Nanoparticle- enhanced CO 2 capture Introduction Objectives Materials and Methods G-L Systems and nanofluids Nanoparticles Characterization Apparatus Experiments Results Diffusion is Fickian Parameters affecting Ep Correlation of results Conclusions Acknowledgments Nanoparticle-enhanced capture of carbon-dioxide with amine solvents Srinivas Komati, Syam Sundar and A. K. Suresh [email protected]Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Bombay. Powai, Mumbai 400076, INDIA. Symposium on the Global energy future (IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO 2 capture Oct 04, 2010 1 / 20
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Nanoparticle-enhanced capture of carbon-dioxide … CO2 capture Introduction Objectives Materials and Methods G-L Systems and nano uids Nanoparticles Characterization Apparatus Experiments
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Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2
capture
Introduction
Objectives
Materials andMethods
G-L Systems andnanofluids
Nanoparticles
Characterization
Apparatus
Experiments
Results
Diffusion isFickian
Parametersaffecting EpCorrelation ofresults
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Nanoparticle-enhanced capture ofcarbon-dioxide with amine solvents
• The gas-liquid mass transfer step is an importantdeterminant of the rate at which CO2 can be captured,and hence, of equipment size. Intensification of this step istherefore of interest.
(IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2 capture Oct 04, 2010 3 / 20
Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2
capture
Introduction
Objectives
Materials andMethods
G-L Systems andnanofluids
Nanoparticles
Characterization
Apparatus
Experiments
Results
Diffusion isFickian
Parametersaffecting EpCorrelation ofresults
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Why nanoparticles?
• Literature claims anomalous effects of nanoparticles ontransport rates in heat transport and momentum transport.
• Effect of nanoparticles on mass transport: Literaturesuggests an enhancement in rates, but is not conclusive –
• convective mass transport:• often studied in bubbling equipment, and interpreted in
terms of an overall effect on the rate – effect on kL isdifficult to assess.
• Particles of Fe3O4, CuO, Al2O3, SiO2, Cu and Au, ofdifferent sizes (10 to 200 nm) and in differentconcentrations (< 1 to 40%w) have been used.
• conflicting results – results of different groups difficult tocompare.
• Molecular transport: Limited data; qualitative and difficultto interpret.
— if proven, could have potential in the CO2 capturecontext!
(IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2 capture Oct 04, 2010 4 / 20
Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2
capture
Introduction
Objectives
Materials andMethods
G-L Systems andnanofluids
Nanoparticles
Characterization
Apparatus
Experiments
Results
Diffusion isFickian
Parametersaffecting EpCorrelation ofresults
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Introduction Objectives
Objectives of the present study
The objectives stem from the need —
• for systematic studies and to unify results from the fewsuch studies which exist in the literature—
• conduct studies in model contactors and model systems;compare effects in different contactors
• interpret the observations using the established theories ofinterphase transport
• Establish and validate a basis for process design.
— also to examine the systems relevant to CO2 capture.
• to distinguish the effect from those that fine particles areknown to cause in gas-liquid transport,
• Use well characterized particles so that enhancements dueto the grazing effect can be calculated
(IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2 capture Oct 04, 2010 5 / 20
Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2
capture
Introduction
Objectives
Materials andMethods
G-L Systems andnanofluids
Nanoparticles
Characterization
Apparatus
Experiments
Results
Diffusion isFickian
Parametersaffecting EpCorrelation ofresults
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Materials and Methods G-L Systems and nanofluids
Gas-liquid systems studied and absorption regimes
Absorption of CO2 in –
• Water: Physical absorption.
• Methyldiethanolamine(MDEA) solutions: slow → fasttransition, and Fast reaction regimes
(IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2 capture Oct 04, 2010 16 / 20
Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2
capture
Introduction
Objectives
Materials andMethods
G-L Systems andnanofluids
Nanoparticles
Characterization
Apparatus
Experiments
Results
Diffusion isFickian
Parametersaffecting EpCorrelation ofresults
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Results Correlation of results
Results: Comparison for Fe3O4 with literature
— data are from Olle et al., I&EC Research, 45,4355, 2006.(IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2 capture Oct 04, 2010 17 / 20
Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2
capture
Introduction
Objectives
Materials andMethods
G-L Systems andnanofluids
Nanoparticles
Characterization
Apparatus
Experiments
Results
Diffusion isFickian
Parametersaffecting EpCorrelation ofresults
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Results Correlation of results
Results: Comparison for other nanoparticles
Figure: (a) Wide PSD (10-250nm) gold and silica
Figure: (b) Ludox HS-40 (14.7nm) and SM-30 (11.3 nm).
(IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2 capture Oct 04, 2010 18 / 20
Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2
capture
Introduction
Objectives
Materials andMethods
G-L Systems andnanofluids
Nanoparticles
Characterization
Apparatus
Experiments
Results
Diffusion isFickian
Parametersaffecting EpCorrelation ofresults
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conclusions
Conclusions
• Nanoparticles in suspension enhance lliquid phase mass transfercoefficients. This work establishes this across several gas-liquidsystems, regimes, in the presence and absence of reaction, andin the presence and absence of flow, for several types ofnanoparticles.
• Extant theories for the effect of fine particles do not explain theenhancements (large and inconsistent values of solutepartitioning on nanoparticles required to fit the data).
• The extent of enhancement depends on particle holdup andparticle size in relation to the depth of penetration in anycircumstance.
• The results suggest that the nanoparticles influence moleculartransport rates.
• Taylor dispersion studies to measure liquid phase diffusivitiesand validation in a bubbling type contactor are in progress.
(IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2 capture Oct 04, 2010 19 / 20
Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2
capture
Introduction
Objectives
Materials andMethods
G-L Systems andnanofluids
Nanoparticles
Characterization
Apparatus
Experiments
Results
Diffusion isFickian
Parametersaffecting EpCorrelation ofresults
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
• Financial assistance:• Newreka (Pvt.) Ltd.• Ministry of Human Resource Development’s Thrust area
funding.• C3U
(IIT Bombay) Nanoparticle-enhanced CO2 capture Oct 04, 2010 20 / 20