NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency

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NATONATOConsultation, Command and Consultation, Command and

Control AgencyControl AgencyCooperative ESM Operations: Cooperative ESM Operations:

the Present and the Futurethe Present and the Future

Mr. Rene ThaensMr. Rene ThaensDr. Franco FioreDr. Franco Fiore

Dr. Martin SchmidtDr. Martin SchmidtNATO C3 Agency – The Hague (NL)NATO C3 Agency – The Hague (NL)

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OutlineOutline

IntroductionIntroduction The need for Cooperative Geolocation (C-GLOC)The need for Cooperative Geolocation (C-GLOC) Trial Hammer 2005Trial Hammer 2005

Single Geolocation (S-GLOC)Single Geolocation (S-GLOC) C-GLOCC-GLOC

Trial Spartan Hammer 2006Trial Spartan Hammer 2006 IP-based DatalinkIP-based Datalink

The way aheadThe way ahead

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IntroductionIntroduction

Proliferation of modern IADS using intelligent RF Proliferation of modern IADS using intelligent RF techniques (LPI, EMCON)techniques (LPI, EMCON)

Fast relocation timeFast relocation time S-GLOC is quite difficultS-GLOC is quite difficult Need for cooperation within NATO forcesNeed for cooperation within NATO forces Network-centric/enabled approach Network-centric/enabled approach C-GLOC C-GLOC

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The need for The need for Cooperative Geolocation (C-GLOC)Cooperative Geolocation (C-GLOC)

Angle of Arrival measurements and angular displacementAngle of Arrival measurements and angular displacement

Flight path sensor LOB fm sensor to tgt

Error ellipse in tgt position

AD small =

Large ellipse

AD high =

Small ellipse

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NATO SEWG (SIGINT/ESM Working Group)NATO SEWG (SIGINT/ESM Working Group) Established in 1999Established in 1999 Developed C-GLOC proceduresDeveloped C-GLOC procedures Proposed a NATO standard for exchanging Proposed a NATO standard for exchanging

ELINT/ESM dataELINT/ESM data Trial Hammer 2005Trial Hammer 2005

The need for The need for Cooperative Geolocation (C-GLOC) Cooperative Geolocation (C-GLOC) (cont.)(cont.)

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Trial Hammer 2005Trial Hammer 2005

First NATO wide Trial on C-GLOCFirst NATO wide Trial on C-GLOC Near-real time collector shared data in order to find Near-real time collector shared data in order to find

the positions of a variety of emittersthe positions of a variety of emitters Theoretical analysis of S- GLOC by NC3A has Theoretical analysis of S- GLOC by NC3A has

shown:shown: Stationary emitter S-GLOC possibleStationary emitter S-GLOC possible GLOC accuracy depends on:GLOC accuracy depends on:

Sensor-emitter geometrySensor-emitter geometry Sensor accuracySensor accuracy Number of LOBsNumber of LOBs

More LOBs, the better. Max achievable accuracy is More LOBs, the better. Max achievable accuracy is boundedbounded

Larger angular displacementLarger angular displacement

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Trial Hammer 2005Trial Hammer 2005

C-GLOC:C-GLOC: Sensor positioning influence the error ellipse sizeSensor positioning influence the error ellipse size If high accuracy sensors, error ellipse size is smallerIf high accuracy sensors, error ellipse size is smaller Two sensors could be sufficient to obtain good results, Two sensors could be sufficient to obtain good results,

if positioned carefullyif positioned carefully Sharing of information: datalinkSharing of information: datalink Trial hammer 05: secure voice TACREP+ exchangeTrial hammer 05: secure voice TACREP+ exchange

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Trial hammer 2005 (cont.)Trial hammer 2005 (cont.)

3 2 1

4

5

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Trial Hammer 2005 (cont.)Trial Hammer 2005 (cont.)

LOBs Long Lat Major (km) Minor (km)

2,3 7.639 49.134 10.38 0.53

1,4 7.579 49.109 3.59 0.96

4,5 7.688 49.156 2.73 1.01

1,2,3  7.631 49.166 1.94 0.44

2,3,4 7.639 49.135 1.85 0.53

1,5 7.615 49.164 1.33 0.95

2,3,5 7.634 49.153 1.31 0.5

1,2,3,4 7.625 49.146 1.39 0.46

1,4,5 7.627 49.143 1.37 0.89

1,2,3,5 7.628 49.165 1.07 0.44

2,3,4,5  7.645 49.147 1.05 0.5

1,2,3,4,5 7.631 49.152 0.94 0.46

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ResultsResults

Results have been achieved by conveying Results have been achieved by conveying detection data over noise voice communication detection data over noise voice communication channels (TACREP+) and by calculating the geo-channels (TACREP+) and by calculating the geo-location of the target manuallylocation of the target manually..

Need for automatic data dissemination (datalink)Need for automatic data dissemination (datalink) Trial Spartan Hammer 2006Trial Spartan Hammer 2006

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Trial Spartan Hammer 2006Trial Spartan Hammer 2006

Goal:Goal: Trial the current joint, combined signals intelligence Trial the current joint, combined signals intelligence

interoperability and emerging SIGINT/ESM sensor, geo-location interoperability and emerging SIGINT/ESM sensor, geo-location and communication capabilities, available to NATO to facilitate and communication capabilities, available to NATO to facilitate SEAD and SOF missionsSEAD and SOF missions

Cooperative ESM operations (CESMO)Cooperative ESM operations (CESMO) Use of IP based datalink (IP network over RF)Use of IP based datalink (IP network over RF)

CESMO (IP) NETWORK

Lead Participant

Participant 2

Participant 3

Participant 4

Participant 1

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Use of datalinkUse of datalink

Reduced latency and error susceptibility of voice Reduced latency and error susceptibility of voice communicationscommunications

Opportunity to fully automate the process of Opportunity to fully automate the process of combined ESM operationscombined ESM operations;;

Crypto features are absolutely necessary Crypto features are absolutely necessary (confidentiality of exchanged data)(confidentiality of exchanged data)

What if a message is NOT received?What if a message is NOT received?

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Use of datalink (cont.)Use of datalink (cont.)

Message set GranularityMessage set Granularity PrecisionPrecision Message LatencyMessage Latency SemanticsSemantics Tool requirementsTool requirements Automatic processingAutomatic processing GeolocationGeolocation

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The way aheadThe way ahead

Necessity for changes in message set Necessity for changes in message set Does NATO need further CONOPS?Does NATO need further CONOPS? Type of data links that are suitable for CESMOType of data links that are suitable for CESMO Need for further trialsNeed for further trials

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CONTACTING NC3ACONTACTING NC3A

NC3A Brussels

Visiting address:

Bâtiment ZAvenue du Bourget 140B-1110 BrusselsTelephone +32 (0)2 7074111Fax +32 (0)2 7078770

Postal address:NATO C3 AgencyBoulevard Leopold IIIB-1110 Brussels - Belgium

NC3A The Hague

Visiting address:

Oude Waalsdorperweg 612597 AK The Hague

Telephone +31 (0)70 3743000Fax +31 (0)70 3743239

Postal address:NATO C3 AgencyP.O. Box 1742501 CD The HagueThe Netherlands