Lisbon Airport Pablo Gauna Abstract: Noise is nowadays the most important environmental affection in the airport surroundings. As the air transport is growing continuously, the number of planes overflying the cities is also increasing and the noise problem doesn´t seem to decrease in the next years. Lisbon airport is an exceptional example of this problem as it is located into the city and its operational routes pass over very populated areas. To measure the noise impact nowadays the most used tool are the noise contours over a map around the airport. Those noise contours are calculated from flight reports and data from the aircraft manufacturers. This work tries to propose a method to obtain the noise contours for the runway 03/21 from Lisbon airport from measures instead of the data given by the airport and the different aircraft manufacturers. Not 24 hour measures are needed to obtain the noise contours with this method due to the definition of the “typical hours”, average hours depending on the aircraft type and the part of the day. As part of future study a proposal from the author (Multiple threshold), of defining two thresholds in the 03 runway, one for D and E type planes and the other one for C or lower type planes, is described as an idea for decrease the noise levels in the approximation maneuver to that runway. Keywords: Noise, Noise contour, Lisbon airport, Multiple threshold 1. INTRODUCTION Acoustic contamination is nowadays an inherent phenomenon to every urban area, and constitutes an ambient factor of singular impact over the life quality of their inhabitants. In a great number of instances, aircraft noise simply merges into the urban din, a cacophony of buses, trucks, motorcycles, automobiles and construction noise. However, in locations closer to airports and aircraft flight tracks, aircraft noise becomes more of a concern (source: FAA, 1985 [1]). Airports with noise problems and air authorities are introducing operational restrictions and taxes to the most noisiness airplanes and reducing the operation of the airports in determined parts of the day. Trying to coordinate all these policies from the different airports, ICAO developed the “Balance Approach” in 2004 (Doc 9829, AN/451) [2] and revised it in 2007. This document tries to address aircraft noise problems at individual airports in an environmentally responsible way and to achieve the maximum environmental benefit most cost-effectively. One of the first steps when analyzing the noise problem around an airport is to create a noise contour map to have a clear idea of the impact over the different parts of the city of the noise produced by the airplanes. Nowadays these noise contours are calculated by computer programs such as INM or ANCON [3] from previous flight reports. Adapting the recommendations given by ICAO, ECAC, SAE 1 and other works about constructing noise contours, this document tries to achieve a method to calculate noise contours around airports from measures made in the street. To test the availability of the method, a study will be done for the runway 03/21 from Lisbon airport in its west side. In section 2 the noise indicators are exposed and there is a summary of the recommended techniques to calculate the noise contours and some works related to measured noise contours are shown. In section 3 the proposed method is described and the noise surface is calculated for the area of study. In section 4 the “multiple threshold” proposal is described and, at last, section 5 is dedicated to the conclusions. 2. NOISE INDICATORS & NOISE CONTOURS 2.1. NOISE INDICATORS The Equivalent Continuous Sound level (Leq) is the most common used indicator in ambient acoustic because is representative of the relevant characteristics of the ambient sound (in audible perception terms), is relevant for all the 1 “Circ.205 ICAO”[4], “Doc.29 ECAC”[5], “SAE-AIR- 1845 [6]”
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1
Noise contour calculation from measured data
Runway 03/21 Lisbon Airport
Pablo Gauna
Abstract: Noise is nowadays the most important environmental affection in the airport surroundings. As the air transport is
growing continuously, the number of planes overflying the cities is also increasing and the noise problem doesn´t seem to
decrease in the next years. Lisbon airport is an exceptional example of this problem as it is located into the city and its
operational routes pass over very populated areas. To measure the noise impact nowadays the most used tool are the noise
contours over a map around the airport. Those noise contours are calculated from flight reports and data from the aircraft
manufacturers. This work tries to propose a method to obtain the noise contours for the runway 03/21 from Lisbon airport
from measures instead of the data given by the airport and the different aircraft manufacturers. Not 24 hour measures are
needed to obtain the noise contours with this method due to the definition of the “typical hours”, average hours depending
on the aircraft type and the part of the day. As part of future study a proposal from the author (Multiple threshold), of
defining two thresholds in the 03 runway, one for D and E type planes and the other one for C or lower type planes, is
described as an idea for decrease the noise levels in the approximation maneuver to that runway.