Nano technology

APPLICATIONS OF

NANOTECHNOLOGY

IN ELECTRONICS

By Kundan Kumar

WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY ?

Nanotechnology is the creation and use of materials or devices at extremely small scales.

1nm=0.000000001m

ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTERS

Nanotechnology Makes: Smaller Transistors

Smaller Memory Smaller Circuitry

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER PROCESSING

Because of nanotechnology, the speed of computers has increased while the price of computing has decreased.

Moore’s Law:- Moore’s Law describes a trend of technology.

It states that the number of transistors that can be put on a single chip will double every two years.

GRAPH OF TRANSISTOR COUNT

A schematic diagram of the NIST nanowire transistor.

VIEW OF TRADITIONAL AND NANO TRANSISTORS

Instead of making transistor components and assembling them on a board, nanoscale transistors are grown together on a silicon wafer. They look much different from the traditional transistors.

Transistors

Nano Transistor

The human brain has about 100 billion neurons.

Each neuron has thousands of synapses. The newest processors have only two

billion transistors.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEMORY AND STORAGE

This is a 2 gigabyte hard drive. It weighs about 31.75 kilogram. It was first used in the 1980s. Its cost at that time ranged from $80,000 to $140,000.

DECREASE IN SIZE AND PRICE OF STORAGE DEVICES 2 GB in

1980s $80,000

2 GB in 1990s $200

2 GB in 2010 $5

DECREASE IN SIZE AND PRICE OF STORAGE DEVICES

Current research shows that by using nanotechnology, 1000 GB of memory can fit on the head of this pin.

1000 GB is 1 Terabyte.

NANOTECHNOLOGYIN DISPLAYS

Nanotubes are small enough that they cannot be seen, so they can be great conductors to be used as transparent contacts.

These layers contain transparent electrodes

Carbon nano tubes on a glass or plastic sheet allow manufacturers to make clear conductive panels for displays that are extremely thin.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CIRCUITRY

How do we see these circuits? To see the circuitry, researchers use an

electron microscope or an atomic force microscope. This image shows different levels of a circuit.

Choose the integrated circuit. Change the color scheme to HSV. Use the scroll wheel on the mouse to zoom in and out. Toggle the AFM and draw a box on the chip to show the 3D view of that part of the circuit.

BENEFITS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

In the electronics world, Nanotechnology is important to the development of small circuits that can reduce the size of computer and many more electronics gadgets.