Subject: Leaving Certificate Biology Higher Level Teacher: Ms. R. Doyle Week: Week 8 Title: Monera 1 Monera Definitions: Unicellular: a single celled organism/ organism composed of only 1 cell Prokaryote: a living organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane enclosed cell organelles Autotroph: a living organism that has the ability to make its own food Chemosynthetic: a living organism that makes its own food using chemical Photosynthetic: a living organism that makes its own food using chemical Heterotroph: a living organism that does not have the ability to make its own food Parasite: a living organism that lives and feeds on a living host and causes harm to host Saprophyte: a living host that feeds on dead organic matter and returns essential nutrients to the soil. Symbiotic bacteria: two organisms of different species living together involving benefit Obligate aerobe: can only grow in the presence of oxygen Obligate anaerobe: can only grow in the absence of oxygen Facultative anaerobe: can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen Endospore: a hard protective shell that allows bacteria to survive until conditions become favourable again Bioprocessing: an industry that uses microorganisms to make products Bioreactor: a vessel/container that biochemical reactions occur in Antibiotic: proteins produced by microorganisms to kill other microorganisms. Antibiotic resistance: microorganisms do not die in the presence of an antibiotic due to misuse Asepsis: free from all harmful microorganisms Sterile: free from all microorganisms
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Monera · 2020. 9. 2. · Title: Monera 3 Members of the kingdom Monera Prokaryotes (no nucleus or no membrane around cell organelles) Can be divided into two categories o Autotrophs:
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Subject: Leaving Certificate Biology Higher Level
Teacher: Ms. R. Doyle
Week: Week 8
Title: Monera
1
Monera
Definitions:
Unicellular: a single celled organism/ organism composed of only 1 cell
Prokaryote: a living organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane enclosed cell
organelles
Autotroph: a living organism that has the ability to make its own food
Chemosynthetic: a living organism that makes its own food using chemical
Photosynthetic: a living organism that makes its own food using chemical
Heterotroph: a living organism that does not have the ability to make its own food
Parasite: a living organism that lives and feeds on a living host and causes harm to host
Saprophyte: a living host that feeds on dead organic matter and returns essential nutrients to
the soil.
Symbiotic bacteria: two organisms of different species living together involving benefit
Obligate aerobe: can only grow in the presence of oxygen
Obligate anaerobe: can only grow in the absence of oxygen
Facultative anaerobe: can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen
Endospore: a hard protective shell that allows bacteria to survive until conditions become
favourable again
Bioprocessing: an industry that uses microorganisms to make products
Bioreactor: a vessel/container that biochemical reactions occur in
Antibiotic: proteins produced by microorganisms to kill other microorganisms.
Antibiotic resistance: microorganisms do not die in the presence of an antibiotic due to misuse
Asepsis: free from all harmful microorganisms
Sterile: free from all microorganisms
Subject: Leaving Certificate Biology Higher Level
Teacher: Ms. R. Doyle
Week: Week 8
Title: Monera
2
Aseuxal reproduction: reproduction involving one parent
Binary fission: asexual reproduction of bacteria by mitosis
Antigen: foreign body
Pathogen: disease causing antigen
Species: interbreeding between organisms to produce fertile offspring
Ectoparasite: parasite that lives on the surface of the living host; causing harm to the host
Endoparasite: parasite that lives inside of the living host; causing harm to the host
Subject: Leaving Certificate Biology Higher Level
Teacher: Ms. R. Doyle
Week: Week 8
Title: Monera
3
Members of the kingdom Monera
Prokaryotes (no nucleus or no membrane around cell organelles)
Can be divided into two categories
o Autotrophs: make their own food
Photosynthetic: bacteria that make their own food using light
Chemosynthetic: bacteria that make their own food using chemicals e.g.
rhizobium bacteria make their own food using Nitrogen (important in the
nitrogen cycle)
o Heterotrophs: cannot make their own food
Parasites: feed and reproduce inside a living host of a different species causing
harm to the host. Symbiotic Bacteria are bacteria that live in the presence of a
different species (eg. small intestine of humans) and both benefit from the
relationship. These bacteria produce vitamin K which is required by humans to
clot blood in conjunction with platelets. These bacteria also create competition
with harmful microorganisms. Bacteria that cause disease are known as
pathogens
Saprophytes: feed on dead organic matter and return essential nutrients to the