Moinak's Presentation_Artificial Heart-Lung Machine

SILIGURI INSTITITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

NAME:- MOINAK DEYNAME:- MOINAK DEY

33RDRD YEAR YEAR

66THTH SEMESTER SEMESTER

DEPT:-BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERINGDEPT:-BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING

TEACHER:- SUJAN K.SAMANTATEACHER:- SUJAN K.SAMANTA

TOPIC OF SEMINARTOPIC OF SEMINAR

“ARTIFICIAL HEART-LUNG MACHINE”

ArtificialArtificial Heart-lungHeart-lung Machine Machine

What is an “Artificial Heart-Lung Machine”?

The Artificial Heart-Lung Machine is a unit,in which an artificial lung and a heat exchanger is connected to an undulation pump and a drive unit.

It circulates the blood if the heart is stopped.

In 1937,Dr.Gibbon invented the first artificial heart-lung machine.

In 1953,he performed the first artificial heart-lung machine implantation operation in human.

First Heart-Lung Machine By Dr.Gibbon(1937) First Heart-Lung Machine(1937)

ArtificialArtificial Heart-Lung Heart-Lung MachineMachine

Model Of Artificial Heart Lung Artificial Heart Lung MachineMachine

ReceivingReservoir

CoronarySinusPump

SettlingReservoir

Oxygenator

CoronaryHeat

Exchanger

CoronaryPump

ArterialPump

ArterialHeat

Exchanger

Filter

FROM CORONARY SINUS

FROM HEART

VENOUS INPUTTO ARTERY TO CORONARY ARTERIES

Block Diagram Of Artificial Heart-Lung Heart-Lung MachineMachine

Working Mechanism:Working Mechanism:

• Consists of a chamber which receives blood from body.

• Blood is pushed inside the reservoir.• Blood is pushed from the reservoir to an

oxygenator.• Oxygenator removes Carbon dioxide

and adds oxygen.• Pump, then pumps this newly

oxygenated blood back to the body.• Connected to patient by a series of

tubes.

Fig:-Working Mechanism Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine

Fig:- Tubing distribution Of Artificial Heart-Lung MachineTubing distribution Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine

Parts Of Artificial Heart-Lung Parts Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine:-Machine:-

The artificial heart-lung machine consists of several parts. They follow a major role in the working of the machine.The parts which constitute the artificial heart-lung machine are:-

Oxygenator.Heat Exchanger.Filter.Pump.Reservoir.

Oxygenator:-One main component of the artificial heart-

lung machine is the Oxygenator.An oxygenator is a medical device that is

capable of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

In general the basic types of oxygenators are:-

• Bubble OxygenatorBubble Oxygenator• Film OxygenatorFilm Oxygenator• Membrane OxygenatorMembrane Oxygenator

Basic Types of OxygenatorsBasic Types of Oxygenators

A. BubbleA. Bubble

B. FilmB. Film

C. MembraneC. Membrane

Comparison between 3 oxygenators

Flow capacity

Priming volume

Initial cost

Maintenance cost

Bubble OxygenatorFilm Oxygenator

Membrane Oxygenator

Medium

Medium

Low

High

High

Large

High

Medium

Low

Small

Medium

High

Heat Exchanger:-This arrangement allows the temperature

regulation of the blood by Heat ExchangeHeat Exchange between blood and media.

The Cylindrical Heat ExchangerCylindrical Heat Exchanger contains channels to move blood from pump to oxygenator.

Filter:-This device filters micro-particles(<40(<40ÅÅ)) in

size,which enters the machine.

FilterFilter,filters the blood from the artificial heart-lung machine and delivers it to the other parts of the body.

Pump:-PumpPump,permits the blood coming from the

reservoir to be driven out to the heat exchanger.

Advantages:- The pumppump increases the space and volumespace and volume

of the whole system.

Reservoir:-ReservoirReservoir,is the storage device which is

responsible for both collection and distribution of the blood.

A ReservoirReservoir collects blood drained from the venous circulation and heart.

Uses:-Uses:- Air-fluid separation. Temporary storage. Ventilation(Bubble Oxygenenators). Filtration.

The Ideal Heart-Lung MachineThe Ideal Heart-Lung Machine

Oxygenate upto 5 liters/min of venous blood to 95-100%.

CO2 removal is efficient. Has reasonable priming volume. It is Biocompatible. Simple,dependable,safe,easily

sterilized,easily connected and disconnected from the patient.

RECENTLY DEVELOPED HEART-LUNG MACHINE

5th Generation HL Machine

World’s Smallest Heart-Lung Machine

New Baby HL Machine

CONCLUSION

Thus blood can be re-routed through artificial heart-lung machine.

Since its development almost forty years ago, thousands of human and animal hearts have been repaired while this life-saving machine took over for them during surgery.

REFERENCEWEBSITES:-www.soringroup-usa.comwww.news.bbc.co.ukwww.surguryencyclopedia.comwww.nedicow.com

BOOKS:-Textbook Of Medical Physiology, by Guyton & Hall.Bio-Medical Instrumentation, by M.Arumugam.