Naming Compounds Ionic and Covalent
Dec 26, 2015
Naming Compounds
Ionic and Covalent
First thing first…
Determine if the compound is Ionic or Covalent.
Ionic = Metal + Nonmetal Covalent = Nonmetal + Nonmetal
Metal vs Nonmetal
Nonmetals
Metals
Metal vs Nonmetal
Nonmetals
Metals
Metal vs Nonmetal
Nonmetals
Metals
Metalloids
Ionic: Binary (2 elements)
Positive ion + Negative ion Change ending to “ide”
Ionic Naming
Subscripts have no affect on the name.
Example: NaCl = Sodium Chloride CaCl2 = Calcium Chloride
Transition Metals
Roman Numerals are used to indicate the CHARGE of transition metals. 1 I
2 II3 III4 IV5 V6 VI7 VII8 VIII9 IX10 X
Transition Metal Example
Nickel (III) Sulfide
Charge of Nickel (+3)
Charge of Sulfur (-2)
+3 -2
Ni2S3
Polyatomic ions
An ion containing more than one atom.
Polyatomic ion Families
Common Polyatomic Ions NH4
+ ammonium CN- cyanide OH- hydroxide NO3
- nitrate NO2
- nitrite SO4
-2 sulfate SO3
-2 sulfite PO4
-3 phosphate ClO3
- chlorate MnO4
- permanganate CO3
- carbonate
Memorizing Polyatomics
OH NO SO CO PO3 4 3 4
-1 -1 -2 -2 -3
hydroxide nitrate sulfate carbonate phosphate
Using polyatomics
Magnesium Phosphate
+2 +3
Mg PO4
Mg3(PO4)2
What to remember about ionic compounds
End in “ide” Transition metals
Roman Numeral indicates charge Polyatomic ions
Try a few Ionic Compounds
K3N __________________
CuOH __________________
FePO4 __________________
MgO __________________
Try it the other way
Vanadium (III) sulfide _______
Manganese (II) phosphate _______
Sodium oxide _______
Lithium Fluroide _______
Covalent Naming
Know your prefixes
1 Mono2 Di3 Tri4 Tetra5 Penta6 Hexa7 Hepta8 Octa9 Nona10 Deca
Use the prefixes
The prefix indicates the number of atoms of the element
Change the ending of the second compound to “ide”
diphosphorous trioxide
Ends in “ide”
2 Phosphorous atoms 3 Oxygen atoms
Use the prefixes
If the first element is singular do not use the mono prefix.
Carbon dioxide
Ends in “ide”
1 Carbon atoms 2 Oxygen atoms
Use the prefixes
If the second element is singular you must use the mono prefix.
Carbon monoxide
Ends in “ide”
1 Carbon atoms 1 Oxygen atom
Try a few Covalent Compounds
NF3 ___________________________
Si2Br6 ___________________________
N2O3 ___________________________
ClO2 ___________________________
CF4 ___________________________
Try it the other way now
Hexaboron Silicide ______________
Dihydrogen monoxide ______________
Iodine pentafluoride ______________
Phorsphorous triiodide ______________
Carbon tetrachloride ______________
YAY!
You are now an expert at naming compounds