Nandur Madhmeshwar Bird Sanctuary

Nandur Madhmeshwar bird sanctuary, situated about 40 kms from Nasik in Niphad Taluka is a paradise for bird   lovers  which was established in 1950. Spreads over an area of nearly 10,000 hectares of land, the sanctuary comprising of evergreen forest and trees at the confluence of the Godavari and Kadwa rivers is a home to many endangered species of birds. More than 220 species of birds - both resident as well as migratory   birds , 400 species of vegetation, 24 species of fishes and several small mammals are located here. White stork, glossy ibis, spoonbills, flamingo, goose brahminy duck, pintails, cranes shanks, godwits, weavers etc. are the migratory birds found here and the resident birds include black ibis, spot bills, teals, little grebe, cormorants, egrets, herons, stork, kites, vultures The major flora found in the sanctuary includes babul, tendu, nana, khair, mango, bamboo, salaia, hiwar, dhawada, bahada moha and many more. Tigers, bear, leopards, bison, barking deer, samber, wild boar, wild dog, panthers, blue bull, hyena, jungle fowl, ottar, palm civet, fishing cat, jackal, mongoose, several species of snakes are some among the animals found here. Nearly 24 species of fishes have been recorded in the nearby reservoir.

The best season to visit this sanctuary is from April to May.etc. 

The water released from Gangapur and Darana water reservoirs is stored at Nandur Madhameshwar and subsequently released from here through canals for irrigation. Silts and organic matter that are carried away with water flow are accumulated in the lake, due to which islands and shallow water ponds have been created. This resulted in the biological enriched conditions by which aquatic vegetation has been stabilised. Thus the site has turned into good wetland habitat aptly described as 'Bharatpur Of Maharashtra". 

ranthambore

Ranthambore National Park or Ranthambhore National Park or simplyRanthambhore is one of the

largest national parksin northern India. It is situated in Sawai Madhopur district of

southeastern Rajasthan, Ranthambore wildlife sanctuary is known for its tigers and is one of the best

places in India to sOther major wild animals include leopard, nilgai, dhole, wild boar, sambar, hyena, sloth

bear and chital. It is also home to wide variety of trees,plants, birds and reptiles. Ranthambore is also the

site for one of the largest banyantrees in India.ee these majestic predators in the jungle. Tigers can be

easily spotted even during the day time. The Park consists of typical dry deciduous elements with

Anogeissus pendula forests - a dominant tree species. However, mix deciduous elements could be seen

in the valleys and along water bodies. The Flora of the Park is represented by 539 species of flowering

plants.

Tigers: The Park is one of the best national parks in the country to spot a tiger. This majestic predator

can be spotted ambling or basking under the sun here. Padam Talao: This is the largest of the all the

lakes located inside the park, and the beautiful red sandstone Jogi Mahal is located at the very edge of

this lake. A gigantic banyan tree, considered to be India’s second largest, is near the lake.

Ranthambore National park is spread over an area of 1,334 sq km along with its nearby

sanctuaries like - the Mansingh Sanctuary and the Kaila Devi Sanctuary.The park is majorly

famous for its tigers and is one of the best locations in India to see the majestic predators in

its natural habitat. The tigers can be easily spotted even during the day time busy at their

ordinary quest- hunting and taking proper care of their young ones.

Ranthambore is also counted as the famous heritage site because of the pictorial ruins that

dot the wildlife park. Certainly, a visit to Ranthambore National Park is a treat for every

wildlife and nature lover. The time spend on watching tigers roaming around, verdant

greenery, a gamut of other species of chirpy birds and animals is priceless and worth

enough to be explored at least once in a life.

Ranthambore National Park Travel Guide- Ranthambore National Park, single of the superlative Wildlife Sanctuaries in Indian region is also famous in the South Asia. It is sited in the Sawai Madhopur district of the state of Rajasthan and famous for the Jungle tigers with many other animal species akin to leopards, macaques, striped hyenas, Indian porcupine etc. Ranthambore destination was meant for Shikar by the rulers that ruled Jaipur the capital of Rajasthan and its next-door regions. The spiritual and impressive spots of the Ranthambore allure travelers from crossways the earth.  

History of Ranthambore National Park- The area of Ranthambore is wealthy in history. The Ranthambore national park was under the power of the Rajput emperor Hamir but was beaten by Alaud-din-Khilji's military in AD 1301. And in the end, Ranthambore was affirmed a wildlife sanctuary in 1955 and turned in to the part of Project Tiger in 1973.

Geographical Region Of The Park- The Ranthambore national Park scattered the vicinity of nearly 400 sq. km which is place amid the Aravali and Vindhya mount and situated nearby to the surface fringes of the Thar Desert.

Attractions of Ranthambore Park- Ranthambore National Park is eminent for its Tigers and is a preferred with photographers. The main attraction of national park is flora and fauna wildlife natural beauty. The flora and fauna is a mixture of 300 trees, 272 birds, 50 aquatic plants, 12 reptiles with the Marsh Crocodile and amphibians and 30 mammals. The scenery is also spread with very old Banyan Trees, clusters of mango trees, Dhok and Pipal trees and crisscrossed by way of evergreen belts.

Weather- The weather of Ranthambore national park is in summer time- 35 to 47 degree. In summers, the atmosphere of the park is very hot and in winters, it is very cold.

Places to Spot Within Ranthambore –  Ranthambhore Fort - Stated in 13 Km from Sawai Madhopur Railway station, Ranthambore Fort is famous for as palace of Rajput warriors, which is the most touring point of Ranthambore national park.

Bakula- Ranthambore natural world sanctuary is generally thick with forest. Bakula is single of the densely forested regions well-known for various pools and water holes.  Bakula dense jungle is a brilliant place for tigresses and their youthful cubs to hide.

Kachida Valley- Kachida Valley has lots of outcrops and little hills. This valey is situated considering border of Ranthambore national park. Travelers should go during Jeep Safari, while enjoying this region.

Lakarda Anantpura- Lakarda Anantpura, positioned in the north and north-west piece of the Park is perfect location to trip Sloth Bears, become the most touring point in Ranthambore national park.  

Jogi Mahal- The heart of the national park is to be found near to the park and presents remarkable facilities to the visitors, to make their trip happier.

Kaziranga

Kaziranga is a title of a remarkable success story of conservation of the One Horned India Rhinoceros and other wild lives in the North East India. It is not only the homeland of the Great Indian One Horned Rhinoceros, but also provides shelter to a variety of wild lives. 

Kaziranga National Park is a national park in theGolaghat and Nagaon districts of the state

of Assam, India. A World Heritage Site, the park hosts two-thirds of the world's Great One-horned

Rhinoceroses.[2] Kaziranga boasts the highest density of tigers among protected areas in the world and

was declared a Tiger Reserve in 2006. The park is home to large breeding populations of elephants, wild

water buffalo, and swamp deer. Kaziranga is recognized as an Important Bird Area by Birdlife

International for conservation of avifaunal species. Compared to other protected areas in India, Kaziranga

has achieved notable success in wildlife conservation. Located on the edge of theEastern

Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, the park combines high species diversity and visibility.

Kaziranga is a vast expanse of tall elephant grass, marshland, and dense tropical moist broadleaf forests,

crisscrossed by four major rivers, including the Brahmaputra, and the park includes numerous small

bodies of water.

The Kaziranga Game Sanctuary was renamed the Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary in 1950 by P. D. Stracey, the forest conservationi st, in order to rid the name of hunting connotations

Three Rhinos grazing at the parkKaziranga has witnessed several natural and human-made calamities in recent decades..[ Two of the largest snakes in the world, the Reticulated Python and Rock Python, as well as the longest venomous snake in the world, theKing Cobra, inhabit the park. Small mammals include the

rare Hispid Hare, Indian Gray Mongoose, Small Indian Mongooses, Large Indian Civet, Small Indian Civets, Bengal Fox, Golden Jackal, Sloth Bear, Chinese Pangolin, Indian Pangolins, Hog Badger, Chinese Ferret Badgers, and Particolored flying squirrels.[17][19][citation needed] Nine of the 14 primate species found in India occur in the park.[3 Indian Cobra, Monocled Cobra, Russell's Viper, and the Common Krait. Four main types of vegetation exist in the park.[32] These are alluvial inundated grasslands, alluvial savanna woodlands, tropical moist mixed deciduous forests, and tropical semi-evergreen forests.  Common tall grasses are sugarcanes, spear grass, elephant grass, and the common reed. Numerous forbs are present along with the grasses. Amidst the grasses, providing cover and shade are scattered trees—dominant species including kumbhi, Indian gooseberry, the cotton tree (in savanna woodlands), and elephant apple (in inundated grasslands).

Indian roller

Corbett

Jim Corbett National Park—named Before the hunter and conservationist Jim Corbett who played a key

role in its establishment—is the oldest national park in India.[2] The park was established in 1936 as Hailey

National Park. Situated in Nainital district of Uttarakhand the park acts as a protected area for the critically

endangered Bengal tiger of India, the secure survival of which is the main objective of Project Tiger, an

Indian wildlife protection initiative.[2]

The park has sub-Himalayan belt geographical and ecological characteristics.[3] Anecotourism destination,

[4] it contains 488 different species of plants and a diverse variety offauna.[5][6] The increase in tourist

activities, among other problems, continues to present a serious challenge to the park's ecological

balance.[7] Dense moist deciduous forest mainly consists of sal, haldu, pipal, rohini and mango trees, and

these trees cover almost 73 per cent of the park. A total of 488 different species of plants have been

recorded in the park.[5] Tree density inside the reserve is higher in the areas of Sal forests and lowest in

the Anogeissus-Acacia catechu forests.[17] Total tree basal cover is greater in Sal dominated areas of

woody vegetation.[17]Healthy regeneration in sapling and seedling layers is occurring in the Mallotus

philippensis, Jamun and Diospyros tomentosa communities, but in the Sal forests the regeneration

of sapling and seedling is poor.LEOPARDS are found in hilly areas but may also venture into the low land

jungles.[6] Smaller felines in the park include the jungle cat, fishing cat and leopard cat.[6]Other mammals

include four kinds of deer (barking,sambar, hog and chital), Sloth and Himalayan Black bears, Indian

Grey Mongoose, otters, yellow-throated martens, ghoral (goat-antelopes), Indian pangolins,

andlangur and rhesus monkeys.[18] Owls and Nightjars can be heard during the night.[6]

In the summer, elephants can be seen in herds of several hundred.[6] The Indian python found in the

reserve is a dangerous species, capable of killing a chital deer.[6] Local crocodiles were saved from

extinction by captive breeding programs that subsequently released crocodiles into the Ramganga river.[6]

 This well-known destination in Corbett is situated at the fringes of Patli Dun valley. There is a rest house

here which was built hundred of years ago. Kanda ridge forms the backdrop, and from Dhikala, one can

enjoy the spectacular natural beauty of the valley. Corbett National Park is one of the thirteen protected

areas covered by World Wildlife Fund under their Terai Arc Landscape Programme.[15]The programme

aims to protect three of the five terrestrial flagship species, the tiger, the Asian elephant and the Great

One-horned Rhinoceros, by restoring corridors of forest to link 13 protected areas of Nepal and India to

enable wildlife migration.[15] Ramganga National Park and was again renamed in 1955–56 as Corbett

National Park.[10] The new name honours the well-known author and wildlife conservationist Jim

Corbett [11] , who played a key role in creating the reserve by using his influence to persuade the provincial

government to establish it.[1The Jim Corbett National Park is a haven for the adventure seekers and

wildlife adventure lovers alike. Corbett National Park is India's first national park which comprises

520.8 km2. area of hills, riverine belts, marshy depressions, grass lands and large lake. The elevation

ranges from 1,300 feet (400 m) to 4,000 feet (1,200 m). Winter nights in Corbett national park are cold but

the days are bright and sunny. It rains from July to September.

Dense moist deciduous forest mainly consists of sal, haldu, pipal, rohini and mango trees, and these trees

cover almost 73 per cent of the park. The 10 per cent of the area consists of grasslands.It houses around

110 tree species, 50 species of mammals, 580 bird species and 25 reptile species. The endangered

Bengal tiger of India resides here. The sanctuary was the first to come under Project Tiger initiative.

sunderbans

The Sundarbans National Park  is a National Park, Tiger Reserve, UNESCO World Heritage Site and

aBiosphere Reserve located in the Sundarbans delta in the Indian state of West Bengal. This region is

densely covered by mangrove forests, and is one of the largest reserves for theBengal tiger. It is also

home to a variety of bird, reptile and invertebrate species, including the salt-water crocodile.

The present Sundarbans National Park was declared as the core area of Sundarbans Tiger Reserve in

1973 and a wildlife sanctuary in 1977. On May 4, 1984 it was declared a National Park.

The mangrove vegetation of Sundarbans consists of 64 plant species[3] and they have the capacity to

withstand estuarine conditions and saline inundation on account of tidal effects. In the month of April and

May the flaming red leaves of the Genwa (Excoecaria agallocha) the crab-like red flowers of the Kankra

(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) and the yellow flowers of Khalsi can be seen, which add a beauty to the

surroundings. Some of the other commonly found plants and trees in the park are Dhundal, Passur

(Xylocarpus mekongensis, Garjan (Rhizophora spp.), Sundari (Heritiera fomes) and Goran

(Ceriops decandra).

Fauna

The Sundarbans forest is home to more than 400 tigers. The Royal Bengal Tigers have developed a

unique characteristic of swimming in the saline waters, and are world famous for their man-eating

tendencies.

Apart from the Royal Bengal Tiger; Fishing Cats, Macaques, Wild Boar, Common Grey

Mongoose, Fox, Jungle Cat, Flying Fox, Pangolin,Chital, are also found in abundance in the Sundarbans.

Some of the fish and amphibians found in the park are Sawfish, Butter Fish, Electric rays, Silver

carp, Star Fish, Common Carp, King Crabs, Prawn, Shrimps, Gangetic Dolphins, Skipping

Frogs, Common Toads and Tree Frogs.

Reptiles

A crocodile at Sundarbans.

The Sundarbans National Park houses an excellent number of reptiles as well, including estuarine

crocodiles, chameleons, water monitors, Hard Shelled Batgun Terrapins, Mouse Ghekos, monitor

lizards turtles, including Olive Ridley, hawksbill, and green turtles; and snakes including pythons,King

Cobras, rat snakes, Russell's vipers, Dog Faced Water Snakes, Chequered Killbacks, andCommon

Kraits.

Endangered species

The endangered species that lives within the Sundarbans are Royal Bengal Tiger, Estuarian

Crocodile, River Terrapin (Batagur baska), Olive Ridley Turtle, Gangetic dolphin, Ground Turtle,Hawks

Bill Turtle and King Crabs (Horse shoe).

Though there is tough protection in the park there are a few loopholes. The geographical topography with

hostile terrain criss-crossed by several rivers and their tributaries, long international border

with Bangladesh, fishing trawlers and launches helps in poaching, cutting of wood and also affecting the

mangrove forests. Lack of staffs, infrastructure and lack of funds also added up the factors.