New College English ( Book Two, Second Edition )

New College English

(Book Two, Second Edition)

Unit 9 Shopping

Contents

Preparation1

Reading Activities2

Translation Skills3

Writing Practice 4

1

Shopping All good things are cheap,

all bad things are very dear.

( H. D. Thoreau )

Shopping was once a local activity conducted out of daily necessity. When people could not find the things they need fairly near their homes, it was rarely feasible to look elsewhere.

Think as many as possible the names of places where

you could go shopping.

Word Study Think as many as possible the names of places where you could go shopping.

Department store Booth

Supermarket Vendor machine

Word Study Think as many as possible the names of places where you could go shopping.

Bazaar Mall Flea market

Preparation

Preparation

Reading for Information

Describing the Cartoons

Getting to Know Each Other’s Shopping Habits

Proverbs and Sayings

Reading for Information

Basement

D.I.Y. Household China Radio & Electrical

Snack bar Wall coverings

Ground Floor

Clocks & Watches Cosmetics Fashion accessories Food Hosiery Jewelry Luggage

First Floor

Books Children’s wear Linens Magazines Men’s wear Pharmacy Stationary Tobaccos

Second Floor

Fashion fabrics Foot wear Lady's fashions Men’s toilets Restaurant

Basement

D.I.Y. Household China Radio & Electrical

Snack bar Wall coverings

Ground Floor

Clocks & Watches Cosmetics Fashion accessories Food Hosiery Jewelry Luggage

First Floor

Books Children’s wear Linens Magazines Men’s wear Pharmacy Stationary Tobaccos

Basement

D.I.Y. Household China Radio & Electrical

Snack bar Wall coverings

Ground Floor

Clocks & Watches Cosmetics Fashion accessories Food Hosiery Jewelry Luggage

Second Floor

Fashion fabrics Foot wear Lady's fashions Men’s toilets Restaurant

First Floor

Books Children’s wear Linens Magazines Men’s wear Pharmacy Stationary Tobaccos

Basement

D.I.Y. Household China Radio & Electrical

Snack bar Wall coverings

Ground Floor

Clocks & Watches Cosmetics Fashion accessories Food Hosiery Jewelry LuggageNotice

Reading for Information

Look at the above notice in a department store and work in pairs to answer the questions.

Questions:

Which floor would you go for each of theses things?

1. a television 2. some aspirins 3. a carpet

4. some tomatoes 5. a pair of socks 6. a camera

7. some dishes 8. a dress 9. a bed

10. a pair of shoes 11. a handbag

12. a present for a 3-year-old boy

Describing the Cartoons

1) Two Youngsters are coming out of a health food store. One of them is having some ice cream. He explains to his friends that the health food store sells junk food (candy, sweets, etc.) secretly. Normally a health food store only sells wholesome, healthy foods.

SampleSampleSampleSample

1) Two Youngsters are coming out of a health food store. One of them is having some ice cream. He explains to his friends that the health food store sells junk food (candy, sweets, etc.) secretly. Normally a health food store only sells wholesome, healthy foods.

SampleSampleSampleSample

1) Two Youngsters are coming out of a health food store. One of them is having some ice cream. He explains to his friends that the health food store sells junk food (candy, sweets, etc.) secretly. Normally a health food store only sells wholesome, healthy foods.

SampleSampleSampleSample

Describing the Cartoons

2) A big woman is climbing onto a floor refrigerator trying to find the freshest milk. Her handbag is on the floor. A shop assistant is standing beside her and looks puzzled. He says: “Madam… the dates on the milk are all the same.”

SampleSampleSampleSample

Describing the Cartoons

3) This scene takes place in the paint department of a large store. A woman is holding a bottle of paint in her hand. She wants to show that the paint doesn’t spray, so she sprays it. But unfortunately this time the spray works and it sprays directly onto the shop assistant’s face. Now the shop assistant’s face looks black.

SampleSampleSampleSample

Describing the Cartoons

4) A woman is standing in front of an ad. The ad has two magnetic bar codes and says: “TODAY ONLY”, “MARKED DOWN TO”. It is intended to tell consumers that there is a sale. But it doesn’t provide any more information than that. Obviously people don’t know what is on sale or the actual price, since the magnetic bar codes can only be read by electronic scanners. So the woman looks confused.

SampleSampleSampleSample

Directions: Discuss in pairs the following questions.

Getting to Know Each Other’s Shopping Habits

1. How often do you go shopping?

2. What do you usually buy?

3. Who do you usually go shopping with?

4. Where do you get the information on the products you want to buy?

1. How often do you go shopping?

2. What do you usually buy?

3. Who do you usually go shopping with?

1. How often do you go shopping?

2. What do you usually buy?

4. Where do you get the information on the products you want to buy?

3. Who do you usually go shopping with?

1. How often do you go shopping?

2. What do you usually buy?

1. How often do you go shopping?

2. What do you usually buy?

1. How often do you go shopping?

3. Who do you usually go shopping with?

2. What do you usually buy?

1. How often do you go shopping?

Getting to Know Each Other’s

Shopping Habits

I go shopping once a week and buy some food, such as fruit, cookies, and some stationery. I usually go shopping with my roommates. I enjoy window shopping when I have time. I get the information from newspapers, TV commercials and also my friends. If my friends recommend a particular brand, I’ll buy that myself. I think a private source is more reliable than ads.

SampleSampleSampleSample

Proverbs and Sayings

There are more foolish buyers than foolish sellers. 

When you go to buy, use your eyes not your ears. 

Honesty may be dear bought, but can never be an ill penny-worth. 

愚蠢的买主多于愚蠢的卖主。

出高价买来的诚实，不会永远没有价值。

你去购买东西时，要用眼睛莫用耳。

Consumer Behavior of the Youth

Reading Activities

Reading Questions

Text Structure

Sentence Study

Words and Phrases

Useful Expressions

Reading Questions

Work in groups to answer the following questions

Young women spend most of their money on such things as cosmetics, clothes and jewelry.

1. How do young women spend their money?

SampleSampleSampleSample

Work in groups to answer the following questions

1. How do young women spend their money?

SampleSampleSampleSample

1. How do young women spend their money?

Young men spend most of their money on sporting goods, cameras, CDs, stereo equipments, bicycles, shoes, jeans, musical instruments, and electronic games.

2. How do young men spend their incomes?

SampleSampleSampleSample

Apple computer’s research found that teens are influencing family decisions in the purchase of computers.

3. What did Apple computer’s research find?

SampleSampleSampleSample

Text Structure

1. The market importance of the youth.

(Para.1-7)

Their role as main purchasers of certain items. (Para. 2-3)

Their influence on products and brand choices of their parents. (Para. 4-6)

Their brand loyalties that may last well into adulthood. (Para. 7)

2. Main sources of information (Para.8-9)

For sophisticated products: personal sources

At the product-evaluation stage: parents and peers

As they get older: friends and parents

For ordinary products: media

Sentence Study

1. In fact, sometimes marketers 1. In fact, sometimes marketers are more interested inare more interested in young people’s influence on other buyers young people’s influence on other buyers than inthan in their their role as the main purchasers of certain items.role as the main purchasers of certain items. (Line 3) (Line 3)

实际上，与年轻人作为某些物品的主要购买者的作用相比，营销人员更感兴趣的是他们对别的购买者的影响力。

be more/less interested in…than (in)…be more/less interested in…than (in)…

比对比对…………更感更感 // 不感兴趣不感兴趣译 文译 文译 文译 文

句型应用句型应用句型应用句型应用

作为老师，我们应对学生的创造力更感兴趣，而不是他们的考试分数。

作为一名军官，他关心士兵的需要胜过关心他自己。

ExampleExampleExampleExample

1. As teachers, we should be more interested in creativity of students than in their scores in examinations.

2. As an officer, he was less interested in himself than in what his soldiers needed.

2. Another factor emphasizing the market importance of the youth is that this is the time when brand loyalties may be formed that could last well into adulthood. (Line 44)

这是一个这是一个表语从句表语从句，，从句从句 ththisis is the time…into adulthood is the time…into adulthood中又含有两个定语从句中又含有两个定语从句。一个是。一个是 when brand loyalties when brand loyalties may be formedmay be formed ，修饰先行词，修饰先行词 time; time; 另一个是另一个是 that could that could last well into adulthoodlast well into adulthood ，修饰先行词，修饰先行词 brand loyaltiesbrand loyalties 。。分词短语分词短语 emphasizing the market importance of the emphasizing the market importance of the

youthyouth 是句子的主语是句子的主语 another factoranother factor 的定语。的定语。

强调青少年在市场方面的重要性的另一因素是，青少年时期是形成品牌忠诚的时期，而这种品牌忠诚完全会持续到成年。

译 文译 文译 文译 文

3. 3. The important point is thatThe important point is that although peer pressure although peer pressure is quite strong, family influences are also significant.is quite strong, family influences are also significant. (Line 5(Line 544))

特别需要指出的是，尽管同龄人的影响很强，家庭的影响也很重大。

the important / essential point / aspect / thing is the important / essential point / aspect / thing is that… that… 重要的一点重要的一点 // 方面方面 // 事情是事情是…………； ； 特别需要指出的是特别需要指出的是…………

译 文译 文译 文译 文

1. The most important and attractive point is that you have experienced the whole process of applying for a job.

最重要也是最吸引人的一点是你已经经历了申请一份工作的全过程。

ExampleExampleExampleExample

4. As teenagers mature, they use more sources of consumer information prior to decision making, rely more on friends and less on parents for information and advice in buying, and prefer to purchase products without parental supervision. (Line 72)

prefer to do sth. without sthprefer to do sth. without sth.. 喜欢在没有喜欢在没有…………的情况下做的情况下做…………

随着青少年日趋成熟，在做决定之前他们通过越来越多的渠道了解消费者的信息。购物时更多地依靠朋友，而不太依靠父母亲来获取信息和意见，并喜欢在没有父母指导下购买商品。

译 文译 文译 文译 文

Some people prefer to drive without wearing a safety belt because they believe the belt prevents them from escaping in an accident.

一些人喜欢开车不系安全带，因为他们认为一旦发生车祸，安全带会妨碍他们逃生。

ExampleExampleExampleExample

Words and Phrases

1. purchase (Line 3, Para. 1)

n. 1) buying 买；购买 2) something bought 购买的东西 v. buy 购买（ buy 更为常用）名词派生词： purchaser n. buyer 买家；买主

ExampleExampleExampleExample

He secured a loan toHe secured a loan to purchase purchase a new car.a new car. He secured a loan toHe secured a loan to purchase purchase a new car.a new car.

他获得了一笔用于购买汽车的贷款。 I have some purchases to make.

我要买些我要买些东西东西。。

2. influence (Line 4, Para. 1) n. 影响力，感化力；有影响力的人，事务； 影响，感化（与 upon 连用，后接人）v. exert an influence on; have an effect on 影响； 对……有作用ExampleExampleExampleExample

他是受了她的影响才开始对社会学感兴趣的。 It was through his influence that she became interested in sociology.

influence 指对思想行为具有的影响，是无形的，潜移默化的；affect 指对人或物所产生的效果或影响，是有形的影响。

词义辨析词义辨析词义辨析词义辨析

请选择 affect 或 influence 的适当形式填空。

1. The hot weather _______ everyone’s work.

2. Smoking has an ________ on health.

3. All the people in the room were _______ to tears.

4. Young people are easily __________ by fashionable things.

affected

influence affected

influenced

3. orient (Line 17, Para. 3)

v. aim something at, or make something suitable for a particular group of people 以……为方向；以……为目的

oriented 常与名词构成复合形容词，意为“以……为目的；重视……的”翻译下列短语

以消费为主导的以消费为主导的 consumption-oriented

以钱为中心的 money-oriented

student-oriented 以学生为中心的

examination-oriented 以应试教育为导向的

以职业培训为主导的 vocation-oriented

4. reveal (Line 22, Para. 4)

vt. 1) allow or cause to be seen; display 使显露，露出 2) make known 泄露，暴露；展现，显示

ExampleExampleExampleExample

Her laugh revealed her even teeth.

她一笑，露出了整齐的牙齿。常用搭配常用搭配常用搭配常用搭配

to reveal one’s true face 暴露真实面目

揭示真相 to reveal the true facts

暴露身份 to reveal one’s identity

泄露秘密 to reveal the secret

5. distribute (Line 41, Para. 5) vt. 1) give or send out 分配；分给 2) spread out (over a large area) 散布（于广大地区）；分布

1. Please help him distribute those CET-4 reference books to the students.

2. That plane was distributing pesticide over fields.

名词形式： distribution

形容词形式： distributive

ExampleExampleExampleExample

6. rational (Line 63, Para. 9)

adj. 合理的；理性的，明达的 常用搭配常用搭配常用搭配常用搭配

a rational act / plan /

suggestion/explanation 合理的行为 / 计划 / 建议 / 解释

rational children 懂道理的孩子

理性的谈判者a rational negotiator

in a rational way 按理性的做法

perceptual knowledge and

rational knowledge 感性认识和理性认识

7. perceive (Line 70, Para. 9)

v. become aware of, esp. through the eyes or the mind; understand or think of something in a particular way 感觉，察觉；领悟，看待

ExampleExampleExampleExample

他现在认识到自己的错误了。He now perceived his error.

perceive…as/to be: regard…as 把……看作

The police officer perceived the man in black to be the murder at the first sight.

警官第一眼就觉得那个黑衣人就是杀人犯。

名词形式： perception 感觉，了解；领悟；理解力

8. prior (Line 72, Para. 9)

adj. earlier in time, order or importance (to) 较早的；顺序在先的；更重要的（常与 to 连用）

他预先有约会，所以不能跟你去。ExampleExampleExampleExample

He has a prior engagement and so can't go with you.

prior to: prep. before 在……之前；先于，优先于

Prior to any discussion of this matter ， we’d better take his views into consideration. 在讨论这件事之前，我们最好考虑一下他的意见。 名词形式： priority 较早；顺序在先；优先权

9. supervision (Line 74, Para. 9)

n. supervising 监督；管理；指导

动词形式： supervise v. watch and direct (work, workers, an organization) 监督；管理；指导

The teacher is supervising all the pupils taking the English examination.这个老师对参加英语考试的学生正在监考。

ExampleExampleExampleExample

10. in terms of (Line 42, Para. 6)

按照；在……方面；从……方面（来说）

In terms of the production of color TV sets, South Korea’s Samsung has become the world’s top maker.

在彩色电视机生产领域，韩国的三星已经成为世界第一大制造商。

ExampleExampleExampleExample

Useful Expressions

a highly consumption-oriented society

with the large growth in the number of …

Teenagers have been increasingly aware of new products and brands.

一个极其以消费为导向的社会

在……方面数量大增

十几岁的年轻人越来越了解新的产品和品牌。

to occupy an important position

占据了一个重要的地位

Brand loyalties could last well into adulthood.

translate into market figures

对品牌的忠诚完全可以一直持续到成年阶段。

换算成市场数字

For many product decisions, friends are the most significant influence.

在做很多购物决定时，朋友影响得最厉害。

The important point is that …

关键的问题是……

Translation Skills

表语从句 表语从句跟宾语从句一样，

一般可按原文顺序翻译，这个技巧比较好掌握。

他对新闻界的看法是，记者们不是支持他，就是反对他。

The fact is that the old lady believed Rebecca to be the most lovely creature in the world.

事实是，老太太以为丽蓓卡是天下最可爱的小家伙。

This is what he is eager to do.

这就是他所渴望做的。

His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.

同位语从句

一般用同位语来对名词（或代词）作进一步解释。同位语可以是单词、短语或从句，这里只介绍英语同位语从句的译法。翻译同位语从句有三种方法，即提前，保持不变和增加 “即”（或“以为”），或用冒号、破折号分开。

As an obedient son, I had accepted my father’s decision that I was to be a doctor, though the prospect interested me not at all.

作为一个孝顺的儿子，我接受了父亲的决定，当名医生，虽然我对这样的前途毫无兴趣。（不提前）

Yet, from the beginning, the fact that I was alive was ignored.

然而，从一开始，我仍然活着这个事实却偏偏被忽视了。（提前）

But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good.

但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不正视这样的事实：我们的前景并不妙。（冒号）

And there was the possibility that a small electrical spark might accidentally bypass the most carefully planned circuit.

而且有这种可能性 -----一个小小的电火花，可能会意外地绕过了最为精心设计的线路。（破折号）

Writing Practice

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: College Students Spend More on Daily Consumption. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.

大学生成为商家竞相争夺的消费群

体 , 请举例说明大学生日常学习、生活、娱乐的消费结构 , 并提出开源节流的对策。

If you are a close observer, you may notice that nowadays student consumers are aimed as a big market, because they spend too much on daily consumption. With a further analysis, we may find that all sides concerned have their sound reasons. First and foremost, a large number of parents are willing to lead a simple life to satisfy children’s various needs on campus. Secondly, as education is an industry, students cannot tighten their purse. Thirdly, under the bombing of ads, students cannot resist the temptation (抵制诱惑 ) of expensive goods and they purchase brand luxury (高档、豪华 ) products.

College Students Spend More on Daily Consumption

College students consume in various ways. For example, they do much shopping in supermarkets. For another example, they spend a lot on different reference books or such e-equipment as Walkmans, MP3 players. Some even buy mobile phones or computers, which grabs more money from their pockets. Some turn into regular customers at restaurants, body-building rooms, net cafes and recreation centers. In a word, every college student could sense the consumption fever.