NITI Aayog and Planning Commission

Focus on Health in 12th Five year Plan and NITI Aayog

Presenter: Dr.S.Preethi M.B.B.S., (MD)Yenepoya Medical College

How & Why Planning commission evolved?

A jist on- Five year plans, committees and Health Programmes

Twelveth five year plan in detail

NITI Aayog

Difference between the two

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Newer Initiatiatives NITI Aayog

Outline

When India gained independence, its economy was groveling

in dust.

The British had left the Indian economy crippled and the

fathers of development formulated 5years plan to develop the

Indian economy

Introduction –Why it was needed ?

The five years plan in India were framed, executed and

monitored by the Planning Commission of India.

The Planning Commission was set up in March, 1950.

The draft of the first five-year plan was published in July 1951

and it was approved in December 1951.

cont……….

Who Monitors It ?

Planning commission of India

With the Prime Minister as the ex officia Chairman, the commission has a nominated Deputy Chairman, who has rank of a Cabinet minister.

Montek Singh Ahluvaliya was the Deputy Chairman of the Commission.

INDIA’S GROWTH PERFORMANCE DURING THE PLANS

012345678

2.1

4.5

5.6 5.7

4.45.2 5

5.66.5

8

3.64.21

2.722.05

4.835.84 6.02

6.68

5.5

7.2

TargetActual

1.04% 1.97%

1951-1956Improve living standards of

people

1956-1961Mahalanobis model

To expand the existing health services

1961-1966Supply of good drinking

water

National programmes

Committees

i. NFPP(1952)ii. NMCP(1953)iii. NWS&SP

(1954)iv. NFCP(1955)v. NLCP(1955)

i. Dasgupta (1950)

i. NVDCP (1956)ii. NMEP( 1958)

i. Balwant Rai Mehta (1957)

ii. Renuka Roy(1960)

i. NTCP (1962)ii. NGCP (1962)

i. Mudaliar (1962)

ii. Chadha (1963)iii. Mukherjee

(1966)

1969–1974Green Revolution

Anti population growth policy.

1974-79 removal of poverty (Garibi Hatao)

and attainment of self reliance

Rolling Plan (1978 - 80) Janta Party Govt

Community Health Workers

1980 – 85ensuring continuous decrease in

poverty and unemployment, population control through

family planning

National programmes

Committees

i. Jungalwalia (1967)

ii. Kartar Singh (1972)

i. Shrivastava (1974)

i. Smallpox free (April 1977)

ii. Alma Ata Declaration

iii. NGEP (1983)

i. Krishnan (1982)

Three year Plan Holiday (1966-69)

1985 – 90Focus – rapid growth in food-grains production, increased employment

opportunities

1992 – 97Health for All widened

1997- 2002Quality of life

generation of productive employment

regional balance

National programmes

Committees

i. Minimum Needs Programme

ii. UIP (1985)iii. NACP (1987)

i. Bajaj Committee (1986)

i. CSSM (1992)ii. ISM&Hiii. Programmes

for control of Communicable and non-communicable diseases

i. RCH phase – Iii. RNTCP

2002 – 2007generate adequate

employment opportunities and promote poverty

reduction

Recommendations

i. NVBDCP(2004)ii. IDSP(2004)iii. NRHM(2005)

i. NRHMii. Disability and mental

Healthiii. Financing Health

Servicesiv. Clean water for allv. Sanitation

Expansion, strengthening public sector health care

GDP – 2.5% ( Health)

Financial and managerial systems

PPP

Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY)

‘cash less’ in-patient treatment for eligible beneficiaries

12th Five year Plan (2013-17)

Availability of skilled human resources - a key constraint.

holistic health-systems-approach

Essential Health Package- prescription drugs reforms

What Next for Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth

GDP 1.2% to 2.5% - 3% 2022

Access to medicines, vaccines and technology

Human resources for health

Health service norms

Community participation and citizen engagement

Gender and Health

Recommendations by HLEG on UHC

OUTCOME INDICATORS FOR TWELFTH PLAN

Rates Rates Target 2014 MDGIMR (per 1000) 25 44 27MMR (per 1 lac) 100 178 3/4th by 2015

109TFR 2.1 2.5Under-nutritionin children under 3yr

to half of NFHS-3(2005–06) levels( 40% - 20%)

29% 26%

cont………..

Rates Rates Target 2011 MDGAnaemia amongwomen aged 15–49 years

28% 55.3% -

Child sex ratio in the 0–6 year

914 to 950 943 -

Reduction of poor households’ out-of-pocketexpenditure:

1.97 per cent of GDP

DISEASE TWELFTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN GOAL

Tuberculosis ↓ annual incidence and mortality by half

Leprosy ↓ prevalence to <1/10000 population and incidence to zero in all districts

Malaria Annual malaria incidence of <1/1000

Filariasis <1% microfilaria prevalence in all districts

Dengue Sustaining case fatality rate of <1%

Chikungunya Containment of outbreaks

JE Reduction in mortality by 30%

Kala-azar Elimination by 2015, i.e, <1 case/10000 population in all blocks

HIV/AIDS ↓ new infection to zero and provide comprehensive care and support to all PLHA and treatment services for all those who require it

NATIONAL HEALTH GOALS FOR COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

241 354

Economic growth a) GDP – 8% b) Agriculture – 4% c) Manufacturing – 10% Poverty and Employment a) poverty head count ratio 10% b)50 million work opportunities Education a) Increase mean years of schooling b) Access to higher education c) Eliminate gender and social gap

Infrastructure a) 9% of GDP b) Increase gross irrigated area 90- 103 million hectare Environment a) Green cover by 1 million hectare/ yr b) Renewable energy- add 30000 MW Service delivery a) Banking services – 90% house b) Aadhar ( benefits & subsidies)

NITI AayogNational institution for transformation of India

NITI Aayog

It is a successor to Planning Commission with all the assets

and budget transferred from PC to NITI Aayog

Launched on 11th April, 2015

Why NITI Aayog: 68 years after the independence, the

country has metamorphosed from an under-developed

economy to an emergent global nation with a large economy

Chair PersonShri Narendra Modi

Vice chair personShri Arvind Panagariya

Ex-officio MembersShri Rajnath Singh, Minister of Home

Affairs Shri Arun Jaitley, Minister of Finance;

Minister of Corporate Affairs; and Minister of Information and

BroadcastingShri Suresh Prabhu, Minister of

Railways Shri Radha Mohan Singh, Minister of

Agriculture

Full-Time MembersShri Bibek DebroyShri V.K. Saraswat

Prof. Ramesh ChandChief Executive Officer

Smt. Sindhushree Khullar

NITI Aayog Planning Commision

Chair Person Prime Minister Prime Minister

Vice- Chair Person Appointed by PM Deputy Chariman ( nominated = Cabinet rank)

Governing council CM’s and L- G’s National Development council

Member secretary To be known at the CEO and to be appointed by the prime minister

Secretaries or member secretaries were appointment through the usual process

Part-time membersTo have a number of part-time members, depending on the need from time to time

Full Planning Commission had no provision for part-time members

Full-time membersThe number of full-time members could be fewer than Planning Commission

The last Commission had eight full-time members

Difference between the two

Through NITI Aayog, we bid farewell to a ‘one size fits all’ approach towards development. 

This time the States themselves will be able to actively participate in the planning so that there is no communication gap and the plans can be implemented effectively.

Top down – Bottom up approach

Financial clout

To be an advisory body, or a think-tank. The powers to allocate funds might be vested in the finance ministry

Enjoyed the powers to allocate funds to ministries and state governments

Formation of three subgroups of chief ministers under the auspices of the NITI Aayog

Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) Skill Development Swachh Bharat.

At the same meeting, he also advised that NITI Aayog to form two task forces

Poverty Elimination Agricultural Development

Provide each house with basic facility -clean drinking water, toilet

Electrification of remaining 20,000 villages by 2020

Connect each of the 1,70,000 unconnected habitations by all

weather roads

Communication connectivity to all the villages for removing rural

and urban divide

VISION 2022 75th year of Independence

Sector Parameter & Unit Target (2015-16)

Indira Awas Yojana Houses Constructed (No. in lakhs)

25.18

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana Road Length (in km)

Habitations Connected (in number)

26,000

8,500

Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)

Har Khet Ko Pani

Jal Sanchay & Sinchan

Per Drop More Crop

6 lakh ha

3-4 lakh ha

3.7 million ha

Deen Dayal Upadhayay Grameen Jyoti Yojana

unelectrified villages 1000

Job Creation in Industry and Services and Shared Prosperity

Land Leasing: A Big Win-Win Reform for the States

Thirty is a good number for State-level Departments ZBB (zero based budgeting)

Swacch Bharat Mission

1986: Central Rural Sanitation Program

1999: Total Sanitation Campaign: Community led and people

centered approach.

2012: Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan

2014 (2nd October): Swachh Bharat Mission

Milestones

Launched on 2nd Oct 2014- in force till 2nd October 2019

Aims at attaining 100% Open Defecation Free India by 2019

SBM is being implemented by the Ministry of Urban Development (M/o UD) Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (M/o DWS)

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Elimination of open defecation

Eradication of Manual Scavenging Modern and Scientific Municipal Solid Waste Management

Behavioral change

Generate awareness about sanitation

Mission Objectives

Household toilets, insanitary latrines = pour-flush latrines (12k-75:25)

Community sanitary complex (2 lac) ( 60:30:10)

Solid waste management Rs. 7/12/15/20 lakh upto 150/300/500/>

500 households ( 75:25)

IEC & Public Awareness ( 8%) ( 3:5)

Capacity building and Administrative & Office Expenses (A&OE)

Mission components

Newer Initiatives

Kishore J. National health programmes of India. 11th Edition. New Delhi: Century Publications 2014.

Planning Commission. Twelveth Plan (2012-17) : Social sector Vol III. Govt of India. New Delhi: Sage Publications India Pvt Ltd. 2013.

NITI Aayog. Govt of India. Available from : http://niti.gov.in/content/new_initiatives.php. Last accessed on 12th Dec, 2016.

References