Mr. Gonzalez Grace Christian Academy The Civil War (1861-1865)

Mr. GonzalezMr. GonzalezGrace Christian AcademyGrace Christian Academy

Mr. GonzalezMr. GonzalezGrace Christian AcademyGrace Christian Academy

TheTheCivil WarCivil War

(1861-1865)(1861-1865)

TheTheCivil WarCivil War

(1861-1865)(1861-1865)

The Bombardment at The Bombardment at Fort SumterFort Sumter

Rumors-Southerners going to Rumors-Southerners going to kidnapkidnap Abe Lincoln Abe Lincoln

Afraid Lincoln would abolish Afraid Lincoln would abolish slaveryslavery

7 states 7 states secededseceded, 8 more , 8 more were on the brinkwere on the brink

Jefferson DavisJefferson Davis -elected -elected PresidentPresident of the Confederate of the Confederate States of America (CSA)States of America (CSA)

SumterSumter-one of 2 remaining US -one of 2 remaining US Army Army fortsforts in the South in the South surrenderedsurrendered

4 more states then seceded 4 more states then seceded (11 total)(11 total)

Fort Sumter TodayFort Sumter Today

The Leaders of the The Leaders of the ConfederacyConfederacy

The Leaders of the The Leaders of the ConfederacyConfederacy

Pres. Pres. Jefferson Jefferson DavisDavis

Pres. Pres. Jefferson Jefferson DavisDavis

VP Alexander VP Alexander StevensStevens

VP Alexander VP Alexander StevensStevens

The Confederate “White The Confederate “White House” in House” in RichmondRichmond, VA, VAThe Confederate “White The Confederate “White House” in House” in RichmondRichmond, VA, VA

The Confederate SealThe Confederate SealThe Confederate SealThe Confederate Seal

MOTTO MOTTO “With God As Our Vindicator” “With God As Our Vindicator”MOTTO MOTTO “With God As Our Vindicator” “With God As Our Vindicator”

A Northern View of A Northern View of Jefferson DavisJefferson Davis

A Northern View of A Northern View of Jefferson DavisJefferson Davis

The Nation prepares for WarThe Nation prepares for War

1111 states seceded states secededThe slave states ofThe slave states of

1. 1. DelawareDelaware2. 2. MarylandMaryland3. Kentucky3. Kentucky4. Missouri4. MissouriAll decided to All decided to staystay with the United States with the United States due to due to divideddivided loyalties loyalties

Secession MapSecession Map

Rating the North & the Rating the North & the SouthSouth

Rating the North & the Rating the North & the SouthSouth

Slave/Free States Slave/Free States Population, 1861Population, 1861Slave/Free States Slave/Free States Population, 1861Population, 1861

Railroad Lines, Railroad Lines, 18601860

Railroad Lines, Railroad Lines, 18601860

Resources: North & the Resources: North & the SouthSouth

Resources: North & the Resources: North & the SouthSouth

Men Present for Duty Men Present for Duty in the Civil Warin the Civil War

Men Present for Duty Men Present for Duty in the Civil Warin the Civil War

Soldiers’ Soldiers’ Occupations: Occupations: North/South North/South CombinedCombined

Soldiers’ Soldiers’ Occupations: Occupations: North/South North/South CombinedCombined

The Nation prepares for WarThe Nation prepares for War

1/31/3 of the US army left to fight for the of the US army left to fight for the ConfederateConfederate south south

General General Robert E. LeeRobert E. Lee (Confederate (Confederate commander)commander)

George McClellanGeorge McClellan (Union Commander) (Union Commander)

Robert E. LeeRobert E. Lee

Torn, asked by Torn, asked by LincolnLincoln to command to command union armyunion army

Turned down Lincoln Turned down Lincoln due to his loyalties to due to his loyalties to his home state of his home state of VirginiaVirginia

The The BestBest General of General of the Civil Warthe Civil War

General Robert E. LeeGeneral Robert E. Lee

George McClellanGeorge McClellan

NotNot a good a good commandercommander

Suffered major Suffered major losseslosses in the first 2 in the first 2 years of he waryears of he war

LostLost command to command to General Ulysses S. General Ulysses S. GrantGrant

General George McClellanGeneral George McClellan

McClellan: McClellan: I Can Do It I Can Do It All!All!

McClellan: McClellan: I Can Do It I Can Do It All!All!

Goals and War StrategiesGoals and War Strategies

The NorthThe North

1.1. To To preservepreserve the the UnionUnion-most white -most white Union soldiers cared very little about Union soldiers cared very little about slaveryslavery

2.2. To To blockblock southern southern portsports (New Orleans (New Orleans and Charleston) and and Charleston) and railwaysrailways

3.3. PreventPrevent Southern Southern tradetrade with France and with France and BritainBritain

OvervieOverviewwofof

the the North’sNorth’s

Civil WarCivil WarStrategyStrategy

::

““AnacondAnaconda”a”

PlanPlan

OvervieOverviewwofof

the the North’sNorth’s

Civil WarCivil WarStrategyStrategy

::

““AnacondAnaconda”a”

PlanPlan

The “The “AnacondaAnaconda” Plan” PlanThe “The “AnacondaAnaconda” Plan” Plan

The SouthThe South

To To winwin southern southern IndependenceIndependence

To To preservepreserve the the slaveslave plantation way plantation way of lifeof life

Avoid losing and hope Avoid losing and hope the North gives upthe North gives up

Seek weapons and Seek weapons and support from support from FranceFrance and and BritainBritain

Fighting the war-The Early Years Fighting the war-The Early Years (1861-62)(1861-62)

Both Both NorthNorth and the and the SouthSouth expected an expected an easyeasy and and swiftswift victory-no way and not a victory-no way and not a chancechance

The North actually The North actually lostlost many battles in the many battles in the first first 2 years2 years of the war of the war

11stst major battle- major battle- Bull RunBull Run

35,000 35,000 UnionUnion troops vs. 20,000 troops vs. 20,000 ConfederateConfederate troops troops

People People picnickedpicnicked to watch the battle to watch the battleNorth lost-troops and spectators fled back North lost-troops and spectators fled back

to Washington, DCto Washington, DCResult: the North was forced to be better Result: the North was forced to be better

trainedtrained

Battle of Bull Run Battle of Bull Run (1(1stst Manassas) Manassas)

July, 1861July, 1861

Battle of Bull Run Battle of Bull Run (1(1stst Manassas) Manassas)

July, 1861July, 1861

Break for Video

The 1The 1stst Battle of Bull Run Battle of Bull Run

The Battle of ShilohThe Battle of Shiloh

Shiloh, TennesseeShiloh, TennesseeApril 1862April 186220,00020,000 dead on both sides dead on both sides

Battle of Antietam, MDBattle of Antietam, MD

September 17, 1862September 17, 1862A A defeatdefeat for both the North and the South for both the North and the SouthThe The bloodiestbloodiest day in the history of US day in the history of US

warswars7,0007,000 soldiers killed, 18,000 wounded in soldiers killed, 18,000 wounded in

just 24 hoursjust 24 hoursStopped Lee’s Stopped Lee’s invasioninvasion of the North of the North

temporarilytemporarily

Battle of AntietamBattle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the “Bloodiest Single Day of the

War”War”

Battle of AntietamBattle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the “Bloodiest Single Day of the

War”War”

23,000 23,000 casualtiescasualties23,000 23,000

casualtiescasualties

September 17, 1862September 17, 1862September 17, 1862September 17, 1862

Lincoln Visits AntietamLincoln Visits Antietam

Confederate and Union dead at Confederate and Union dead at AntietamAntietam

The The EmancipationEmancipation Proclamation Proclamation

Took effect January 1, 1863Took effect January 1, 1863 Lincoln seized on the Lincoln seized on the

“victory” at Antietam“victory” at Antietam ““Slaves in areas still in Slaves in areas still in

rebellion” would become rebellion” would become freefree

became to became to major reasonmajor reason for the war against the for the war against the SouthSouth

Would rob the south of its Would rob the south of its slaveslave labor pool labor pool

Provided Provided soldierssoldiers for the for the northnorth

Emancipation in 1863Emancipation in 1863Emancipation in 1863Emancipation in 1863

Famous Northern Famous Northern CommandersCommanders

Ulysses S. Ulysses S. GrantGrant

George George McClellanMcClellan

William Tecumseh William Tecumseh ShermanSherman

Famous Southern Famous Southern CommandersCommanders

The ConfederacyThe Confederacy

Robert E. Robert E. LeeLee

Thomas “Stonewall” Thomas “Stonewall” JacksonJackson

Nathan Bedford Nathan Bedford ForrestForrest-one of the -one of the founding members of the founding members of the KKKKKK

George George PickettPickett

African Americans of the African Americans of the WarWar

Black SoldiersBlack Soldiers 215,000215,000 served in the served in the

UnionUnion army army Some black slaves were Some black slaves were

forced to assist the forced to assist the Confederacy as cooks, Confederacy as cooks, arm bearers, grave diggers arm bearers, grave diggers and servants for officersand servants for officers

HalfHalf of all blacks who of all blacks who fought for the Union were fought for the Union were “Contraband”“Contraband” (runaway (runaway slaves)slaves)

1864-Lincoln finally 1864-Lincoln finally granted granted black black troops the troops the same paysame pay as whites as whites

African-American Recruiting African-American Recruiting PosterPoster

African-American Recruiting African-American Recruiting PosterPoster

Break for video

The 54The 54thth Massachusetts Infantry Massachusetts Infantry

Black regiment portrayed Black regiment portrayed in the movie in the movie “Glory”“Glory”

““Far Far superiorsuperior in discipline in discipline to white troops and just as to white troops and just as bravebrave””

They refused to accept They refused to accept pay because they were pay because they were paid paid ½½ of what white of what white troops were paidtroops were paid

Lost Lost halfhalf their number in their number in the siege at the siege at Fort WagnerFort Wagner, , South CarolinaSouth Carolina

Break for the Film “Glory”

The Famous 54The Famous 54thth MassachusettsMassachusetts

The Famous 54The Famous 54thth MassachusettsMassachusetts

Colonel Colonel Robert Gould ShawRobert Gould Shaw-white -white commander of the 54thcommander of the 54th

The 54The 54thth Massachusetts Infantry at Massachusetts Infantry at Fort Wagner, South CarolinaFort Wagner, South Carolina

August Saint-Gaudens August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert Memorial to Col. Robert

Gould ShawGould Shaw

August Saint-Gaudens August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert Memorial to Col. Robert

Gould ShawGould ShawBreak for film: “Glory”

African-Americans in Civil War African-Americans in Civil War BattlesBattles

African-Americans in Civil War African-Americans in Civil War BattlesBattles

The Turning Point of the The Turning Point of the WarWar

The Battles of Gettysburg and The Battles of Gettysburg and VicksburgVicksburg

July 3-4, 1863July 3-4, 1863

The Road to The Road to Gettysburg: 1863Gettysburg: 1863

The Road to The Road to Gettysburg: 1863Gettysburg: 1863

The Battle of GettysburgThe Battle of Gettysburg

Lee Lee invadedinvaded PennsylvaniaPennsylvania with with 75,000 Confederate 75,000 Confederate troops facing 90,000 troops facing 90,000 Union troopsUnion troops

Both sides Both sides lostlost many many men-the men-the bloodiest battlebloodiest battle of the Civil Warof the Civil War

10,000 soldiers on both 10,000 soldiers on both sides killed in sides killed in 2 days2 days

Lee and his army forced Lee and his army forced to flee back south to to flee back south to VirginiaVirginia

Gettysburg Gettysburg CasualtiesCasualtiesGettysburg Gettysburg CasualtiesCasualties

Gettysburg TodayGettysburg Today

The Battle of VicksburgThe Battle of Vicksburg

VicksburgVicksburg, Mississippi (major southern , Mississippi (major southern port)port)

July 3-4July 3-4Surrounded and captured by Sherman’s Surrounded and captured by Sherman’s

Union armyUnion armyResidents were Residents were starvingstarving and and cut offcut off from from

supplies-eating rats, cats and dogssupplies-eating rats, cats and dogsMajor Major victoryvictory for the North for the North

The Gettysburg AddressThe Gettysburg Address

Lincoln Lincoln dedicateddedicated a a Union cemetery at the Union cemetery at the battlefield sitebattlefield site

Called for the Union Called for the Union and the Confederacy and the Confederacy to to reconcilereconcile and and come togethercome together

The Destruction of the SouthThe Destruction of the South Union troops Union troops marchedmarched

across Georgia and the across Georgia and the Carolinas Carolinas destroyingdestroying railroads, farms, factories railroads, farms, factories and cotton fieldsand cotton fields

AtlantaAtlanta (key manufacturing (key manufacturing and railroad center) was and railroad center) was defeated and defeated and burnedburned to the to the ground in September 1864ground in September 1864

““Total WarTotal War”-to crush the ”-to crush the will of the civilianswill of the civilians

$100 million dollars worth $100 million dollars worth of damageof damage

The Progress of War: The Progress of War: 1861-18651861-1865

The Progress of War: The Progress of War: 1861-18651861-1865

Sherman’sSherman’s“March“Marchto theto theSea”Sea”

throughthroughGeorgia,Georgia,

18641864

Sherman’sSherman’s“March“Marchto theto theSea”Sea”

throughthroughGeorgia,Georgia,

18641864

The Destruction of CharlestonThe Destruction of Charleston

Atlanta after the destructionAtlanta after the destruction

1864 Election1864 Election1864 Election1864 Election

Pres. Lincoln Pres. Lincoln (R)(R)

Pres. Lincoln Pres. Lincoln (R)(R)

George McClellan George McClellan (D)(D)

George McClellan George McClellan (D)(D)

The Peace Movement: The Peace Movement: CopperheadsCopperheads

The Peace Movement: The Peace Movement: CopperheadsCopperheads

Clement Clement VallandighamVallandigham

Clement Clement VallandighamVallandigham

1864 Copperhead 1864 Copperhead Campaign PosterCampaign Poster1864 Copperhead 1864 Copperhead Campaign PosterCampaign Poster

PresidentiPresidential al

Election Election Results:Results:

18641864

PresidentiPresidential al

Election Election Results:Results:

18641864

The Surrender of General The Surrender of General LeeLee

The End of the Civil WarThe End of the Civil War

The SurrenderThe Surrender

WAR CASULATIESWAR CASULATIES

More than More than 600,000600,000 dead from wounds and dead from wounds and diseasesdiseases

Diseases/SicknessesDiseases/Sicknesses1. Soldiers drank water1. Soldiers drank water2. Gangrene from 2. Gangrene from contaminatedcontaminated poorly poorly treated or untreated woundstreated or untreated wounds3. 3. Poor dietPoor diet of beans, corn and salt pork of beans, corn and salt pork tore uptore up many of soldiers’ many of soldiers’ stomachsstomachs“ “ The The beansbeans killed more than bullets” killed more than bullets”

Civil War CasualtiesCivil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other in Comparison to Other

WarsWars

Civil War CasualtiesCivil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other in Comparison to Other

WarsWars

Deadly WEAPONRY/Fighting Deadly WEAPONRY/Fighting stylesstyles

1.1. The The Rifled MusketRifled Musket -range of -range of 600 yards600 yards with bone-shattering forcewith bone-shattering force

2.2. The Napoleon The Napoleon CannonCannon-shot canisters -shot canisters filled with lead, filled with lead, iron boltsiron bolts and and rustyrusty nailsnails

3.3. SuicidalSuicidal old-style of marching and old-style of marching and fighting fighting head to headhead to head

Rifled MusketRifled Musket

4. Colt .45 Revolver- 4. Colt .45 Revolver- 6 6 shootershooter

4. Colt .45 Revolver- 4. Colt .45 Revolver- 6 6 shootershooter

““God didn’t make men equal.God didn’t make men equal.Colonel ColtColonel Colt did!” did!”

The Napoleon CannonThe Napoleon Cannon

Lincoln-Before and After the warLincoln-Before and After the war

18601860 18651865

Clinton before (1993) and after Clinton before (1993) and after (2000)(2000)

GW Bush-before and after (war GW Bush-before and after (war president)president)

Obama 2008 and nowObama 2008 and now

Or Schwartzenegger-no-just a lack Or Schwartzenegger-no-just a lack of exerciseof exercise

Ford’s Theater Ford’s Theater (April 14, (April 14, 1865)1865)

Ford’s Theater Ford’s Theater (April 14, (April 14, 1865)1865)

The Assassination of Abraham The Assassination of Abraham LincolnLincoln

Before the end of the war, Lincoln had a Before the end of the war, Lincoln had a dream dream he saw himself laying in a he saw himself laying in a coffincoffin after being after being assassinatedassassinated

On April 14, 1865-just 5 days after Lee On April 14, 1865-just 5 days after Lee surrendered-Lincoln was assassinated at surrendered-Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Ford’s theatertheater in Washington DC in Washington DC

The Assassin was an The Assassin was an actoractor and white and white supremacist named supremacist named John Wilkes BoothJohn Wilkes Booth

The assassination of Lincoln was a last The assassination of Lincoln was a last violent violent actact in a long and violent war in a long and violent war

Abraham Lincoln’s assassinationAbraham Lincoln’s assassination

John Wilkes BoothJohn Wilkes Booth

WANTED~WANTED~~!!~!!

WANTED~WANTED~~!!~!!

Now He Belongs to the Now He Belongs to the Ages!Ages!

Now He Belongs to the Now He Belongs to the Ages!Ages!

The Dead ConspiratorsThe Dead Conspirators     The Lincoln conspirators, finally     The Lincoln conspirators, finally dead. 1,500 people witnessed the dead. 1,500 people witnessed the

spectacle.spectacle.