Nky;epiy Kjyhk; Mz;L ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhtpil 1. tho;j;J ... · 11- jkpo; jhs; 1 2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; ntw;wpf;F top [email protected] - 5 -

11- jkpo; jhs; 1 2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; ntw;wpf;F top

[email protected] - 1 - www.waytosuccess.org

Nky;epiy Kjyhk; Mz;L ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhtpil

1. tho;j;J FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. Fwpg;G tiuf.

m) jhAkhdth; gpwe;j Ch; : jpUkiwf;fhL fhyk; : fp.gp 18-Mk; E}w;whz;L ngw;Nwhh; : Nfbypag;g gps;is – nf[ty;yp mk;ikahh; ngah;f;fhuzk; : jpUr;rpuhg;gs;sp jhAkhdtg; ngUkhd; mUshy; gpwe;jikahy; ,g;ngah; ngw;whh;. kidtp ngah; : kl;Lthh; Foyp (,tiu kze;Jk; ,y;yw tho;tpy; gw;wpd;wp ,Ue;jhh;)

2. Fwpg;G tiuf. M) eP.fe;jrhkpg; Gyth; gpwe;j Ch; : gs;spafuk; gpwg;G : 09-06-1898 ngw;Nwhh; : ePyNkfk; gps;is - nrse;jputy;yp mk;ikahh; gbg;G : gs;sp ,Wjp tFg;G tiu rpwg;G : gd;nkhopg;Gyth; ,wg;G : 18-06-1977

3. Fwpg;G tiuf. ,) Rg;gpukzpa ghujpahh; gpwe;j Ch; : jpUney;Ntyp khtl;lk; vl;laGuk; gpwg;G : 11-12-1882 ngw;Nwhh; : rpd;drhkp Iah;-,yf;Fkp mk;ikahh; gilg;Gfs; : fz;zd; ghl;L> ghQ;rhyp rgjk;> Fapy;ghl;L ,wg;G : 11-09-1921

4. ,iwtd; ,ay;Gfshfj; jhAkhdth; njhptpj;Js;sd ahit? ,iwtd; mUSUtha; gOj;Js;s goj;jpd; Ritahdtd;. fUk;ghfTk;> NjdhfTk;> mkph;jkhfTk; mbath;f;F ,dpg;gtd;. fz;izg;Nghy ,d;wpaikahjtd;. cyfpy; fpilj;jw;F mhpa nghUsidj;Jk; jUk; rpwe;j nghUshdtd;.

5. eP. fe;jrhkpg; Gyth; mth;fs; jkpo;j;jhapd; ngUikia vq;qdk; Nghw;wpg; Gfo;e;Js;shh;? cyfpy; Njhd;wpa goq;fhy kf;fs; jk; cs;sf; fUj;ij kw;wth;f;Ff; ifr;iriffshy;

njhptpj;J te;jdh;. mf;fhyk; ePq;fpl> jkpo;kf;fs; nky;y ehitairj;Jg; NgRkhW nra;j jkpo;j;jhapd;

jpUtbfspy; jiyitj;J Vj;jpg;gzpNthk; vd eP. fe;jrhkpg;Gyth; mth;fs; jkpo;j;jhapd; ngUikiag; Nghw;wpg;Gfo;e;Js;shh;.

6. ghujj;jhapd; ngUikfisg; ghujpahh; vt;thW Gfo;e;Jiuj;Js;shh;? vq;fs; jhaha; tpsq;Fk; ghujj;jhNa! eP vy;yhr; nry;tq;fisAk; epuk;gg; ngw;Ws;sha;. cdf;F epfh; vtUk; ,yh;. eP vj;jifa jPq;Fkw;W tpsq;Ffpwha;. gytif mzpfisg; G+z;L mofha; tpsq;Ffpd;wha; vd;W ghujpahh; $Wfpwhh;.

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs;: 1. ghujpahhpd; Kg;ngUk; gilg;Gfs; ahit?

fz;zd; ghl;L Fapy; ghl;L ghQ;rhyp rgjk;

2. ghujpahh; elj;jpa ,jo;fs; ahit? ,e;jpah tp[ah

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3. ,iwtd; vt;ntt; nghUs;fsha; tpsq;Ftjha;j; jhAkhdth; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;?

,iwtd;> mUs; gOj;j gor;RitahAk;> fUk;ghAk;> NjdhAk;> mkph;jkhAk;> fz;zhAk;> mhpa nghUsidj;Jk; jUk; guk;nghUshAk;> G+uzkhAk;> Gdpj tho;thAk;> tpOg;nghUshAk; tpsq;Ftjha; jhAkhdth; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.

2. njhifE}y;fs;

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. GwehD}W gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. ,J vl;Lj;njhif E}y;fSs; xd;W. 400 mftw;ghf;fisf; nfhz;lJ. Gwk;> Gwg;ghl;L vd toq;fg;gLk;. gy;NtW fhyq;fspy; tho;e;j gy;NtW Gyth;fshy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.

2. tiuah kugpd; khhpNghy – ctikia tpsf;fpg; nghUNshL nghUj;Jf.

ctik : mstpd;wp nga;tJ kio ctNkak; : Ngfd;; mstpd;wp nfhil nfhLg;gtd;. ctk cUG : Nghy

tpsf;fk; : kio vt;tplj;jpYk; tiuaiw ,y;yhky; vq;Fk; nga;aty;yJ. mJNghyg; NgfDk; tiuaiw ,y;yhkYk;> MuhahkYk; nfhLf;fpd;w ,ay;Gilatd; vd;gjhFk;.

3. fow;fhy; Ngfidg; guzh; vq;qdk; Gfo;e;Jiuj;Js;shh;?

kio vq;F vt;tplj;jpy; vg;gbg; nga;a Ntz;Lk; vd tiuaiw ,y;yhky; nga;Ak;. mJNghy fow;fhy; NgfDk; nfhilf; nfhLj;jypy; mwpahik cs;stdha; ,Ug;ghd;. Mdhy; gpwh; gilnfhz;L Nghhpl te;jhy; Nghh; newpf;F khwha;r; nray;glhky; Nghh; Ghpthd;

vdg; Gfo;e;Jiuj;Js;shh;. 4. mfehD}W Fwpg;G tiuf.

mfg;nghUs; gw;wp $WtJ. mbtiuaiw 13 Kjy; 31 tiu fspw;wpahid epiu> kzpkpilg;gtsk;> epj;jpyf;Nfhit vd Kg;gphpTfisf; nfhz;lJ. njhFj;jth; kJiu cg;G+hpFbfpohh; kfdhh; cUj;jpurd;kh;

5. xsitahh; gw;wp Fwpg;G tiuf.

rq;ffhy ngz;ghw; Gyth;fSs; rpwe;J tpsq;fpath;. mjpakhd; neLkhdQ;rp vd;w FWepy kd;dDld; Mo;e;j el;G nfhz;lth;. mjpakhdplkpUe;J mupa ney;ypf;fdpiag; ngw;wtu;. xsitahh; ghba ghly;fs; GwehD}W> ew;wpiz> FWe;njhifapy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

6. epuk;gh ePspil vj;jifaJ?

,J ePz;l fhl;L topg;gFjp vg;gbr; nry;tJ vd kaq;Fk; tz;zk; gyfpis topfisf; nfhz;lJ. mq;F xNu <w;wpy; 3 Fl;bfis <d;W typikaw;W Nrhh;e;J grpNahL ,Ue;jJ ngz;Gyp. mjd; grpiag;Nghf;f Ntl;ilahLk; nghUl;L Mz;Gyp khdpd; elkhl;lj;ij Muha;e;jgb

cyTk;. ,j;jifaJ epuk;gh ePspil. 7. mfehD}w;wpy; mike;j Fwpg;Gg; nghUisj; njspTgLj;Jf.

%d;W Fl;bfis <d;w ngz;Gypapd; grpiag; Nghf;Fk; nghUl;L Mz;GypahdJ khdpd; elkhl;lj;ij Muha;e;jgb cyTk;> fhl;ilf; fle;J nry;fpwhu; jiytu;. mf;fhl;rpiaf; fhZk; jiytu; jiytpapd; Neha;f;F ,uq;fp tpiue;J tUthu; vd;gNj mfehD}w;wpd; Fwpg;Gg;nghUs;.





















8. Iq;FWE}W gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 3 mb rpWikAk; 6 mb ngUikAk; nfhz;lJ. kUjk;> nea;jy;> FwpQ;rp> ghiy> Ky;iy vd;Dk; thpirKiwapy; ghly;fs;

mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. xt;nthUjpizf;Fk; E}W ghly;fshf 500 ghly;fisf; nfhz;lJ. Ie;J E}WfisAk; njhFj;jth; Gyj;Jiw Kw;wpa $lY}h; fpohh;.

9. fgpyh; gw;wp Fwpg;G tiuf.

GydOf;fw;w me;jzhsd; vdg; Gfog;gl;lth;. ts;sy; ghhpapd; mitf;fsg;Gyth; ,thpd; ghl;L td;ikf;F “fgpyuJ ghl;L” vd;Dk; njhlNu rhd;whFk;. FwpQ;rpg;ghl;ilAk;> gjpw;Wg;gj;jpy; Vohk; gj;ijAk; ghbAs;shh;.

10. jiykfw;Fj; Njhop $wpad ahit?

fz;Nlhh; jPg;gpok;GfNsh vd mQ;Rk; kyh;fisf; nfhz;l Ntq;if kuj;jpd; kPJ tPw;wpUe;j kapy;> mofpa mzpfyd; mzpe;j ,sk;ngz; Nghy; Njhd;Wtjw;F ,ldhd kiyehlNd!

vk; jiytpapd; kq;fy kidapy; jpUkzk; epfo;j;j VJtha;> Kd;G fsT fhyj;jpy; ahUf;Fk; njhpahky; ,ts; $e;jypy; kyh; R+l;ba eP> ,d;W gyUk; kfpOk;gb kyh; R+l;bdha;. ,j;jifa ngUik tha;e;j nray;nra;j cd;idg; ngw;nwLj;j> cd; ngw;Nwhh; vd;d jtk; nra;jhNuh! mth; ePz;l fhyk; tho;f!

11. Iq;FWE}w;Wg;ghlyhy; mwpatUk; cs;Siw nghUisj; njspTgLj;Jf.

“jiytNd epd; cwtpdh; ,d;W jiytpf;Fj; jpUkzk; fUjpg; G+r;R+l;br; rpwg;G nra;jdh;. ePNah mtNshL gofpapUe;j ehs;fspNyNa mtSf;F kzkfl;Nfhyk; Nghy moF nra;J kfpo;e;jpUe;jid vd;gNj cs;Siw ctkk;.

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs;: 1. Nkw;fzf;F E}y;fs; ahit?

gj;Jg;ghl;L vl;Lj;njhif

2. vl;Lj;njhif E}y;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf. 1. ew;wpiz 2. FWe;njhif 3. Iq;FWE}W 4. gjpw;Wg;gj;J

5. ghpghly; 6. fypj;njhif 7. mfehD}W 8. GwehD}W 3. vl;Lj;njhif E}y;fSs; Gwk; gw;wpad ahit?

gjpw;Wg;gj;J GwehD}W

4. Gwj;jpizfs; vj;jid tifg;gLk;? mit ahit?

Gwj;jpizfs; gd;dpuz;L tifg;gLk;. mit> 1. ntl;rp 2. fue;ij 3. tQ;rp 4. fhQ;rp 5. nehr;rp 6. copiQ 7. Jk;ig 8. thif 9. ghlhz; 10. nghJtpay; 11. iff;fpis 12. ngUe;jpiz

5. Ngfd;-Fwpg;G tiuf.

filnaO ts;sy;fSs; xUth; fhd kQ;iQf;F fypq;fk; ey;fpa GfOf;Fhpatd; NgfdJ Ch; ey;Y}h;> vd;Wk;> mtd; Mtpah; Fbapy; gpwe;jtd; vd;gJk; njhpatUfpd;wJ.

6. nfhilklk;> gilklk;-NtWgLj;Jf.

,y;yhjth;f;Fk; cs;sth;f;Fk; ,ue;jth;f;Fk; ,uthjth;f;Fk; ghFghbd;wp tiuahJ nfhLj;jy; nfhilklk;

tPuh; my;yhjhh; NkYk;> KJfpl;lhh; NkYk;> Gz;gl;lhh; NkYk;> %j;jhh; ,isahh; NkYk; nry;Yjy; gilklk;.





















7. mfehD}w;wpd; gphpTfs; ahit? 1. fspw;wpahid epiu - 120 ghly;fs; 2. kzpkpilgtsk; - 180 ghly;fs; 3. epj;jpyf;Nfhit - 100 ghly;fs;

8. mfehD}w;W ghly;fspd; itg;G Kiwia vOJf. FwpQ;rp jpiz - 2> 8 vd tUk; ghly;fs; Ky;iyj;jpiz - 4> 14 vd tUk; ghly;fs; kUjj;jpiz - 6> 16 vd tUk; ghly;fs; nea;jy; jpiz - 10> 20 vd tUk; ghly;fs; ghiyj;jpiz - 1> 3> 5 vd tUk; ghly;fs;

9. mfehD}w;iw njhFj;jth; kw;Wk; njhFg;gpj;jth; ngah;fis vOJf.

njhFj;jth; - kJiu cg;G+hpFbfpohh; kfdhh; cUj;jpurd;kh; njhFg;gpj;Njhh; - ghz;bad; cf;fpug;ngUtOjp

10. nts;sp tPjpahh;-Fwpg;G tiuf.

rq;f fhyj;jpy; tho;e;j ngz;ghw;Gyth; Mjpke;jpiag; Nghy; ,tSk; jd; fztidj; Njb miye;jhs; vd rq;fg; ghly;fs; $Wfpd;wd. ,th; FWe;njhifapy; 8 ghly;fSk;> ew;wpiz kw;Wk; FWe;njhifapy; 2 ghly;fSk;>

jpUts;Stkhiyapy; xU ghlYk; ghbAs;shh;. 11. Iq;FWE}w;iwg; ghba Gyth;fspd; ngah;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.

FwpQ;rp - fgpyh; Ky;iy - Ngadhh; kUjk; - Xuk;Nghfpahh; nea;jy; - mk;%tdhh; ghiy - Xjyhe;ijahh;

12. Iq;FWE}w;iwj; njhFj;Njhh; kw;Wk; njhFg;gpj;Njhiu vOJf.

njhFj;Njhh; - Gyj;Jiw Kw;wpa $lY}h; fpohh; njhFg;gpj;Njhh; - ahidf;fl;Nra; khe;juQ;Nruy; ,Uk;nghiw

3. mw ,yf;fpak; - jpUf;Fws;

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. jpUf;Fwspd; gFg;Gfs; ahit?

mwj;Jg;ghy; nghUl;ghy; fhkj;Jg;ghy;

2. jpUf;FwSf;F toq;Fk; NtWngah;fs; ahit? Kg;ghy; cj;juNtjk; nja;tE}y; thAiw tho;j;J jkpo;kiw nghJkiw

3. jpUts;StUf;F toq;Fk; NtWngah;fs; ahit? Kjw;ghtyh; nja;tg;Gyth; khjhDgq;fp nre;ehg;Nghjhh;





















ngha;apy; Gyth; ngUehtyh; ehadhh; Njth;

4. mkuUs; ca;g;gJ vJ?

mkuUs; ca;g;gJ mlf;fk; vd;Dk; rpwe;j Fzk;. 5. MhpUs; ca;g;gJ vJ?

MhpUs; ca;g;gJ mlq;fhik vd;Dk; jPa Fzk;. 6. kiyapDk; khzg;nghpJ vJ?

jdf;Fhpa epiyapypUe;J khWglhky; mlf;fj;NjhL tho;gtDila cah;T kiyapDk; khzg;nghpJ. 7. xUikAs; Mik Nghy; - tpsf;F.

Mik jdf;Fj; Jd;gk; tUk;NghJ Ie;J cWg;GfisAk; jd; Xl;bDs; mlf;fpf; fhj;Jf;nfhs;Sk;.

mJNghy xU gpwg;gpy; xUtd; jd; Ik;nghwpfisAk; mlf;fp tho;thdhapd;> mJ mtDf;F VO gpwtpfSf;Fk; fhtyha; mikAk;.

8. Nguwpthsd; jpU vj;jifaJ?

Nguwpthsdplk; cs;s nry;tk;> Ch; eLNt cs;s ePh;epiwe;j Fsk; Nghy ahth;f;Fk; gad;gLk;. 9. eaDilahd; fz;gLk; nry;tj;Jf;F $wg;gLk; ctikiar; Rl;Lf.

ey;ygz;G cs;stdplk; NrUk; nry;tkhdJ CUf;Fs;Ns gokuk; gOj;jpUg;gJ Nghy midtUf;Fk; gad;gLk;.

10. ngUe;jifahd; fz;gLk; nry;tk; vjw;F xg;ghdjhFk;?

ngUe;jifahdplk; cs;s nry;tk; gpzp jPh;f;Fk; kUe;jhfpg; gad;ju jtwhj kUe;J kuk;Nghy vg;NghJk; gad; jUtjhFk;.

11. tpw;Wf; Nfhs; jf;fJ cilj;J - vJ?

gpwUf;F cjTtjhy; xUtUf;Fg; nghUl;NfL Kjypa Vw;gLkhdhy;> mf;NfL xUtd; jd;id tpw;whtJ nfhs;sj;jf;fjhFk;.

12. xUtd; Muha Ntz;ba ehy;tif typikfs; ahit?

jhd; nra;af;fUjpa nraypd; typik mij nra;a tpUk;Gk; jd; typik mjw;F CW nra;J tpyf;ff;$ba giftdJ typik jdf;Fj; Jizahthh;> gifth;f;Fj; Jizahthh; typik.

13. ,ilf;fz; Khpe;jhh; gyh; -ahh;?

jk;kplKs;s typikia mwpahjtuha; kdntOr;rpapdhNy J}z;lg;gl;Lr; nraiyj; njhlq;fptpl;L> ,ilapNy Njhw;Wg;Nghdth;fs; gyh; cs;sdh;.

14. nghUisg;Nghw;wp toq;Fk; newpahf ts;Sth; ciug;gd ahit? jd;dplKs;s nghUspd; msitj; njhpe;J> mjw;Fj; jFe;j msNt nfhLj;J cjt Ntz;Lk;. mJNt nghUisg;gw;wp Nghw;wp toq;Fk; newpahf ts;Sth; $Wfpwhh;.

15. gPypnga; rhfhL czh;j;Jk; cz;ik ahJ?

nky;ypa kapypwNf MapDk;> jhq;Fk; msTf;F Nky; Vw;wpdhy; typa tz;bapd; mr;R KwpAk;. mJNghy vspauhapDk; gyh; xd;W $bdhy; mth; kpf;f typatuhthh;.





















16. $ifiaf; fhf;if gfy; nty;Yk;-tpsf;Ff. $if> fhf;ifiaf; fhl;bYk; typik tha;e;jJ. MapDk; mjw;Fg; gfypy; fz; njhpahJ. mf;fhyk; mwpe;J fhfk; mjid nty;Yk;.

17. Cf;fKilatd; xLf;fj;jpw;Ff; fhl;lg;gLk; ctikiar; Rl;Lf.

Cf;fk; cilatd; fhyj;ij vjph;ghh;j;J mlq;fpapUg;gjhdJ> Ml;Lf;flh gifiaj; jhf;Ftjw;F gpd;thq;Fk; jd;ikia Nghd;wJ.

18. nfhf;F fhykwpjYf;F Vw;w ctikahjy; ahq;qdk;?

tha;g;gw;w fhyj;jpy; nfhf;ifg;Nghy; mikjpahf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. chpa fhyk; tha;j;jJk; nfhf;ifg;Nghy tpiue;J nraiy Kbf;f Ntz;Lk;.

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. jpUf;Fws;- Fwpg;G tiuf.

jpUf;Fws; jpUts;Stuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ. ,e;E}y; 133 mjpfhuq;fisAk; 1330 ghly;fisAk; nfhz;lJ. ,e;E}y; Kg;ngUk; gphpTfis nfhz;lJ. jpUf;Fws; jkpo;khjpd; ,dpa caph;epiy vdg;Nghw;wg;gLfpwJ.

2. jpUf;Fwspy; cs;s ,ay;fs; vj;jid? mit ahit? jpUf;Fwspy; cs;s ,ay;fs; xd;gJ>

mwj;Jg;ghy; - ghaputpay;> ,y;ywtpay;> Jwtwtpay;> Copay; nghUl;ghy; - murpay;> mq;ftpay;> xopgpay; fhkj;Jg;ghy; - fstpay;> fw;gpay;

3. fhf;f nghUsh mlf;fj;ij – tpsf;fk; jUf.

kf;fs; caph;f;F mlf;fj;ij tpl Nkk;gl;l nry;tk; NtW ,y;iy Mifahy; me;j mlf;fj;ij cWjpg;nghUshff; nfhz;L mopahky; fhf;f Ntz;Lk;.

4. mwf;flTs; ahUila ,Ug;gplj;ijj; Njbr; nry;thh;?

rpdj;ijf;fhj;J> fy;tp fw;W> mlq;fp tho;jiyAk; Nkw;nfhs;gtdpd; xOq;iff; fz;L mwf;flTNs mtd; ,Ug;gplk; Njbr;nry;thh;.

4. njhlh;epiyr;nra;As; m) rPtf rpe;jhkzp

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. rpe;jhkzp-ngah;f;fhuzk; jUf.

rpe;jhkzp vd;gjw;F xspFd;whj kzp vd;gJ nghUs;. ,e;E}y; Fd;Wjy; ,y;yhky; moFj;jkpo; eilapidg; ngw;Ws;sJ. jkpo; khe;juhy; jk; neQ;rpy; itj;Jg; Nghw;wg;gLtJ. ,jdhy; ,e;E}y; ,g;ngah; ngw;wJ.

2. rpe;jhkzpf;F toq;fg;gLk; NtWngah;fs; ahit?

rPtf rpe;jhkzp kzE}y; Kf;jp E}y;

3. rpe;jhkzpapy; vj;jid ,yk;gfq;fs; cs;sd?

13 ,yk;gfq;fs; cs;sd. ehkfs; ,yk;gfk; Kjy; Kf;jp ,yk;gfk; tiu.

4. jpUj;jf;fNjth; Gide;j NtnwhU E}y; ahJ?

ehptpUj;jk;





















5. jj;ijapd; ahopirahy; epfo;e;jd ahit? jj;ij ahio thrpj;jthW mjw;Nfw;g ghbdhs;. mJ Nfl;L ,iyfis cila Nrhiyfs; cUfp tise;jd. gl;l kuq;fs; Jsph;j;jd. fpd;duk;> kpJdk; Nghd;w gwitfs; jk;ik kwe;J epyj;jpy; tPo;e;jd.

6. jj;ij ,irkuGf;Nfw;g ,ir toq;fpaik ahq;qdk;?

jj;ij ghLk; NghJ ,ilg;gpq;fiyapd; ,af;fk; Mf;fp> elTj; njhopy; tug;ghbdhs;. ,t;thW ,ir kuGf;Nfw;g ghbaikahy; GUtq;fs; new;wpapy; Vwtpy;iy. fz;fs; miratpy;iy. njhz;il tpk;ktpy;iy. gw;fs; ntspNa njhpatpy;iy.

7. nfhbg; Gy;Yk; nfhb-tpsf;Ff.

rPtfid fz;lJk; jj;ij mtd; kPJ fhjy; nfhz;lhs;. mjdhy; Nty; gha;e;j khd;Nghy; tUe;jpdhs;; jpifj;jhs;; ngU%r;R tpl;lhs;; eLq;fpdhs;. gpd;> Njhop tPzhgjpia xU nfhbiaj; jOTk; kw;nwhU nfhbNghyj; jOtpdhs;.

8. gUe;Jk; epoYk; Nghy ctikia tpsf;Ff.

ctik : gUe;J cau gwf;Fk; NghJ G+kpapy; mjd; epoy; gpd;Dk; mNj Kiwapy; nry;Yk;. ctNkak; : rPtfd; ghlYk; ahopirAk; ,ize;jpUe;jJ. ctk cUG : Nghy nghUj;jk; : gUe;J ghl;Lf;F ctikahapw;W. mjhtJ gUe;J Nghy rPtfd; ghl;Lk; epoy;Nghy mg;ghl;Lf;F mtd; thrpj;j aho; thrpg;Gk; ,Ue;jd vd;gjhFk;.

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs;: 1. Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fs; ahit?

rpyg;gjpfhuk; kzpNkfiy rPtfrpe;jhkzp tisahgjp Fz;lyNfrp

2. fhe;jUtjj;ijahh; ,yk;gfk; - Fwpg;G tiuf. rPtfrpe;jhkzpapy; fhe;jUtjj;ijahh; gw;wpa epfo;Tfis $Wtjhy; fhe;jUtjj;ijahh;

,yk;gfk; Mapw;W. nts;spkiyapYs;s tpj;jpahjuh; Nte;jd; fYoNtfdpd; kfs; fhe;jUtj;ij Mths;. fhe;jUtj;j;ijapd; jpUkz epfo;Tfs; gw;wpa nra;jpfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. NkYk; aho; kw;Wk; mjd; rpwg;gpid gw;wpAk; ,e;E}ypy; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.

3. ifj;njhopy; nghUe;jg;ghLjy; vd;why; vd;d?

vz;tif Kiwikawpe;J ghLjy; ifj;njhopy; nghUe;jg;ghLjy; vdg;gLk;. mitahtd> gz;zy;> ghptl;liz> Muha;jy;> ijtuy;> nryT> tpisahl;L> ifA+o;>

FWk;Nghf;F Mfpad vz;tif Kiwikfs; MFk;.

4. euk;gpw; gpwe;j nghy;yhikfs; ahit? nrk;gif - ,d;gkpy; Xir Mh;g;G - mstpwe;jpirg;gJ $lk; - kOq;fpapirg;gJ mjph;T - rpjwpAiuf;Feh; cr;rhpg;gpir

5. kuf;Fw;wq;fs; ahit? (m) gz;fs; kaq;Ftjw;F fhuzk; vd;d? ePhpNy epw;wy; mOFjy; neUg;gpNy NtFjy; ghhpNy epw;wy; ,b tpOjy;





















M) rPwhg;Guhzk; FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. rPwhg;Guhzk; vd;w njhlhpd; nghUs; ahJ?

rPwh+Guhzk;=rPwhg;Guhzk; rPwj; vd;Dk; muGnkhopr;nrhy; rPwh vdj; jphpe;jJ. rPwh-tho;f;if Guhzk;-tuyhW egpfs; ehafj;jpd; tho;f;if tuyhw;iw $Wk; E}y;

2. rPwhg;Guhzk; vj;jid fhz;lq;fis cilaJ? mit ahit? rPwhg;Guhzk; %d;W fhz;lq;fis cilaJ. mit>

tpyhjj;Jf;fhz;lk; EGt;tj;Jf;fhz;lk; `p[;uj;Jf; fhz;lk;

3. rPwhg;Guhzk; njhlq;fTk; Kw;WngwTk; Jizepd;w ts;sy; ngUkf;fs; ahth;?

ckWg;Gyth;> rPwhg;Guhzj;ijj; njhlq;f cjtpath; : ts;sy; rPjf;fhjp rPwhg;Guhzj;ij Kbf;f cjtpath; : mGy;fhrpk; kiuf;fhah;

4. ckWg;Gyth; - Mrphpah; Fwpg;G tiuf.

rPwhg;Guhzj;ij ,aw;wpath; ckWg;Gyth; Mthh;. mth; fbif Kj;Jg;Gythpd; khzth; Mthh;. ,th; KJnkhopkhiy vd;w 80 ghf;fshy; Md E}iyAk; gilj;jspj;Js;shh;. ckWg;Gythpd; fhyk; 17-k; E}w;whz;L

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. rpd;dr;rPwh Fwpg;G tiuf.

rPwhg;Guhzj;jpy; egpfs; ehafj;jpd; tho;T Kw;wpYkhfg; ghb epiwT nra;ag;gltpy;iy. gD} mFkJ kiuf;fhah; vd;gth;jhk; ngUkhdhhpd; jpUtho;T KOikAk; ghb Kbj;jhh;. me;j E}y; rpd;d rPwh vd toq;fg;gLfpwJ.

2. egpfs; ngUkhd; ghk;gpdplk; tpdtpaJ vd;d?

“ghk;Ng! xU Jd;gKw;W ,k;kiyf;Fiff;F te;J jq;fpapUf;Fk; ehq;fNsh vk; Kd;Ndhh;fNsh VNjDk; jPq;F ,ioj;Js;Nshkh?

ehq;fs; vf;Fw;wj;ijAk; nra;atpy;iy. mt;thW ,Uf;f eQ;R jiyf;Nfw eP jPz;baJ vf;fhuzj;jhy;?” vd;W ngUkhd; tpdhtpdhh;.

,) kNdhd;kzPak;

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. thNdhh;f;F vd;Wk; ctg;gha; ,Ug;gJ ahJ?

“me;jzh; tsh;f;Fk; nre;joy; jd;dpYk;……..thNdhh;f; nfd;WNk ctg;G” me;jzh; ahf Fz;lj;jpy; tsh;f;Fk; Nts;tpj;jPiaf; fhl;bYk; ehl;Lg;gw;W cs;sj;jpy;

%l;btpl;l Nfhgj;jPNa thNdhh;f;F vd;Wk; ctg;gha; ,Uf;Fk;.

2. KuriwAk; NghJ $wNtz;bad ahit? gifth;fNs! ghz;b ehl;L kf;fs; jq;fs; chpikiag; nghpajha; kjpf;Fk; gz;Gilath;fs;.

mth; tPuj;ijj; J}z;b tplhjPh;fs;. Rje;jpuNk ghz;ba ehl;lhUf;F caph; MFk;. Rje;jpuk; gw;wpa czh;Nt ghz;ba ehl;lhuJ

caph;%r;Rk; MFk;.

3. Gfopd; fhak; - vJ? Nghhpy; milAk; fhak; fhakd;W mJ ntw;wpj; nja;tk; Kj;jkpl;L mspj;j Kj;jpiu mJ gy jiyKiwf;Fg; Gfopd; rpd;dkha; tpsq;Fk;. Mjyhy; mJ Gfopd; fhakhFk;.





















4. ,ue;J Nfhl;lf;fJ ahJ? cyfpy; ,dp tutpUf;Fk; gy jiyKiw kf;fs; xt;nthU ehSk; jhk; mDgtpj;Jf; nfhz;L

tUk; chpik jk; Kd;Ndhh; Nghhpy; Vw;w Gz;fshy; jhk; mile;jJ vd;gij vz;Zth;. ,j;jifa Nkd;ik tha;e;j Gz;> gpwhplk; ,ue;jhtJ ngw;Wf;nfhs;sj;jf;fJ MFk;.

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. gpwe;jhh; vdg;glhjhh; ahh;?

cyfpy; xt;nthU fzj;jpYk; vj;jidNah Ngh; gpwf;fpd;wdh;. vj;jidNah Ngh; ,wf;fpd;wdh;. mtnuy;yhk; cyfpy; gpwe;jth;fsha; mwpQh;fshy; fUjg;gl khl;lhh;. mopahJ cyfpy; epiyj;J epw;Fk; Gfo; clk;ig ngwhjth; gpwe;jhh; vdg;glhjth; Mthh;.

2. ng.Re;juk;gps;is ,aw;wpa E}y;fs; ahit?

E}y;njhif tpsf;fk; jpUQhdrk;ge;jh; fhy Muha;r;rp jpUtpjhq;$h; gz;il kd;dh; fhy Muha;r;rp

<) Fapy;ghl;L

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. ghujpahhpd; Kg;ngUk; E}y;fshf Rl;lg;ngWgit ahit?

fz;zd; ghl;L Fapy; ghl;L ghQ;rhyp rgjk;

2. ghujpahh; elj;jpa ,jo;fs; ahit?

,e;jpah tp[ah

3. ghujpahhpd; trd ftpijfs; ahh; ahUila ftpijfNshL xg;gplg;gLfpd;wd?

mnkhpf;f ftpQh;fshd> thy;l; tpl;kd; fyPy; fpg;uhd;

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. ghujpahh; rpWFwpg;G tiuf.

J}j;Jf;Fb khtl;lk; vl;laGuj;jpy; rpd;drhkp> ,yf;Fkp ,izNahUf;F kfdhfg; gpwe;jhh;. ,sikapy; ftpghLk; jpwik ngw;wpUe;jjhy; ghujp vdg; Gfog;gl;lhh;. mbikgl;L fple;j ,e;jpahtpy; tPWnfhz;nlOe;j tpLjiy Ntl;iff;Fj; jk; ftpijfshy;

cuk; Cl;bath;. 2. ghujpahh; vOjpa ciueilE}y;fs; ahit?

Qhdujk; re;jphpifapd; fij juhR

5. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; m) mofh; fps;istpLJ}J

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. J}jhf mDg;gj;jf;f nghUl;fs; ahit?

md;dk; kapy; fpsp Fapy; tz;L neQ;rk;





















Kfpy; njd;wy; khd; jkpo;

2. gygl;lilr; nrhf;fehj gps;is vOjpa E}y;fs; ahit?

kJiu Kk;kzpf;Nfhit NjitAyh njd;wy;tpL J}J

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. J}J Fwpg;G tiuf.

J}J jkpopy; toq;Fk; 96 tifr; rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fSs; xd;W. jiytd; xUtd;ghy; fhjy; nfhz;l jiytp xUj;jp jd; fhjiyj; jiytDf;F ciuj;J>

mtd; khiyiag; ngw;W tUkhW J}J mDg;Gtjhfg; ghlg;gLtJ J}J vd;Dk; ,yf;fpakhFk;.

2. mhptbT kha;g;gpd; dud; khfpg; - ,t;thpfspy; $wg;gl;Ls;s nra;jp ahJ?

,t;thpfspy; jpUkhypd; eurpk;ktjhuk; rpwg;gpj;Jf; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. kdpj clYk; rpq;f Kfkhfg; nghpa J}zpy; ,Ue;J ntspg;gl;L> ,uzpaidAk; mtdJ gilfisAk; mopj;jth; jpUkhy; vd;gJ ,t;thpfspd; fUj;J MFk;.

M) fypq;fj;Jg;guzp

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. ghl;bay; E}y;$Wk; guzpf;Fhpa ,yf;fzk; ahJ? Nghh;Kidapy; Mapuk; ahidfisf; nfhd;W ntw;wpf;nfhz;l tPuiug; ghLtJ guzp. 2. guzp Fwpj;J c.Nt.rh $WtJ ahit?

guzp ehs;kPd; fhspiaAk; akidAk; jd; nja;tkhfg; ngw;wJ. ,e;j ehs;kPdhy; te;j ngaNu E}Yf;F ngauhf te;jJ vd c.Nt.rh $Wfpwhh;.

3. nraq;nfhz;lhh; Fwpj;J Fwpg;G tiuf.

nraq;nfhz;lhh; fypq;fj;Jg;guzpapd; Mrphpah; Mthh;. ,th; FNyhj;Jq;f Nrhodpd; mitf;fsg;Gytuhf jpfo;e;jth;. ,th; fhyk; 11 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; ,WjpahfNth 12-Mk; E}w;whz;bd; Kw;gFjpahfNth

,Uf;fyhk;.

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. guzp-Fwpg;G tiuf.

96 tifr; rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fSs; xd;whFk;. Nghh;Kidapy; 1000 ahidfisf; nfhd;W ntw;wpnfhz;l tPuiug; ghLtijg; guzp vd;wdh;. Njhw;wth; ngahpy; guzp E}y; toq;fg;ngWk;.

2. jkpopy; Kjd; Kjypy; vOe;j guzp vJ? jkpopy; Kjd; Kjypy; vOe;j guzp fypq;fj;Jg; guzp ,J 509 jhopirfisf; nfhz;lJ. xl;lf;$j;jh; fypq;fj;Jguzpiaj; ‘njd;jkpo; nja;tg;guzp’ vd;W rpwg;gpj;Js;sh;.

3. ghzh; vd;W $wpg; gpioj;jhhpd; nray; ahJ? Nrhog;gilf;F mQ;rpa fypq;f tPuh;fs; gyh; ahidfspd; fOj;jpy; fple;j kzpfis vLj;Jf;

ifapy; Ve;jpf;nfhz;ldh;. ehq;fs; njYq;F ghzh;fs; vd;W nrhy;yp kzpfisj; jhsj;Jld; xypj;jdh;. NkYk;> Nridfs; kbe;J fplf;Fk; ,g;Nghh;f;fsj;jpidf; fz;L jpifg;Gw;W epw;fpNwhk;. ehq;fs; cq;fs; mbfspy; thOk; ghzh;fs; vd;W $wp Nrhoh;fspd; fhypy; tpOe;J tzq;fp

caph; jg;gpdh;.





















4. mkzh; vd;W $wpg;gpioj;jhhpd; nray;ahJ? Nrhog;gilf;F mQ;rpa fypq;f tPuh;fs; gyh; jg;gpg; gpiof;f Gjh;fspy; GFe;J Xbdh;. mg;NghJ mth;fsJ jiykapUk;> cLj;jp ,Ue;j MilAk; Kl;Gjhpy; rpf;fpg; gwpf;fg;gl;ld. ,t;thW gwpf;fg;gl;l KbAk; Nghf> kPjKs;s KbfisAk; jhq;fNs gwpj;Jf;nfhz;L ehq;fs; ‘mkzh;’ vd;W ngha;f;$wp jg;gpg;

gpioj;jdh;.

,) Kj;Jf;FkhuRthkp gps;isj;jkpo; FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. gps;isj;jkpo; ,yf;fzk; $Wf.

,J 96 tifr; rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fSs; xd;W. flTsiuNah> muriuNah> gpwiuNah Foe;ijaha;g; ghtpj;J Foe;ijg;gUt epfo;r;rpfs;

vy;yhk; mikag; ghlg;gngWtJ. ,J 10 gUtq;fisf; nfhz;lJ. gps;isj;jkpo; ,Utifg;gLk;. Mz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpo;> ngz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpo;

2. FkuFUguh; gw;wp rpWFwpg;G tiuf.

jhkpuguzp ejpf;fiuapYs;s jpUitFz;lj;jpy; rz;Kfrpfhkzp ftpuhaUf;Fk;> rptfhkRe;jhpf;Fk; kfdhfg; gpwe;jhh;.

gpwe;jJ Kjy; Ie;jhz;Lfs; tiuapy; Ngr;rpd;wp ,Ue;jhh;. jpUr;nre;J}h; KUfg;ngUkhd; jpUtUshy; NgRe;jpwk; ngw;whh;.

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. Mz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpo; gUtq;fs; ahit?

Mz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpo; gUtq;fs; 10 tifg;gLk; fhg;G> nrq;fPiu> jhy;> rg;ghzp> Kj;jk;> tUif> mk;Gyp ,UghyUf;Fk; nghJthd gUtq;fs;

MFk;. rpw;wpy;> rpWgiw> rpWNjh; Mfpad Mz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpOf;Fhpa gUtq;fs; MFk;.

2. ngz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpo; gUtq;fs; ahit?

ngz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpo; gUtq;fs; 10 tifg;gLk; fhg;G> nrq;fPiu> jhy;> rg;ghzp> Kj;jk;> tUif> mk;Gyp ,UghyUf;Fk; nghJthd gUtq;fs;

MFk;. mk;khid> ePuhly;> Cry; ngz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpOf;Fhpa gUtq;fs; MFk;.

3. FkuFUguh; vOjpa E}y;fs; ahit?

fe;jh; fypntz;gh kPdhl;rpak;ik gps;isj;jkpo; kJiuf;fyk;gfk; ePjpnewp tpsf;fk; fhrpf;fyk;gfk;

4. nrq;fPiuahLjy;-Fwpg;G tiuf.

nrq;fPiug;gUtk; gps;isj;jkpopd; ,uz;lhk; gUtkhFk;. nghUs; njhpahj xypia Foe;ij vOg;Gk; gUtj;ijf; Fwpg;gJ. njhl;by; gps;is jiyiaAah;j;jpf; ifahy; Cd;wp clk;ig mirj;jiyr; nrq;fPiuahLjy; vd;gh;.

<) ngj;jNyfk; FwtQ;rp

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. jQ;ir Ntjehaf rhj;jphpahh; vOjpa gpwE}y;fs; ahit?

Qhdj;jr;rd; QhdTyh Muhzhjpe;jk; gy;NtW fPh;j;jdq;fs;





















2. vt;tif mzp mikg;gpy; ngj;jNyfk; FwtQ;rp E}y; mike;Js;sJ? Kw;WUtf mzp

3. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; vj;jid tifg;gLk;? vitNaDk; Ie;J vOJf.

rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; 96 tifg;gLk; Nfhit> cyh> me;jhjp> gs;S> J}J> gps;isj;jkpo;> FwtQ;rp

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. FwtQ;rp E}ypd; nghJ mikg;gpid vOJf.

njUtpy; cyh tUk; nja;tj;ijNah> kd;didNah fz;L jiytp fhjy; nfhz;L kdk; eypjy;.

tPjpapNy Fwj;jp tUjy;> jiytp mtis mioj;Jf; FwpNfl;ly;. Fwj;jp jd; Fyg;ngUik> kiytsk; gw;wpg; Gfo;e;J $wpj; jiytpapd; fUj;ij fz;Lzh;e;J

ciuj;jy;> mjdhy; jiytp kdk; kfpo;e;J thpiraspj;jy;. 2. ngj;jNyfk; FwtQ;rp Fwpg;G tiuf.

ngj;jNyfk; FwtQ;rpia ,aw;wpath; jQ;ir Ntjehafk; rhj;jphpahh; Mthh;. cyhtUk; kd;dh; ,NaRthfTk;> NjtNkhfpdpahfpa jiytp rPNahd; kfshfTk; FwtQ;rp tpRthrkhfTk;> Fwp$Wjy; jPh;f;fjhprdkhfTk;> E}td; cgNjrpahfTk;> mth;fs; gpbf;Fk; gwitfshf kf;fSk;> mjw;Fg; gad;gLk; tiyahf ,iw thf;F vd;w

ew;nra;jpAk; cUtfpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. 3. jQ;ir Ntjehaf rhj;jphpahh; - rpWFwpg;G tiuf.

jpUney;Ntypapy; Njtrfhak;> Qhdg;G+ mk;ikahh; MfpNahUf;F kfdhfg; gpwe;jhh;. kjNghjfuhf tpsq;fpa Rthh;l;]; ghjphpahhpd; khzhf;fUs; xUtuhthh;. jQ;iria Mz;l ruNghrp kd;dUf;F cw;w ez;guhf tpsq;fpdhh;. ,thpd; fhyk; fp.gp 18-k; E}w;whz;L

kWkyh;r;rpg; ghly;fs; m) ve;ehNsh?

FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. jkpo;ehl;lhh; vj;jifa fPh;j;jpiag; ngwNtz;Lk; vdf; ftpQh; fdT fhz;fpwhh;?

jkpo;ehl;lhh; midtUk; fy;tp fw;W thoNtz;Lk; nrhy;Yjw;F mhpa ngUikAila fiy mwpthYk; tPuj;jhYk; md;ghYk; rpwe;jjhd

,kakiyiag;Nghy; cah;e;j Gfiog; ngw;W ,d;Gw;W thoNtz;Lk; ,j;jifa fPh;j;jpiaj; jkpo;ehl;L kf;fs; ngwNtz;Lk; vd ftpQh; fdT fhz;fpwhh;.

2. Gj;jfr; rhiyapy; ,Uf;fNtz;ba GJE}y;fshfg; ghNte;jh; ciug;gd ahit? rpj;jpu E}y;fs; fzpj E}y;fs; Muha;r;rp E}y;fs; rka E}y;fs; rpw;g E}y;fs; mwptpay; E}y;fs;

3. ftpQhpd; nrtpapy; gha Ntz;ba nra;jp ahJ? jk; jha;nkhopahfpa mofpa jkpioj; jkpo;rhd;Nwhh;fspd; ftpijfis Mapuf;fzf;fhd nkhopfis NgRk; kf;fs; jj;jk; nkhopfspy; nkhopngah;j;Jg; gbj;Jr; Ritf;f ,t;Tyfj;jhh; tpUk;Gfpd;wdh; vd;w nra;jpNa ftpQh; nrtpapy; gha Ntz;ba nra;jp vd;fpwhh;.

4. itak; fyq;FkhW jkpoh; nra;aj;jf;fJ ahJ? jkpoh; $l;lk; nts;sk; Nghd;wJ. tPuk; epiwe;jJ. jkpoh;fs; clyhy; gyuha;f; fhzg;gl;lhYk; cs;sj;jhy; xUtNu. fs;sj;jhy; mopj;Jtplyhk; vd;w vz;zj;NjhL ahUk; jkpoh;fis neUq;fKbahJ. ,t;Tyfj;jhh; midtUk; fyf;fj;NjhL fhZk; xw;Wik jkpoh;fspd; xw;Wik.





















5. MltUk; kfspUk; rkhdj;jh; MfNtz;Lk; vd;w fUj;jpidf; ftpQh; vq;qdk; $wpAs;shh;? fz;fSk; mtw;wpd; xspia NghyTk; mofpa kyh;fSk; mtw;wpd; kzKk; NghyTk; mg;nghpa jkpo;ehl;by; ngz;fSk; Mz;fSk; Fsph;e;j fly; Nghd;w md;ghy; xUtiu tpl;L xUth;

gphpahky; rkkhdth;fsha; tho;fpwhh;fs; vd;w nra;jpiaf; Nfl;f Ntz;Lk; vd Mrphpah; tpUk;Gfpwhh;. $Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. mopah Nrhjpkpf;f et ftpij Fwpg;G tiuf.

goikapd; ngUikia mbj;jskhfTk; Gjpa fsq;fisg; ghLnghUshfTk; nfhz;L vOe;jit kWkyh;r;rp ,yf;fpaq;fshFk;.

,tw;iw nghUs; mopah Nrhjpkpf;f et ftpij vdyhk;. ,it khdplj;jpd; tpOg;nghUs;fisAk; mtyq;fisAk; Gjpa Nehf;Fld; ghh;f;Fk;.

2. ghujpjhrd; rpWFwpg;G tiuf.

GJr;Nrhpapy; fdfrig> ,yf;Fkpak;khs; ,izaUf;F kfdhfg; gpwe;jth;. ,th; ,sikapNyNa gpnuQ;R nkhopapYk; jkpo;nkhopapYk; Gyik ngw;wth;. mth; jkpo;ehl;bd; ,uR+y; fk;rNjt; vd;W Nghw;wg;gLfpwhh;. jkpof muR ghujpjhrd; gy;fiyf;fofk; epWtp ,th; Gfiog; Nghw;wpAs;sJ.

3. ghujpjhrd; ,aw;wpa E}y;fs; ahit?

FLk;g tpsf;F> ghz;bad; ghpR> ,Uz;l tPL> jkpor;rpapd; fj;jp> Nruj;jhz;ltk;> gprpuhe;ijahh>; mofpd; rphpg;G> FwpQ;rpj;jpl;L Mfpad MFk;.

,th; ,aw;wpa gprpuhe;ijahh; ehlfk; rhfpj;jpa mfhnjkp ghpR ngw;wJ.

M) G+f;fl;Lk; Gjik FWtpdhf;fs; (Gj;jf tpdhf;fs;) 1. GJik vt;thW ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; vd;W ftpQh; tpUk;Gfpwhh;?

kdijf; ftUk; kzj;ijf;nfhz;l kyh;fisg; Nghy> ed;ikia mspj;J kf;fisf; fhf;fpd;wjha; GJik ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk; vdf; ftpQh;

tpUk;Gfpwhh;. 2. GJik vg;NghJ g+f;Fk; vd;fpwhh;?

mwptpdhy; Muha;e;J> J}atuhk; jpUts;Sth; fhl;Lk; topjdpNy nghJTilikr; rKjhak; fhz Kad;why; mg;NghJ vq;Fk; GJik G+f;Fk;.

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. Kbaurd; rpWFwpg;G tiuf.

ghujpjhrd; %j;j jiyKiwf; ftpQh;fSs; xUth;. kJiu khtl;lk; nghpaFsj;jpy; Rg;guhaY-rPjhyl;Rkp vd;ghUf;F kfdhfg;gpwe;jhh;. JiuuhR vd;w jk; ngaiu Kbaurd; vd khw;wpf;nfhz;lth;. ghujpjhrNdhL neUq;fp gofp mtUila Kw;Nghf;F vz;zq;fis Vw;Wg; ghbath;. jkJ kiwtpd; NghJk; vr;rlq;FfSk; Ntz;lh vd;W ciuj;J mt;thNw epiwNtwr; nra;jth;.

2. Kbaurd; ,aw;wpa fhg;gpaq;fs; ahit? G+q;nfhb fhtpag;ghit tPufhtpak;

,) tpLjiy tpisj;j chpik $Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. ftpQh; fz;zjhrd; gw;wp rpWFwpg;G tiuf.

rhj;jg;gd;-tprhyhl;rp jk;gjpaUf;F kfdhf rpW$lw;gl;bapNy gpwe;j ghl;Lg;gwit fz;zjhrd;. fz;zjhrdpd; ,aw;ngah; Kj;ijah vd;gjhFk;. gl;b njhl;bfspy; vy;yhk; jkJ jpiuapirg;ghly;fshy; Gfo;G+j;j ftpQh;. jkpof murpd; muritf;ftpQuhf tpsq;fpath;.





















2. fz;zjhrd; Mrphpauhf gzpahw;wpa ,jo;fs; ahit? njd;wy; njd;wy;jpiu rz;lkhUjk; Ky;iy fz;zjhrd;

<) jis

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. rpw;gp ghyRg;gpukzpak; rpWFwpg;G tiuf.

Nfhit khtl;lk; Mj;Jg;nghs;shr;rp vd;w Ciur; Nrh;e;jth; rpw;gp ghyRg;gpukzpak; fUj;Njhtpaq;fis tbtikf;Fk; nrhy;NyUoth; nrhy;iyj; Njh;e;J jkpo;ghly; Mf;Fk; rpw;gp ghujpahh; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; jkpo;j;Jiw jiytuhf gzpahw;wpth;.

2. rpw;gp ghyRg;gpukzpak; mth;fspd; ftpij E}y;fis Fwpg;gpLf.

rphpj;j Kj;Jfs; epyTg;G+ xspg;gwit rh;g;gahfk; R+hpaepoy; Mjpiu

3. rpw;gp ghyRg;gpukzpak; mth;fspd; ciueil E}y;fis Fwpg;gpLf.

,yf;fpar;rpe;jid kiyahsf;ftpij miyAk; RtLk; xU fpuhkj;J ejp

4. rpw;gp ghyRg;gpukzpak; ngw;w ghpRfis Fwpg;gpLf.

xU fpuhkj;J ejp vd;w E}Yf;F rhfpj;jpa mfhnjkp ghpR jkpof murpd; ghNte;jh; ghpR jkpo;g;gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; Mq;fpy ,yf;fpa E}w;ghpR

c) fz;

$Ljy; tpdhf;fs; 1. eh.fhkuhrd; Fwpg;G tiuf.

kJiu khtl;lk; Nghb kPdhl;rpGuk; fpuhkj;jpy; gpwe;jth;. kWkyh;r;rp Afj;jpd; ftpQdhfj; jpfo;gth;. fpuhkpa re;jq;fSld; GJg;ghh;it jpfog; gbk ftpijfs; gytw;iw vOjpAs;shh;. mth; rpe;jid GjpJ. jdpj;Jtk; tha;e;jJ.

2. eh.fhkuhrdpd; gilg;Gfis Fwpg;gpLf.

R+hpafhe;jp rfhuhitj; jhz;lhj xl;lfq;fs; jh[;kfhYk; nuhl;bj;Jz;Lk;

3. gbkk; - rpWFwpg;G tiuf.

cUtfk; vd;w tof;F GJf;ftpijfspNy gbkq;fs; vd;W toq;fg;gLk;. ftpj;Jt fhl;rpfis tpthpf;Fk; nrhy;yhl;rpfNs gbkq;fs;. gbkq;fs; Gjpa Gjpa mff; fhl;rpfis Njhw;Wtpf;Fk;. GJf;ftpijfSf;F caph;g;Gk; tho;Tk; toq;Ftd gbkq;fs; MFk;.





















C) jz;zPh; tq;fpfs; $Ljy; tpdh 1. e. fUzhepjp Fwpg;G tiuf.

flY}h; khtl;lk; rpjk;guj;jpy; gpwe;jth;. mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf;fofg; Gyth; Njh;tpy; Njh;r;rp ngw;wth;. G+tpUe;jty;yp muR Nkdpiyg;gs;spapy; KJfiy jkpohrphpauhfg; gzpahw;wpath;. ,th; njhy;fhg;gpak; KOikf;Fk; ciunaOjpAs;shh;.

7. topghl;Lg;ghly;fs;

1. Njthuk; rpWFwpg;G tiuf. Nj+thuk;-nja;tj;ijg;gw;wpa ,d;dpirg;ghly; Nj+Muk;-nja;tj;jpw;F mzptpf;Fk; g+khiy Nghd;w ghkhiy Kjy; VO jpUKiwfs; Njthuk; vd miof;fg;gLk;. jpUQhdrk;ge;jh;> jpUehTf;furh;> Re;juu; %tUk; ghba ghly;fs; Njthuk; vd miof;fg;gLk;.

2. Ntjk; midj;jpw;Fk; tpj;J vd;W miof;fg;gLk; e}y; vJ?

jpUg;ghit 3. Gj;jkpj;jpuh; Fwpj;J Fwpg;G vOJf.

Gj;jkpj;jpuh; Gj;j kjj;ij rhh;e;jth; ,tuJ fhyk; fp.gp 11k; E}w;whz;L tPuuhNre;jpuNrhod; tpUg;gj;jpw;F ,zq;f Ie;jpyf;fzk; $Wk; tPuNrhopak; vd;Dk; E}iy

,aw;wpdhh;. 4. Gj;jkpj;jpuh; xd;W> ,uz;L> %d;W> ehd;F vDk; vz; thpirapy; vt;ntt;tw;iwf; Fwpf;fpwhh;?

xd;W : Gj;jkpj;jpuh; kdk; xUikg;gLjiyAk;> ,uz;L : ey;tpid> jPtpidfshfpa ,U gpizg;GfisAk;> %d;W : fhkk;> ntFsp> kaf;fk; Mfpa %d;W giffisAk;> ehd;F : mwk;> nghUs;> ,d;gk;> tPL vd ehd;F nghUs;fisAk; Fwpf;fpd;whh;.

5. Jrq;fl;Ljy; tpsf;fp vOJf.

Jtrk; vd;gJ Jrk; vd;whdJ. Jtrk;-nfhb ntw;wpf;nfhb ehl;Ljy; vd;W nghUs; vth; xUth; tplhg;gpbaha; xU nraiy Kd;dpd;W elj;Jfpd;whNuh mtNu ntw;wpf;nfhb

ehl;Lthh;.

$Ljy; tpdh: 1. ghit-Fwpg;G tiuf.

ghit rpw;wpyf;fpa tiffSs; xd;W. ghit vd;w nrhy; ‘nghk;ik’ vd;w gbkj;ij Fwpj;jJ. ghit nra;ag;gLk; Nehd;Gf;F Mfp> gpd;dh; me;Nehd;ig njhptpf;Fk; rpw;wpyf;fpaj;jhfpaJ.

gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk; 1. gFjp + tpidnar;rtpFjp

1. Nktp - NkT + , 2. $l;b - $l;L+ , 3. Klq;fp - Klq;F+ , 4. ,uq;fp - ,uq;F+ , 5. Njhd;wp - Njhd;W+ , 6. tpk;kp - tpk;K+ , 7. va;jp - va;J+ ,





















2. gFjp+tpaq;Nfhs;tpidKw;W tpFjp 1. <f - < + f 2. xopf - xop+ f 3. MFf - MF+ f 4. MLf - ML+ f

3. gFjp+njhopw;ngah;tpFjp

gzpjy; - gzp+ jy; 4. gFjp+ vjph;fhy ,ilepiy+ jd;ik gd;ik tpidKw;W tpFjp

,iwQ;Rthk; - ,iwQ;R+ t; + Mk; 5. gFjp+ ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy+ nganur;r tpFjp

<d;w - <d; + w; + m 6. gFjp+ ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy+ ngz;ghy; tpidKw;W tpFjp

1. ghbdhs; - ghL+ ,d; + Ms; 2. ePl;bdhs; - ePl;L+ ,d; + Ms;

7. gFjp+ ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy+ Mz;ghy; tpidKw;W tpFjp

1. Kd;dpdhd; - Kd; + ,d; + Md; 2. Nehf;fpdhd; - Nehf;F+ ,d; + Md;

8. gFjp+ ,we;jfhyk;+ jd;ik gd;ik tpidKw;W tpFjp

FUfpNdhk; - FUF+ ,d; + Xk; 9. gFjp+ vjph;fhy ,ilepiy+ gyh;ghy; tpidKw;W tpFjp

1. njhOthh; - njhO+ t; + Mh; 2. gfh;thh; - gfh; + t; + Mh; 3. fhz;ghh; - fhz; + g; + Mh; 4. nry;thh; - nry; + t; + Mh;

10. gFjp+ vjph;fhy ,ilepiy+ Mz;;ghy; tpidKw;W tpFjp

1. tho;thd; - tho; + t; + Md; 2. Mw;Wthd; - Mw;W+ t; + Md;

11. gFjp+ vjph;kiw ,ilepiy+ Kd;dpiyg; gd;ik tpidKw;W tpFjp

jpUe;jyPh; - jpUe;J+ my; + <h; 12. gFjp+ epfo;fhy ,ilepiy+ jd;ikg; gd;ik tpidKw;W tpFjp

gUFfpd;Nwhk; - gUF+ fpd;W + Xk; 13. gFjp+ ,we;j fhy ,ilepiy+ jd;ikg; gd;ik tpidKw;W tpFjp

FUfpNdhk; - FUF+ ,d; + Xk; 14. gFjp+ clk;gLnka; re;jp + nganur;r tpFjp

njhiya - njhiy+ a; + m 15. gFjp+ re;jp+ tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;W tpFjp

fhf;f - fh+ f; + f





















16. gFjp+ re;jp+ (e; MdJ tpfhuk;) + ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy+ tpidnar;r tpFjp 1. jto;e;J - jto; + j;(e;) + j; + c 2. fle;J - fl+ j;(e;) + j; + c 3. nghope;J - nghop+ j;(e;) + j; + c 4. Gye;J - Gy+ j;(e;) + j; + c

17. gFjp+ (d; MdJ tpfhuk;) + ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy+ nganur;r tpFjp

epd;w - epy; (d;) + w; + m 18. gFjp+ re;jp+ ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy+ nganur;r tpFjp

mirj;j - mir+ j; + j; + m 19. gFjp+ rhhpia + vjph;fhy ,ilepiy+ jd;ik gd;ik tpidKw;W tpFjp

gzpFthk; - gzp + F + t;+ Mk; 20. gFjp+ vjph;kiw ,ilepiy+ rhhpia+ Mz;ghy; tpidKw;W tpFjp

thohjhd; - tho; + M+ j; + Md; 21. gFjp+ re;jp+ e; MdJ tpfhuk; + ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy+ rhhpia + Mz;ghy; tpidKw;W tpFjp

kwe;jdd; - kw + j;(e;) + j; + md; + md;

jahupg;G jpU. j. nry;Nte;jpud; KJfiy gl;ljhup Mrpupau;

muR Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> %thD}u;> jpUr;rp

jahupg;gpy; cjtp jpUkjp. eh. Njtpfh RNu\; MA., B.Ed., P.G.D.C.A.,

ntw;wpf;F top Mrpupau; FO



















Nky;epiy Kjyhk; Mz;L ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhtpil 1. tho;j;J ... · 11- jkpo; jhs; 1 2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; ntw;wpf;F top [email protected] - 5 -

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