1 Unit Goals ANSWER the following ‘O wai kēlā ma ‘ō? ‘O wai ka inoa o kou hoaaloha? Pehea kou ‘ohana? Aia ‘oe ma hea? Aia i hea kou hale? DO the following Pronounce Hawaiian correctly Use Hawaiian phrases correctly Calculate easy equations in Hawaiian Ask and Answer WHO, HOW, WHERE Create an AIA book Mokuna ‘Elua Aia ‘Oe I Hea?
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Mokuna ZElua Aia ZOe I Hea? - waipahuhawaiian.weebly.com€¦ · 2 Kikino- Common Nouns ahupuaa traditional land division alanui mākonāstreet, road ana cave hale house, building
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Transcript
1
Unit Goals
ANSWER the following
‘O wai kēlā ma ‘ō?
‘O wai ka inoa o kou hoaaloha?
Pehea kou ‘ohana?
Aia ‘oe ma hea?
Aia i hea kou hale?
DO the following
Pronounce Hawaiian correctly
Use Hawaiian phrases correctly
Calculate easy equations in Hawaiian
Ask and Answer WHO, HOW, WHERE
Create an AIA book
Mokuna ‘Elua Aia ‘Oe I Hea?
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Kikino- Common Nouns
ahupua’a traditional land division
alanui street, road
ana cave
hale house, building
halekūʻai store
halepule church
hoaaloha friend
ka’a car
kahakai beach
ko'a coral reef
kāne man, male
kula school
lā day
lūʻau Hawaiian feast
makuahine mother
makuakāne father
manō shark
noho chair
'ohana family
pā’ina small party with dinner
wahine woman, female
Nā Nīnau- Question Words
i hea/ ma hea where
Nā Ka'i- Lead Words
ka the
ke the (with K, E, A, O)
kēia this
kēlā that
nā the (plural)
'A'ano- Adjective
‘āhinahina gray
‘āwīwī fast; quick
kahiko old, traditional
‘olu’olu kind, nice, comfortable
kapu sacred; forbidden
loa very
mākonā mean, nasty
Nā Helu- Numbers
'ekahi; ho’okahi one
‘elua two
‘ekolu three
‘ehā four
‘elima five
I'oa- Place
'ane'i here
'ō over there
'Ami- Connector words
o of
i in, on, at, to, by
ma in, on, at ,to, by
me with
Papani- Personal Pronoun
a'u me; I (with an 'ami)
lāua they, them (2)
Nā Lā O Ka Pule- Days of the Week
Pō’alima Friday
Pō’aono Saturday
Ka Papa'ōlelo Hou New Vocabulary
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Phrases in this Mokuna
Aia i hea 'o Keao? Where's Keao?
Aia 'o ia ma ke kula. She's in school.
Aia 'o Keao me wai? Who's Keao with?
Aia 'o Keao me Pua. Keao's with Pua.
‘O wai lāua? Who are they?
‘O kona mau hoaaloha lāua. They’re her friends.
A hui hou kāua Until we meet again. See you late.
E hele mai ‘oe! You should come!
'Ae Yes.
'A'ole No.
akā but, however
Hiki nō! Can do! Alright!
Mahalo Thanks
E ‘Ōlelo Hawai’i Kākou Let’s Speak Hawaiian
Here are a few expressions that you’ll see in this mokuna.
Take the time to read, practice and memorize them.
1- Study FLASHCARDS first. a. LISTEN and REPEAT the Hawaiian b. FLIP the card to reveal the English translation
2- PLAY the games a. Scatter b. Space Race
3- TEST yourself a. Don’t settle for less than an A
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Grammar Notes: Mokuna ‘Elua
ENGLISH Grammar Terms
Here are a few terms that are used in this Mokuna. What’s a NOUN?
A NOUN is a person, place or thing What are the different types of nouns?
common noun- general names for a person, place or thing o example: father, school, car, island, etc.
pronoun- takes the place of a noun o example: he, you, they, me, it, etc.
proper noun- specific name o example: Kāhealani, Waipahū, Long’s, Windward Mall, etc.
How can I tell what the SUBJECT of a sentence is?
The someone or something doing the action or being talked about is usually the SUBJECT.
HAWAIIAN Grammar Terms ka’i
a lead word; always goes in front of a common noun o ka pua. kēia hale, ko’u inoa
Pepeke Henua (Sentence Type)
Tells us WHERE or WHEN
She’s at school.
Waipahū is on O’ahu.
The party is on Saturday Ke Analula (Pattern) po’o piko ‘ami ‘awe AIA + subject + connector + location Aia ‘o ia ma ke kula. Aia ‘o Waipahū i O’ahu. Aia ka pā’ina ma ka Pō’aono.
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Nā Ka’i Lead Words
Let’s talk about ka’i. These are small but very important words. The term ka’i is used in the Hawaiian textbook, Nā Kai ‘Ewalu (W. Wilson, K. Kamanā). They use this term to identify a group of words which alaka’i, or lead, a common noun. Here’s what you need to know.
Common nouns cannot stand alone. A ka’i must go before a noun.
o Remember, a common noun is a person, place or thing. Here’s an example:
Take the word ka’a (car). There should always be a ka’i in front of it. It’s improper to just say ka’a in Hawaiian. Here are a few to use.
o ke ka’a- the car o kēia ka’a- this car o ko’u ka’a- my car o kēnā ka’a- that(near) car
KA and KE The Leader of the Lead Words The most commonly used ka’i are ka and ke. The general translation for these ka’i is THE. Don’t be fooled by this translation though. These ka’i are always used in front of nouns, even if there is no specific leader. When do you use KA or KE? KE is used before words that begin with the letters K, E, A, O. There are a few exceptions to that rule. KA is used with everything else. TIP: A word without a ka’i may change the meaning. ka noho= the chair noho= to live, to sit, to stay
Ha’awina 1- ka or ke WRITE the correct ka’i (ka or ke) for each of the
Nā Ka’i ‘ē a’e- Other Lead Words There are many other ka’i. These ka’i also lead nouns. They each serve a different purpose and give more details to the noun. Here are a few more ka’i to learn and use.
kēia- this kēia ka’a- this car kēlā- that kēlā ka’a- that car ko’u- my ko’u ka’a- my car kou- your kou ka’a- your car kona- his, her kona ka’a- his/ her car nā- the (plural) nā ka’a- the cars
Nā Ka’i ‘Ē A’e Other Lead Words
Ha’awina 4- Nā Ka’i ‘Ē A’e (Other Lead Words) __________/ 10 Helu ‘ai - Translate to Hawaiian
1. this house- __________________________________________________
2. that woman- ________________________________________________
3. her mother- _________________________________________________
4. the sharks- __________________________________________________
5. your friend- _________________________________________________
6. my family- ___________________________________________________
7. the school- __________________________________________________
8. that church- _________________________________________________
9. my street- __________________________________________________
10. that cave- ___________________________________________________
11. the chairs- ___________________________________________________
Ha’awina 5: Ka’i: Word Search __________/ 10 Helu ‘ai Translate the words below from English to Hawaiian. Complete the word search puzzle below by finding all the Hawaiian words.
1. the (plural) __________________
2. the ________________
3. the (only before words that start with k, e, a, o) ________________
Now, use the short phrases with question words. It’s easy to ask as well as answer. Look at the process below. You’ll notice that the answer replaces the question. Sometimes, the subject changes. (kou > ko’u) (your > my) QUESTION + subject ANSWER + subject Pehea kou hale? Maika’i ko’u hale. Pehea kēlā kahakai? ‘Olu’olu kēlā kahakai. ‘O wai kēia kāne? ‘O Lani kēia kāne. ‘O ko’u hoaaloa kēia kāne. ‘O wai kou hoaaloha? ‘O Pono ko’u hoaaloha. ‘O Pono kona inoa. No hea mai kou ‘ohana? No Ho’okena mai ko’u ‘ohana. No Ho’okena mai lākou.
Ha’awina 6- Nīnau Aku, Pane Mai __________/ 15 Helu ‘ai
1. Pehea _____________________ ? How’s your family?
a. Maika’i _____________________________. My family’s fine.
2. ‘O wai __________________________? Who’s that woman?
a. ‘O Lani __________________________. That woman is Lani.
3. No hea mai ______________________________________? Where’s your father from?
a. No _________________ko’u________________. My father’s from Kalihi.
4. Pehea ____________________________? How’s that car?
a. ‘Āwīwī _______________________. That car is fast.
5. ‘O wai _________________ o ________________________? (Who) What’s the name of your
friend?
a. ‘O _______________________ kona ________________________. His name is Lono.
Nīnau Aku, Pane Mai Ask and Answer
10
… i hea?
where?
This Hawaiian question word , MA HEA, is
translated as WHERE. It can also be said,
I HEA as well.
Here’s what it looks like in a sentence:
Aia ‘o Keao ma hea? Where is Keao?
Aia 'o Keao ma ka papa. o Keao is in the class.
Aia ‘o ia i ke kula
o She’s at school
Aia ‘o ia me nā haumana i ke kula. o She’s with the students in school.
Can you see a pattern in the sentences?
Look at the similarities. Let's learn more
about this type of sentence.
This sentence tells you WHERE someone or
something is. This type of sentence is also
known as:
PEPEKE HENUA
LOCATIONAL SENTENCE
This type of sentence can also tell you WHEN
something occurs.
… ma hea?
where?
Ha’awina 7: ma hea? Where? What are the two names for this type of sentence:
a. ______________________________________
b. ______________________________________
What two things does this type of sentence tell us?
a. ______________________________________
b. ______________________________________
What word is always the PO’O for this type of sentence?
_____________________________________
Kou Inoa: ____________________________________
_________/ 10 Helu ‘ai
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PEPEKE HENUA: Locational Sentence
KE ANALULA- The Pattern
PO’O PIKO ‘AWE
Aia + subject + ma/ i + location/ time.
EXAMPLES--
Aia ka ‘ohana ma ka pā’ina. The family is at the party.
Aia ka pā’ina ma ka Pō’alima. The party is on Friday.
Aia ko’u makuakāne ma ka hale pule. My father is at church.
Aia nā manō ma ke ana i Pu’uloa. The sharks are in the cave at Pu’uloa.
Aia ‘o Lehua ma ke kula. Lehua is at school.
Aia ‘o ia me a’u. She’s with me.
Notice:
Names of people (Lehua) will take an ‘o marker when it’s in the piko position.
au changes to a’u when it’s in the ‘awe position.
Ha’awina 8: Ka Unuhi- Translation
1. Keao is in school.
2. She is by her friend.
3. Her friend is with the teacher.
4. They (3) are in Waipahū.
5. The woman is at the store with me.
6. I am at the store with the woman.
7. The lū’au is on Saturday in Kailua.
Ha’awina 9: Kou Manawa- Your Turn Kou Inoa: ___________________________ Task:
Vocabulary Good variety of new words chosen. All words seem to be connected.
Good variety of new words chosen. Not all words make sense together.
Not all vocabulary are new. Some words may be inappropriate to topic.
No new vocabulary used.
Sentence Structure No errors. Few errors Some errors. Too many errors in spelling and grammar.
Illustration Pictures, drawings represent the text well. No pencil drawings.
Pictures, drawings represent the text well. Drawings done in pencil.
Pictures are not related to text.
No illustrations provided.
Overall Presentation
Work is neat and clear. All elements work together.
Work is neat and clear. Some elements do not work well together.
Work is messy and difficult to read.
Total Points Earned
Ha’awina 10: Ka Puke AIA
Task: CREATE a short book using the Pepeke Henua Use the template on the next page to create your book. Step 1: Choose three items that are somewhat related to each other. They should be NEW VOCABULARY. ex: finger > hand > arm box > wrapper > candy Step 2: Find the Hawaiian translations for each of the words. Step 3: Follow the template and write your Pepeke Henua using your
new words.
Step 4: Illustrate your book.
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V
ocabulary
A
ia i hea …
_______________?
N
a:
A
ia
___
____
____
___
ma
___
____
____
___
ma
___
____
____
___.
A
ia i hea
_____________ ?
A
ia
___
____
____
__
ma
___
____
____
__
Aia…
ma…
Aia
i he
a…
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Nā Helu Numbers
1 ‘ekahi
2 ‘elua
3 ‘ekolu
4 ‘ehā
5 ‘elima
Ha’awina 11- Nā Helu
Task: Solve the Math Problems. Write the answers in Hawaiian.
Hui: Pūpū (a`o `Ewa) i ka nu`a (nā kānaka) E naue mai (a e `ike) I ka mea hou (o ka `āina) Ahe `āina (ua kaulana) Mai nā kūpuna mai Alahula Pu`uloa he ala hele no Ka`ahupāhau, Alahula Pu`uloa he ala hele no Ka`ahupāhau. Nani Ka`ala hemolele i ka mālie Kuahiwi kaulana a`o `Ewa E ki`i ana i ka makani o ka `āina Hea ka Moa`e eia au e ke aloha Kilakila `o Polea noho i ka `olu Ia home ho`ohihi a ka malihini E walea ana i ka `olu o ke kiawe I ka pā kolonahe a ke Kiu
Chorus Shells of `Ewa throngs of people Coming to learn The news of the land A land famous From the ancient times All of Pu`uloa, the path trod upon by Ka`ahupahau All of Pu`uloa, the path trod upon by Ka`ahupahau Beautiful Ka`ala, sublime in the calm Famous mountain of `Ewa That fetches the wind of the land The tradewind calls, "here I am, beloved"
Majestic Polea in the coolness Home delightful to visitors Relaxing in the coolness of the kiawe And the soft blowing of the Kiu wind
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Ka'ahupāhau: Ka Manō Kapu o Pu’uloa
UNDERLINE the characters
CIRCLE the place names
READ the story aloud
The guardian sharks of Pu'uloa were
Ka'ahupāhau and her brother Kahi'ukā. Such
guardian sharks, which inhabited the coastlines of
all the islands, were benevolent1 gods who were
cared for and worshiped by the people and who
aided fishermen, protected the life of the seas,
and drove off man-eating sharks. Ka'ahupāhau
may mean "Well-cared for Feather Cloak"2. Kahi'ukā means "Smiting3 Tail"; his shark tail was used to
strike at enemy sharks; he also used his tail to strike fishermen as a warning that unfriendly sharks had
entered Pu'uloa. Ka'ahupāhau lived in an underwater cave in Honouliuli4 lagoon. Kahi'ukā lived in an
underwater cave off Moku'ume'ume5 near Keanapua'a Point at the entrance of East Loch; he also had
the form of an underwater stone. The following story by Pa'ahana Wiggin, published in 1926 (Pukui and
Green), tells of Ka'ahupāhau's defense of her waters against Mikololou, a man-eating shark from the Big
Island:
Mikololou was a shark from Ka'ū district on the island of Hawai'i. One day he and his shark friends,
Kua, Keli'ikaua o Ka'ū, Pakaiea, and Kalani, set out on a visit to O'ahu. On the way they fell in with
other sharks all going in the same direction.
Arriving at Pu'uloa6, they encountered Ka'ahupāhau, the female shark who guarded the entrance of
Pearl Harbor. She had another body in the form of a net extremely difficult to tear, with which she captured
all alien sharks who entered her harbor. Her brother Kahi'ukā, "The-smiting-tail," struck at intruders with
his tail, one side of which was larger than the other and very sharp. These two with their followers were
not man-eating sharks and the people on land guarded them well, bringing them food and scraping their
backs free of the barnacles that attached themselves there.
When the visitors arrived, one of them remarked, "Ah! what delicious-looking crabs you have here!" Now
man-eating sharks speak of men as "crabs," and Ka'ahupāhau knew at once that some of the strangers
were man-eaters. But she could not distinguish between the good and the bad sharks, hence she
changed into the form of a great net and hemmed in her visitors while the fishermen who answered her
signal came to destroy them.
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Ka’ahupāhau: Ka Manō o Pu’uloa ‘Ao‘ao ‘Elua Keli'ikaua o Ka'ū changed himself into a pao'o7 and leaped out of the net. Kua changed into a lupe, or
spotted sting-ray, and, weighing down the net on one side, helped his son Kalani and his nephew Pakaiea,
who were half-human, to escape. But before anything more could be done, the fishermen hauled in the
nets to shore and poor Mikololou was cast upon the shore with the evil doers, where they were left to die
of the intense heat.
All were soon dead but Mikololou; though his body died his head lived on and as the fishermen passed to
and from their work, his eyes followed them and tears rolled down his face. At last his tongue fell out. Some
children playing nearby found it. They picked it up and cast it into the sea.
Now Mikololou's spirit had passed out of his head into his tongue and as soon as he felt the water again
he became a whole shark. With a triumphant flop of his tail, he headed for home to join his friends again.
When Ka'ahupāhau saw him, it was too late to prevent his departure.
"Mikololou lived through his tongue," or, as the Hawaiians say, "I ola o Mikololou i ka ‘alelo." This saying
implies that however much trouble one may have, there is always a way of escape.
Ka'ahupāhau no longer lives at Pu'uloa, coming and going with her twin sons Kupipi and Kumaninini.
But when the United States government built a dry-dock for the navy just over the old home of
Ka'ahupāhau, the natives regarded the proceedings with superstitious fear. Scarcely was it completed
after years of labor when the structure fell with a crash. Today a floating dock is employed. Engineers say
that there seem to be tremors of the earth at this point which prevent any structure from resting upon the
bottom, but Hawaiians believe that "The-smiting-tail" still guards the blue lagoon at Pearl Harbor.
Notes: friendly
1
the feather cloak was a symbol of royalty2
to hit3
West Loch4
Ford Island5
Long-Hill; Pearl Harbor6
a fish capable of leaping from one shoreline pool to another7
Ka’ahupāhau Ha’awina 13- What I Learned Map Chart the following places on the map. WRITE the appropriate number at the site and CIRCLE THE NUMBER.
1- The cave where Ka’ahupāhau lived
2- The cave where Kahi’ukā lived
3- The area that Ka’ahupāhau guarded
4- Waipahū High School Matching
1. _____ benevolent A. Pearl Harbor; Long Hill
2. _____ smiting B. friendly
3. _____ crabs C. Ford Island
4. _____ Moku’ume’ume D. to hit
5. _____ Pu’uloa E. Term the sharks used to refer to men
6. _____ Honouliuli F. West Loch
Questions
1. How did the people of the area care for Ka’ahupāhau and Kahi’ukā?
2. What form did Ka’ahupāhau change into to trap the intruding sharks?
3. How were the intruding sharks killed?
4. Name the five intruding sharks that were able to escape and give a brief explanation of how they were able to flee.
a. ______________________________________________________ b. ______________________________________________________ c. ______________________________________________________ d. ______________________________________________________ e. ______________________________________________________
Aia ‘o Keao me kona hoaaloha ma ke kula. ‘O Pua ka inoa o kona hoaaloha.
Aia lāua ma ka papa ‘ōlelo Hawai’i.
Keao: Aloha kāua e Pua. Pehea ‘oe?
Pua: ‘Oia mau nō. A ‘o ‘oe?
Keao: Maika‘i nō au. Mahalo. E Pua, Aia i hea kou hale?
Pua: Aia ko‘u hale ma Waikele.
Keao: Pehea ka hale?
Pua: Kahiko loa ka hale, akā, maika‘i nō. Aia ka pā‘ina ma ko‘u hale i kēia
Pō‘alima. E hele mai ‘oe!
Keao: ‘Ae, hiki nō. A hui hou kāua i kēia Pō‘alima.
Here’s a simple conversation. With two other
classmates, practice reading the conversation below
Ha’awina 14- Reading
CHOOSE a part (Narrator, Keao, Pua)
PRACTICE reading your part aloud
READ the conversation to a Kumu or a TA
_______/ 15 Helu ‘ai + √ √-
Ha’awina 15: Nā Nīnau
1. Where are Pua and Keao?
2. How’s Pua feeling today?
3. Where is his house?
4. How is his house?
5. What’s happening at his house?
6. When is the event?
E Heluhelu Hawai’i Kākou Let’s Read Hawaiian
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Ka Pā’ani: What’s the Question?
Type of Activity: LISTENING & SPEAKING Objective: After you are given a statement, you must guess the question it answers. Purpose: review question forms previously studied in class
‘O wai?
Pehea?
No hea?
Aia i hea? Procedure: Form two to three teams
Have two to three players--one from each team--come to the front. Style it like a game show if you like, with the students standing side-by-side. If you have access to bells or buzzers, it's even more fun.
Next, read an answer to a question and say, 'What's the question?' The fastest player to respond wins a point for her/his team. New contestants come to the front for a new round.
Rationale: This game forces you to think backwards a little, so the player must provide a grammatically perfect question. All too often, we are used to answering rather than asking questions, so this is challenging and useful as review.
Ha’awina 16- Ka Pā’ani ________/ 25 Helu ‘ai Your Thoughts:
1. This game was ___________________________________________________ . 2. I did __________________________ in the game. 3. The next time, I should _____________________________________________. 4. Any other comments?
E Pā’ani Kākou Let’s Play
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Ka Ho'oma'ama'a Hou Review
Use the information in this Mokuna to complete the review. You will be tested on the information.
1. What is the ANSWER to "Aia i hea kou hale?”__________________________________________
2. What does the QUESTION word ma hea mean? ______________________
3. What is another way to say it? ____ hea
4. Which type of noun are the following:
o ______________________ is the general name for a person, place or thing. (car, woman)
o ______________________ is a specific name for a noun. (Wai’anae, Kalani)
o ______________________ takes the place of a noun. ( he, she, they)
5. The someone or something doing the action or being talked about is usually the
___________________ of a sentence. We call it the ____________ in Hawaiian.
6. The purpose of a Pepeke Henua is to tell us ________________ or __________________.
7. The ka’i KE is used with words beginning with the letters _____, _____, _____, and _____.
8. What is the QUESTION to “Maika’i ko’u hale.” _________________________________________
9. What numbers go BEFORE these numbers:
o ______________ ‘elima
o ______________ ‘ekolu
o ______________ ‘elua
10. Match the following characters to their role or meaning.
o _____ Mikololou A. Brother of Ka’ahupāhau. Name means smiting tail.
o _____ Kahi’ukā B. Guardian shark of Pu’uloa. Cared for by the people of the area.
o _____ Ka’ahupāhau C. Evil shark from Ka’ū. Escaped near death.
11. Match the following place names.
o _____ Pu’uloa A. Known as Ford Island today.
o _____ Moku’ume’ume B. General name for Pear Harbor. Name means long hill.
o _____ Keanapua’a C. Entrance point to East Loch.
o _____ Honouliuli D. Area where Ka’ahupāhau lived in her cave in West Loch.
o participate fully in class o watch Hawaiian on ‘Oiwi TV o go online o listen in on conversations o read Hawaiian signs aloud
Embrace Mistakes o don’t worry about sounding “wrong” o learn to laugh at yourself
Keep up with assignments o ask a classmate for updates o ask the kumu for updates
Come in for help as soon as you need it o Student Learning Time (Mon, Wed, Fri) o Before school
Have fun with Hawaiian! o practice with friends, your dog, your family
Resources In School Student Learning Time (After School: Monday, Wednesday, Friday) Online Hawaiian website: waipahuhawaiian.weebly.com School website: edline.net Hawaiian Dictionary: wehewehe.org You can contact me at: [email protected]