Modern Gymnast - June/July 1967

~rnodern

VOLUME IX

CONTENTS

JUNE· JULY, 1967 Nos. 6 & 7

NOTES FROM THE EDITOR ................... ............. Glenn Sundby 5 GUEST EDITORIAL ........................................ ...... Abe Grossfeld 6 CHALK TALK .............................................................................. 8 THE STAMP AND GYMNASTICS ...................... Harry Johnson 8 CANADIAN REPORT ............................................. .John Nooney 9 EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIPS .................... Dr. Joseph Gohler 10 U.S.GJ. :CHAMPIONSHIPS ................................ ..... .Frank Bare 12 MEN'S AAU CHAMPIONSHIPS ........ .. ....... .... .. ... .Jerry Wright 13 WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP ROUTINE ...................... .... Menichelli 16 1967 WOMEN'S AAU CHAMPIONSHIPS ............................ ...... 18 1967 WOMEN'S COLLEGIATE CHAMPIONSHIPS .................... 19 GYMNASTICS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION .. A. Bruce Frederick 20 RESEARCH AND FITNESS IN GYMNASTICS .... Dr. James Bosco 22 LET'S TEACH ROUTINES ................................ Dr. Bill Vincent 23 SOME Sf ODlNG ·TECHNIQUES FOR PARALLEL BARS .. ........

- Arlynn Anderson 24 GYMNA~TIC AIDS .............................................. ...... Don Tonry 25 PROGRESSION FOR THE EAGLE ........................ Roger Gedney 26 CONDITIONIi'i -: FOR COMPETITION ...................... Dick Wolfe 27 HELEN'S: CORNER ...... .... .................................... Helen Sjursen 27 LEITERS ....................................................................... ............. 28 Y·NEWS · .................................................................... Ken Hollis 28 MG SCOREBOARD ........................................... ......................... 29

COVER: ~teve Hug, up and coming young f ifteen year old All-Around gymnast f rom Southern Ca lifornia . Steve just graduated from Jr. High Sch oo l and was among the qual if iers for the Pan Am Trials in Mrnnesot q.

GLENN ~UNDBY ......................... ... ............. .... Editor-Publisher

ASSOCIATE EDITORS A. BRUCE FREDERICK .. .................... .... .. .. ............. . Educotion DR. JAMES S. BOSCO ........... ...... .. .... .. ..................... Reseorch DICK C~ ILEY ...... .. ....... ... ............................. ....... .... .. Stotistics J 1M FARKAS ..... .... .............................................. . Instruction JERRY WRIGHT ................. .. ............................... Competition FRANK L. BARE ............... .. ... ... ... ........... .. ........... .. .. .. .... USGF JESS ROBINSON .... .. .............. ... ... ........ ...... ............ Trompoline ROY DAVIS ................................................................ Judging JACKIE ,KLEIN UPHUES .. .. .. ........... .. .. .... .......... .. ....... .. Women KENNETH W. HOLLIS ........................................ .. ...... YMCA KEN SAj<0DA ...... .... ........... ...... ......................... Art & Design

INTERNATIONAL JOHN NOONEY .......... ............... .......... ... .. .... .... ... ..... ... Conado DR. JOS~PH GOHLER .................... .. ......... .... .. .. ........ . Germony

THE MODERN GYMNAST is published by Sundby Publications , 410 Broadway, Santa Monica , Ca lifornia 90401. Second class postage ))<lid at Santa Monica, Calif. . Published monthly ex-cept bi-monthl y in April , Ma y, June and Jul y. Price $5.00 per year, 50¢ s ingle copy : Subscr iption correspondence to; THE MODERN GYMNAST,P.O.Box 611, Santa Monica, California 90406. Copyright 1967 c all rights reserved by SUNDBY PUB­LICATIO NS, 410 Broadway , Santa Monica, Calif. All pictures and manusc ripts submitted become the property of THE MODERN GYMNAST unless a return request a nd suffic ient postage are in­cluded . :

NOTES FROM THE EDITOR:

BEAT BOARD: It would seem our GYM FORUM and GUEST EDITORIAL in the past two editions of The MODERN GYMNAST made a few waves. At least from the calls and letters we have rece ived there have been a few differences of opinion. This is good, we want our MG readers to "Speak out" this is part of the point and purpose of the MG, it lets off steam. Also many coaches, officials and gymnasts' render our sport a service when they bring to light opinions, new ideas, and experiences that may lead to discussions and eventual rule changes beneficial to the growth of gymnastics. Big thoughts such as event, equ ipment and scoring changes, little thoughts of chalk dust, flashbulbs and trophy presentations, construc· tive ideas not just gripes, positive suggestions not just per· sonal negative babbling help us go forward.

I THE NCAA, USGF, AAU and even the International FIG body do not have all the answers, but they expect their officials to keep pace with the majority views and trends (well most of them), feel the pulse of the sport and take the necessary action. Sometimes it takes awhile to follow through and make changes and sometimes as with the trampol ine they act too fast and catch everyone off balance.

PERSONALLY SPEAKING, I for one would like to see more em· phasis on the all·around event in college and high school coaching and competition, but then again I like all gymnastic events including trampoline, tumbling and rope climbing. Fact is I would even like to see competition in acrobatics, hand· balancing and syncronized apparatus work in America as they now have in many countries in Europe. This however is just my opinion.

THE MAIN POINT is that there have been many changes in Gymnastics in past years and there will continue to be changes in the years ahead and part of our obligation as editors of the MG is to report and bring to the attention of our readers suggestions and changes .. . . whether we necessarily agree or not.

HOW DO YOU FEEL about local, national, international com· petitions, event sequence, all·around, equipment specifica­tions, judging, scoring, head judge, deductions, judges con· ferences, warm·up t ime, seeding, rotation, opening cere mo· nies,announcing, footwear, short or long pants for floor ex· ercise, trophy stands, photographers, newspaper reports, meet results, video tapes, films, posters, music, crowds, leotards, camps, clinics, exhibitions, coed gym activities, artistic gym· nastics, modern gymnastics, syncronized gymnastics, mass gymnastics, sanctions, travel permits, the MG or what have you? These are just a sampling of subjects that could be a point of discussion in "Beat Board", "Gym Forum", "Speak Out" or any other title that may fit the situation. If YOU have something to say let us hear from you. Your opinions will help us plan our future editorial trends in the M.G. . . and the most interesting, stimulating, unusual or provocative ideas from our readers will be published in coming editions of the MG. Clever cartoons and gymnastic quips will also be welcome, remember, "One picture (or cartoon) can be worth a thousand words" and "many a truth is spoken in jest."

COACHES, do you have a pet item or .point about gymnastics that you have been wanting to get off your chest for days, weeks or years? If it is worth taking time to write down it may well be worth while material for our " GUEST EDITORIAL" to be shared with thousands of gymnasts around the world.

GUEST EDITORIAL

CONSIDERATIONS FOR COACHING OUR NATIONAL TEAM By Abie Grossfeld

Men's Coach of U.S. World Championships Team Dortmund, Germany -1966

I have been requested to relate my experiences as coach of the U.S. World Championships Team. The following are those considerations that I felt were most pertinent. I will begin by recounting the preparatory program, then move into our per­formance in Dortmund and what we can look forward to in the future.

Having been a member of past international teams, many thoughts ran through my mind when I first accepted this posi­tion, but foremost was what it would take to place third. (It has been well known for years that Japan and the USSR have had such a commanding lead over the rest of the gymnastics world that to think of placing first or second would have been highly unrealistic.) After some deliberation limited by the time available for training, the answer lay primarily in two factors­consistElllcy and execution.

The day after the final tryouts last summer, we proceeded to the training site at Penn State University. One of my first considerations was to determine the final six man team so that all knew their place. It was made clear that an obvious or unusual circumstance such as a serious injury or a miraculous improvement would mean a change. The following items were considered in determining the alternate: (1) The final tryouts were under FIG rules using four judges involving a stress situ­ation most closely simulating that of the World Championships which well indicated the competitors reliability. (2) Each man should know his status "early" to provide for better intrateam relationships. (3) The period of time from the final tryouts to the Championships. (4) The progress of improvement and per­formance level of each gymnast.

At the training site, my plan had to be altered due to un­expected and yet dispensable circumstances. Rather than fret over unanticipated and hindering difficulties, I suppressed per­sonal upsets, considered the effect of an action on our ultimate objective-optimum performance during the Championships­and readjusted the program to best suit the existing situation. A constant reminder of the ultimate objective was my guide throughout the training period.

The basic principle in determining the training program was to consider individual differences. Reminiscing about the prob­lems of past international teams, considerably influenced my plan which attempted to account for the various temperaments, training methods and extraneous obligations.

In setting up the training schedule, my first consideration was to attain a high level of team condition to better insure consistent performance in Dortmund. I began by standardizing one method of executing the compulsory exercises for the pur­post of implicating disciplined training-an important trait to display in gymnastics. Then, after screening for individual weaknesses, I attempted . to eliminate all the obvious, easily remediable faults in execution (poor rhythm, asymmetrical align­ment of . the limbs and head, awkward movement and posture, positions and static parts not properly held, lack of hip and shoulder extension, etc.) and routine structure and, subse­quently, to improve the more difficult techniques. For example, compulsory parts generally troublesome were: increasing height on the front vault mount on parallel bars, lifting and extending legs and hips on the forward undercut on side horse, stooping through with straight legs on horizontal bar, and gaining height and fluency in tumbling).

The basic training schedule, used as a guide since most of the gymnasts frequently had to deviate slightly in order to train most efficiently, was as follows: Monday, compulsory parts; 6

Tuesday, optiona,l parts; Wednesday, compulsory halves over­lapping; Thursday, optional halves overlapping; Friday, compul­sory routines; Saturday, optional routines; Sunday, rest. The flexibility of our schedule was an outgrowth of my constant concern to avoid injuries.

Also posted each week was a questionnaire pertaining to diet, rest, ailments and training-for informative and motiva­tional reasons-which each gymnast filled out daily. Motion pic­tures were taken of the final tryouts and of one of the three practice meets including a recording review, as they performed, of their faults with corrections.

I was against a pre-Dortmund dual meet; however, when the meet with Norway, weak gymnastically, came through, I recon­sidered the opportunity but was still hesitant mainly because of competition strain and increased chance of injury just ten days prior to the Championships. Since the team was in favor of the competition and it might prove to be a final genuine opportunity to work out minor difficulties, I conceded.

I knew the team was ready physically when we arrived in Dortmund. Now the problem was to instill in the team the right frame of mind. I informed the team on what to expect hoping to guard against loss of morale. I was constantly aware that the proper attitude the day of competition was the key to attaining our optimum performance. Consequently, the team attitude was such that each man was ready to do his best, and he knew that the other men were pulling for him.

Backtracking to before the World Championships, our hopes of placing third were dimmer than in previous championships. Especially since Germany had done so well in Tokyo comfortably placing third and moreover, had improved since then. Our chances of placing even fourth, fifth or sixth were not too bright since most of the other European teams had improved markedly.

The German press slated us for eighth place but, as it was, we managed sixth place. We missed fifth place by merely two­tenths of a point and fourth place by eight-tenths of a point. This minute difference was from over 550 points. Since we came so close to a higher position, the tendency is to reflect back and see where we could have made up the difference. Even though we performed ' comparatively well in Dortmund, we did have five or six definite errors in execution, out of seventy-two exercises, costing us over two points. East Germany beat us by over ten points which was not due to their greater consistency or routine structure but, rather,was due to their superior exe­cution and raw difficulty.

Our one month training period and dual meet with Norway (U.S. 561 , Norway 551) prior to the World Championships helped to condition us and eliminate numerous faults. This was demon­stated in the Championships by the fact that our team had the fewest major breaks of any team. One point of interest: we were also the only team where all six men went through their side horse optional routines without a major break.

The only consolation after the Championships is that our team was the most consistent team and was so close to teams (Poland and Czechoslovakia) rated significantly superior to us.

Americans want to know why we cannot place first. Why be content with fou rth?

We gymnasts are not content with fourth, third, or even second. Gymnastic programs are beginning to take hold through­out the United States in schools at all levels. Our rate of im­provement is accelerating, and the time might not be too far off before the Americans start breaking into the winners' circle.

However, as time shortens to the Mexico Olympic Games, the chances of placing third become less. If the entire United States gymnastics community did all that is known, our desired end would be achieved.

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N.A.C.G.C. NAMES OFFICERS At their meeting in Carbondale, illinois,

the members of the National Association of College Gymnastic Coaches elected · Dr. J. Hubert Dunn, Northern Illinois University gymnastics coach their new president:. Other officers elected at the annual meeting were Carl Schwenzfeier, Air Force Academy, as vice-president aI\d Dr. Eric Hughes, Uni­versity of Washington, as secretary-tr.easurer.

Bonnie Maxwell

Philippine Nationals One gold medal and one silver medal

plus competitive experience were brought back to the U.S. Naval Base at Subic Bay in the Philippines by daughters of U.S. personnel stationed there. Six girls partici­pated in the Philippine National Gym­na.stics competition. Michelle Holdreith earned a first in the (elementary) floor exercise with her 9.53 and Bonnie Maxwell took a second in the (secondary) floor exercise with a 9.43. Bonnie had been a member of the Southern California Acro Team. In addition to these girls. Sandy Johnson, Sharon Duncan, Maureen Hold­reith and Sue Athley represented Subic Bay for the first time in a Philippine gym nastic meet. The six girls are coached by Special Services dance instructor Mary Ellen Holdreith.

8

"WHAT'S NEW IN GYMNASTICS?" If you're still act ive as a competitor, coach or iostruc­tor, don't miss out on an entire,ly new concept in a gymnastic accessory.!....-Write today for an introductory offer to : Modern Lines, P.O. Box 953, Clark, N.J. 07066. In­clude your name, address and zip.

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By Harry Johnson South Eugene H.S. , Eugene, Oregon

PHOTO SET NO.7 In 1952 East Germany issued a stamp

honoring Friedrich Ludwig J ahn, probably for political contributions to German his­tory more than anything else. To the gym­nastic enthusiast, however, J ahn is the " father of gymnastics". He was responsible for inventing almost every piece of appar­atus known to men's Olympic competition today. Also illustrated is an imperforate and a perforate stamp of the same design issued by Bulgaria. One of the most beautiful sets ever issued was that of East Germany commemorating the 3rd European Women's Gymnastic Championships.

Descriptions : 1. Yugoslavia #704-706

a. still rings (#706 ) b. parallel bars (#705) c. side horse (#704) d. 5th European Gymnastic Champi­

onships (Belgrade, Yugoslavia) e. 1963 f. full set of three stamps

2. Ecuador #C432 a. horizontal bar b. 18th Olympic Games (Tokyo,

Japan) c. 1964 d. one stamp in a set of four e. souvenir sheet exists

3. Bulgaria # 1l16, # 1l22 a. women's floor exercise

(#1l16 perforate) b. women's floor exercise

(#1l22 imperforate) c. 17th Olympic Games (Rome, Italy) d. 1960 e. each stamp is one of a set of six

4. German Democratic Republic # 1l0 a. Friedrich Ludwig lahn (The "Fa­

ther of Gymnastics") b. 100th anniversary of the death of

Jahn 0778-1852) c. 1952 d. single stamp issue

5. San Marino Note: scratch this stamp ; it is a high

jump stamp that got into the photo­graph by accident!

6. North Viet Nam # Yvert 135-136 a. women's floor exercise p. 1958

c. full set of two stamps 7. German Democra tic Republic #555-557

a. balance beam (#556) b. women's fl oor exercise (#555) c. uneven parallel bars (#557) d. 3rd European Women's Gymnastic

Championships (Leipzig, Germany ) e. 1961 f. full set of three stamps

Next month: Some "crude" form gym­nastics> from Mali, Brazil, and Lebanon.

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~CANADIAN ~ REPORT

by fohn Nooney 18 Lavington Dr. Weston, Ontario

HERE AND THERE Mr. Jim Worrall has been named as the

Canadian member on the International Olympic Committee to replace Sid Dawes who has resigned because of age. Our con­gratulations, Jim.

Mr. von Martiny has informed me of his appointment on the St. Francis Xavier University staff. Von is well known in the California area and is a very competent gymnastic coach. He will grea tly assist us here in Canada with the promotion of the sport. Welcome to Canada, Von.

One coming up and one going down . . . Mr. Geoff Elliot has left for Berkeley to study at the University of California for one year. Lots of luck, Geoff.

Paul Viney of Calgary will become chair­man of the Alberta Association. ACCOLADE

I would like to mention the fine work of Horst Galle, the Chairman of the Tor­onto Harmonie Gym Club.

The Harmonie Gym Club is one of the oldest gym club~ in Canada having been founded in 1954. Week after week and year after year, this club introduces many young Canadians to the Sport.

Horst Galle has always been a willing worker and guiding light while receiving very little acclaim for his effort s. We badly need gymriastic people like Horst in the Sport. Thank you, Horst. OUR GYMNASTS AT THE NORTH AMERICANS

Rick Kinsman finished second in trampo­lirie. He is a member of the Canadian Armed Forces and is stationed in Camp Borden, Ontario. . .

Roger Dion took a second in the lon~ horse vault and finished 12th in the men's all-around placings. Roger placed thi fa last year at our Nationals in Manitobh. He is from Quebec City.

Susan McDonnell , a product of the Win­stonettes Gym Club, Toronto, and now at­tending Centenary College in the U.S., placed third in vaultirig and third in the unevens.

Gail Daly from Saskatoon, Sask .; placed second on the unevens and third on the Balance Beam. She is now attending Sou­thern Illinois University in the U.S.

Our women placed well in the all-Rround : Gail Daly tied for third ; Susan McDonnell was sixth; Diana Masse ninth; Glenna Sebeysten 10th ; Sandra Hartley 11th ; Bar­bara Thompson 12th. Our men fared less well: Roger Dion took 12th, Rick Kins­man 14th, Bern Krudwig 17th and J. Hoyle 18th.

PAN AMERICAN TRIALS- MONTREAL Great credit is due to the organizing

committee of the Quehec Gymnastic Associ­ation under the chairmanship of Mr. Jacques Chouinard for an excellent two day trial.

The highlights must have been the superb performances of Susan McDonnell. (What an improved gymnast ) and Syd Jensen, a junior at the University of Michigan , who placed third in the men's all -around with steady routines. A few mishaps including an injury to Gil Larose and to Susan Hart­ley spoiled things just a little, hut neither injury is serious. Both had been showing fine form until the injuries.

My report would not be complete with­out a big welcome back to ; cO)11pelitipn to Rich Montpetit who placed . second. Rich will bring a great deal of experience to this team and so will Cal Girard, always a steady performer. Roger Dion, who placed first, continues to improve meet after meet. He is a fine gymnast.

This team now has a combination of ex­perience and youth, and, if given the train­ing time together under National Coach Willie Weiler, may prove to be one of the most balanced teams we have ever put together. Training time is a must if we are to place above the Mexicans and the Cubans in Winnipeg.

The women's team should be strong. Glenna Sebeysten scored high in second behind Susan McDonnell and Susie Clou~ tier placed third. Marilyn Minaker in fourth and Barbara Thompson in fifth are grat prospects. Gail Dayl and Diane Masse did not compete. The National Coach, Mrs. Marilyn Savage, has three of our own girls, and, kriowing these girls, this could help out. It looks like a very good team, but a~ain training camp is a must.

Worilen's placings-AA: S. McDannel (Ont), G. Sebeysten (Sask) , S. Cloutier (Que), M . Min­aker (ant) , B. Thompson (Ont), L. Mayhew (Sask), L. Bird (BC) . FX: McDonnell, Sebeysten, Mjnaker. UPB: McDonnell, Sebeysten, Minna­ker. B: McDonnell , Cloutier, Sebeysten. SHV: McDonnell , Cloutier, Sebeysten .

Men's placings-AA: R. Dian (Que), R. Mont­petit (Que) , S. Jensen (Que), A . Simard (Que), C. Girard (Que), R. Kinsman (Ont), B. Brooker (Ont). FX: Dian, Simard, Kinsman. SH: Mont­petit, Dian, Girard. HB : Dian, Montpetit, Jen­sen. LH : Dian, Montpetit, Jensen. _ PB: Dian, Montpetit, Simard. R: Dian, Simard, tie be-tween Jensen and Montpetit. ..

Women's All-Around placings in Canadian Pan­Am trials : 1. Susan McDonnell (Ont), 2. G. Sebeysten (Sask), 3. S. Cloutier (Que), 4 . M . M inaker (Ont), 5 . B. Thompson (Ont), 6. J. Mayhew (Sask).

NATIONAL SPORTS CENTRE Below is the questionnaire sent out by

the Canadian Amateur Sports Federation. At long last something is being done, dis­cuss this very important matter and send some of your ideas etc. to our Chairman R. Gagnier.

1. Should we plan one National Sports Cen­tre, or several Regional ones?

2. Should we plan one National Centre with Federal support and 10 Provincial centres supported by their Prov incial governments, with the National Centre being restricted f or t op coaches and athletes? .

3. It has been suggested that administrative assistance could be available from this National Centre to those sports who wish to use it . Would your sport be interested?

4 . What· facilities would be necessary to pro­perl y serve your sport?

5. To Qenefit your sport how many people do y.ou calculate would use the Centre at any ·one time-Male? Female?

6. What time of the year would be required for your sport? .

7. Is there a regular time when you com­pete abroad and how many people do you send?

8. Do . you think it is possible to persuade Prov incial educational authorit ies to allow stud~nts time off for say three weeks of trolf')lng and enable them to catch up us­ing special classes on their return?

9. Do you feel we should suggest a pil ot Centre for the training of coaches onl y as the initial program?

10. It has been suggested that a pilot scheme f or both coaching and athletic training be tried first, ut i lizing three university facili­ties, one East, one West and one Central, for an approximate 6 week period in the Summer, either by directly subsidizing the univ.ersity or by assi st ing the university in .the dev elopment of its own facilities. Do you think this scheme would work?

11. It " has been suggested that the ultimate ideal for a National Sports Centre should include a first class school covering ap­prox imately the secondary school age. Thus we could develop the cream of our athletes to their best potential without into;>rfering with their education. What is your opinion?

NOW AVAILABLE JUDGES CORRESPONDENCE COURSE FOR

WOMEN'S GYMNASTICS The New Jersey A.A.U. Women's Gym­

nastic Committee have compiled a judges correspondence course covering all four women's events, floor exercise, balance beam, side horse vaulting and uneven bars. The course contains the latest rules and regulations and the latest, up to date penalties for errors, all under one cover, and explains how to judge. A test is included w ith answers, each sea led in a separate envelope, plus a scale for grading your own paper.

This course, an excellent supplement to practical judging, has been compiled for your. convenience since many women, who w ish to become qualified judges, may be t ied up with family obligations or other personal reasons, making it impos­sible for them to attend several outside judges sessions in order to qualify. The course also includes judging the begin­ners and intermediates in which area

. most- of us will be involved. After studying the course, you may

take. the test privately and at your con­venience, to see how you rate. When you feei' confident, get in touch with any of the :-members of the N.J . AAU Women's Gymnastic Committee (or committee in your '. own state) for information on quali­fying; to judge actual competitions.

T.his cou rse can also be of helpful use to the coaches and gymnasts since the latest ru les, regulations and penalties for errors are all under one cover. The cost is $3.00 plus 20 cents postage and hand­ling . Order from Helen Sjursen, 46 Poplar Place, Fanwood, N .J . 07023 (check, pay­able to Helen Sjursen, must accompany order). - - - - - - - - - ORDER BLANK- - - - - -_.

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9

EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSH I PS

The Seventh European Cup held in Tam­pere, Finland, was a great success, thanks to the efficiency and organization of the hosts. A large gym, the best apparatus, and an organized schedule combined to offer the athletes the required performance fa­cilities.

Voronine's well-earned win was due above all to the flawless' precision of his not-too­risky performance, whereas Lisitsky risked much more, but his work was lacking the master touch. Menichelli made slight progress although he was down on his luck in the finals. Due to a shoulder injury Cerar was still somewhat behind with his training schedule. As for the Kubica brothers from Poland, Nicholai was in better shap~ than his brother who so far has been more successful. The East German athletes, Brehme and Dietrich, were not quite able to repeat their top performance of Dortmund but did not at all disappoint . . The Norwegian, Storhaug was as steady in his work as ever while

Lisitsky

A17t~ ALL-AROUND THE WORLD

~

EUROPEA~ CHAMP IO~SH IPS FOR ME~ I ~ TAMPERE. FI~LA~D

Floor Side Still Long Parallel Horizontal Competitor Ex Horse Rings Horse Bars Bar

1. Voronine, USSR 9.50 9.80 9.75 9.55 9.70 9.70 2. Lis itsky, USSR 9. 15 9.45 9.65 9 .70 9.60 9.75 3 . Menichelli , Ita ly 9.60 9 .30 9.65 9.55 9 .60 9.55 4. Cerar , Yugoslavia 9.35 9 .50 9 .55 9.40 9.55 9.55 5. Kub ica, M., Po land 9.40 9 .40 9.50 9.35 9.40 9.35 6. Brehme, E. Germany 9.05 9.25 9.40 9 .25 9.55 9.20 7. Kubica, W., Pola nd 9.10 9.35 9.25 9.20 9.50 9.20 8. Storhaug , Norway 9.30 9.25 9.10 9 .35 9 .35 9.20 9. Carminucci, Ita ly 9.00 9.00 9.40 9. 15 9.60 9.35

10. Dietrich, E. Germa ny 9.05 9.40 9 .25 9 .30 9.05 9.40 11. Jonsson, Sweden 9.15 9.00 9.25 9.30 9.40 9.30 12. Guiffroy, France 9.00 9.40 9 .00 9 .00 9.35 9.30 13. Berchto ld, Switz. 8.80 8.80 9.10 9 .25 9 .25 8.85 14. La ine, Finla nd 9.55 7.50 9 .20 9 .10 9.35 9.25 15 . Kadar, Rumania 8.55 9.00 9 .10 9 .05 9.10 9.15 16. Kubicka, Czech. 9 .30 9 . 15 7.95 9 .20 9.20 9.10 17. Ada mov, Bu lgaria 8 .95 8.25 8.95 9 .35 9.15 9.20 18. Kissel, Yugoslavia 8 .95 8.45 9.05 9 .00 8 .90 9.20 19. Bischof, W. Germany 9 .1 5 8.30 9. 10 9.20 9.30 8.50 20. Bouchannet, France 8.85 9.10 8.45 9 .20 9.40 8 .40 2 1. La iha, Finland 9.25 9.35 9.20 8 .70 9.30 7.50 22. Roseng ren, Sweden 8 .85 9.00 9 .20 9.15 8.70 8 .25 23 . Belenguer, Spain 8.60 8 .80 9. 10 8.70 9. 10 8.75 24. Prodanov, Bulgaria 8.70 9 . 10 9. 15 9 .30 8.05 8.75 25 . Jaschek, W. Germany 8 .80 8.55 8.55 9.00 8.60 9.15 26. Gjerstad , No rway 8.75 8.80 8.75 8.85 8.95 8.15 27. Hurzeler , Switz. 8.75 7.75 9.05 8.75 8.20 9.20 28. Williams, England 8 .80 8.30 8.45 8.80 8.70 8 .25 29. Reithme ier, Austria 8 .60 8.60 8 .25 8.50 8.00 8 .90 30. Lorems, Spain 8.60 7.45 8.70 8.90 8.75 8.40 31. Stuchl ik, Austria 8 .65 7.35 8 .25 9.00 8.75 8.40 32. Trenholm, England 8.85 7.70 8.20 8 .70 8.75 7 .50 33. Adreu, Portugal 8.95 7.45 8.40 9 .. 00 8.45 7.35 34. Mihaiuc , Rumania 9.20 6 .00 8 .10 9. 15 8.80 8.30 35. Hybler, Denmark 8 .50 5.00 8.05 8.45 8.55 8 .05 36. Mihl, Belgium 7.85 7.00 8 .05' 8.70 7.45 6 .50 37. Reitzentha ler, Czech. 8.30 5.25 8.55 8.05

Total 58.00 57.30 57.25 56.90 56.40 55.70 55.60 55.55 55.50 55.45 55.40 55.05 54.05 53 .95 53 .95 53.90 53.85 53 .55 53.55 53.40 53.30 53 .15 53.05 53.05 52.65 52.25 51.70 51.30 50.85 50.80 50.40 49.70 49.60 49.55 46.60 45.55 30.15

Voronine

Finland's Laiho had bad luck once more. lack Guenthard's Swiss boys surprised all. Roumania presented a promising young talent, Mihailuc. The Czechs had a run of bad luck.

There became evident a trend to the effect of evaluating higher the faultless, technically· perfect exercise than one dis· playing daring and risk unless accompanied by perfect execution. Compared to the World Championships the judges were stricter, and Lhis wa due to still better technical knowledge. It paid to strive for perfect execution in preference to adding another "C" part.

The meticulous judging lengthened the proceedings too much. The FIG should endeavor to make the competition more attractive for the spectators who want life and activity. Praise is due the Finnish Federation, the International Gymnastic Federation, the gymnasts, the judges for their objectiveness, and the spectators for their readiness to reward any good per· formance with warm applause.

The report and photos on t hese pages are reprinted from the OL YM PISCHE TUR NK UNST maga­zine edited by Dr. Josef Gohler and pub li shed by W ilhelm Limpert-Verla g Gmb H, Frankfurt/ Ma in, Germa ny. Th is f ine Int ernationa l Gymnast ic magazine is pub lished bi-monthly (6 issues a year) with text in German, French and Eng lish. USA subscript ion rate, $5.50 per year. Contains e xcel­lent phot os, off icia l FIG reports along with tech n icol sk il l diagra ms in each edit ion. (Wat ch fo r a nnouncement of specia l subscription offer to OLYMP ISC HE TURNK UNST fo r MG readers . .. soon.)

EVENT WINNERS Prel im Pre lim

Floor Exercise Score Finals Total Long Horse Score Finals Total 1. Laine, Finland 9 .55 9.60 19.15 1. Lisitsky, USSR .9 .70 9.50 19.20 2. Me nichell i; It a ly 9.60 9.50 19 .10 2. Adamov, Bulgar ia 9.35 9.425 18 .775 3 . Kub ica , M., Pol. 9 .40 9.40 18 .80 3. Dietrich, E. Ge r. 9.30 8.875 18. 175 4 . Storhaug , Nor. 9 .30 9.40 18.70 4 . Storhaug , Norway 9 .35 8.80 1815 5 . Lai ho, Fi n la nd 9.25 9.20 18 .45 5. Kubica , M., Pol. 9.35 8.75 18. 10 5. Kub icka, Czech. 9 .30 9.15 18.45 6. Menichelii , Ita ly 9.55 8.50 18.05 Side Horse Parallel Bars 1. Voronine, USSR 9.80 9.75 19.55 1. Voronine, USSR 9 .70 9.70 19.40 2. Cerar, Yugo. 9.50 9.70 19.20 2. Meniche li i, Ita ly 9.60 9.70 19.30 3 . Dietrich, E. Ge r. 9.40 9.50 18 .90 3 . Carm inucci, Ita ly 9 .60 9.60 19.20 4 . Guiffroy, France 9 .40 9.35 18.75 4 . Lisitsky, USSR 9.60 9.55 19.1 5 5. Kubica , M., Pol. 9.40 9.25 18 .65 5. Brehme, E. Ger. 9.55 9.45 19.00 6. Lis itsky, USSR 9.45 8.85 18.30 5. Cera r, Yugoslavia 9 .55 9.45 19.00 Still Rings Horizontal Bar 1. Voron ine, USSR 9 .75 9.65 19 .40 1. Lisitsky, USSR 9.75 9.70 19.45 2. Lis itsky, USSR 9 .6 5 9.75 19.40 2. Voronine, USSR 9 .70 9.70 19.40 3 . Kubica, M., Pol. 9.50 9.60 19.10 3 . Cerar, Yugoslav ia 9.55 9 .60 19.15 4 . Ce rar, Yugo. 9.55 9.45 19.00 3. Menichell i, Ital y 9.55 9 .60 19. 15 5. Brehme, E. Ge r. 9.40 9.25 18 .65 5. Dietrich, E. Ger. 9.40 9.40 18.80 6. Menicheli i, Ita ly 9.65 8.7~ 18.40 5 . Kubica , M., Po l. 9.35 9.45 18.80

1967 USGF CHAMPIONSHIPS

United States Gymnastic Federation Nation~1

ChampionsMps

The Fifth U.S.G.F_ National Champion­ships were held in two phases during the month of April. First, the University of Arizona hosted the All-around champion­ships in Tucson, Arizona April 13-15, while two weeks later, the Individual Champion-

ships were conducted at the Uni ersily of Iowa. Both sessions held trampoline com-petitions. ,

Eleven all-around men competed at Tuc­son_ Katsutoshi Kanzaki of Northeast Louisi­ana won top honors and in the final event championships notched victories in floor exercise, high bar, and parallel ,ars_ His high bar routine was the highliglh of the meet with a 9_8 score_ Other winders were Paul Mayer (SH), Fred Dennis R ), and lack Kenan (LH ). Of the twelve trampo-

linists at Tucson, Dale Hardt (SIU) came out on top.

Final standings in the Tucson competi· tion were as follows :

AA: Katsutoshi Kanzaki (NE La) r08 .85, Bob Dickson (Iowa) 107.25, Rick Tucker (SIU) 106.85, Fred Dennis (SIU) 106.05, Jack Kenan (Ariz) 104.40, Neil Schmitt (103 .80 ). FX: Kan­zaki 18.45, Jeff Bennon (Ariz) 18.30, Tucker 18.25. SH: Paul Mayer (SIU) 18.025, Kanzaki 17.975, Bennon 17.375. Tr: Dale Hardt (SIU) 19.40, Julian Stovall (Ariz) 18 .175, Steve Chap-

pie (III) 17 .85. HB: Kanzaki 19.125, Schmitt 18 .80, Dennis 18.525. LH: Kenan 18.375, May­er 18.1125, Jim Howard (LaCrosse) 18.10. PB: Kanzaki 18.90, Kenan 18.65, Tu.cker 18 .175. R: Dennis 19.075, Dickson 18.80, Kanzaki 18.70.

In the Individual Event Championships held the last weekend in April at the Uni­versity of Iowa, the following specialists earned top honors:

FX: Ron Aure (MSU), Chuck England (I owa),

Paul Omi (Iowa), SH: Dave Doty (Ariz), Keith M cCanless (Iowa), Jack Ryan (Colo) . HB : Jerry Fontana (I SU), Neil Schitt (I owa) and Rick Tucker (SIU) tie . LH : Sid Jensen (Mich)( Eng­land, Rich Scorza ( Iowa). PB: Tom Go dsbor­ough (Iowa), Ron Rapper (Mich), Fontana. R: Don Hatch (Iowa) , Fontana, Tucker.

U.S.G.F. Trampoline Champion, Dale Hardt defended his Tucson title successfully by coming out on top in a double elimin­ation challenge match. In second place was Homer Sardina (lSU ) and .in third Mike Zepeda (Iowa).

13

MAY 4·6, 1967 NATCHITOCHES, LOUISIANA

by Jerry Wright With record entries in both men's and

women's divisions, the 1967 National AAU Championships got off to a enthusiastic start Thursday morning at 9 a.m. with those gymnasts entered in the AAU na· tional championships going through the Olympic compulsory routines. The follow· ing day those gymnasts competing in the National AAU meet were joined by those choosing to compete only in the Pan Ameri· can trials, and both groups went through their optional routines. At stake here, too, was the possibility of being selected to compete in Tokyo in the World University (Student) Championships. The top three in the optional competition were to be sel· ected for this honor. Saturday evening, be· fore ABC·TV's Wide World of Sports and before some 3,000 spectators, the finals were conducted in all the men's events ex· cept tumbling and vaulting. .

The tumbling and vaulting finals were held Friday evening with the following reo suits: The vaulting event brought about the only real questionable judging incident of the entire meet in that Sei Ito performed vaults that were definitely over·scored, due primarily to the seating arrangement of the judges (especially the very undesir· able position which the rules stipulate for the superior judge-facing the vaulter head·on.) The vaulting was also marred by the fact that the vaulters did not know until the last minute that they would be required to perform 4 vaults. It was felt that Makoto Sakamoto should have won the event in spite of these obstacles.

In the tumbling event, the spectators were treated to some of the finest tumbling this meet has ever sponsored. Ron Aure missed his front series but followed this with three very clean routines including a double back with no spotter. Tom Proulx of Pasadena City College was up third and was sensational with RO·FF·B·FF·double back, also with no spotter and ended with front step out·RO·FF·back withlh twist·RO· FF·B to immediate front. He was followed by David Bedard who did RO·FF·B·FF·B· FF·double back again with no spotter, but he spoiled it all with about the worst full twists this observer has ever seen.

The following night's competition was started with floor exercise and Kanati AI· len, who performed well except for his third sequence of a cartwheel which not only failed to add anything but ruined the entire routine. Roethlisberger was next and looked weak next to Allen except for a strong cartwheel·side somersault series and a strong finish. Richard Lloyd, a fellow really worth watching, was good but had many faults, necessitating a judge's conference. Ito had a very weak finish following an indifferent routine. Makoto scored 9.55 on an excellent routine that had a real fast press. Hayasaki scored a somewhat ques· tionable 9.6 on a routine that had both good and bad parts.

On the still rings Amerine was excellent but for some reason did not receive a high score. Lynn was weak on everything. Gar· cia looked good with a great giant but weakcned considerably at the finish. Saka· moto looked great but was a little short on his shoot to handstand. Ito was perfect for a 9.7 and received a standirtg ovation for the hometown audience when he went to the awards stand. Hayasaki missed much of his routine including a high cross and failure to hold an attempted planche.

On the parallel bars Lynn started with a good routine except for a .3 form break on a simple forward pirouette. Hayasaki was clean aside from trouble with his

14

Yoshi Hayasaki Arna Lascari

peach-hand mounL Amerine's forte was a perfect one-arm handstand_ Roethlisberger had only one "c" and scored 9.2 on a 9.8 routine. Lascari missed his peach-hand mount and blew a back-over-bar. Tonry did not do anything well and missed his second "c" by not stopping in his one-arm at­tempt. Allen suffered a major break on a cast support to pirouette.

The final trampoline competition was beautiful with no major breaks and almost no minor breaks among 6 contestants. Mil­ler showed an excellent open-piked barani out mount; Youngue performed an excel­lent double twisting cody as did Dave Jacobs who even piked down out of his.

On the side horse there were three major breaks out of 6 routines. Hayaski led off with a fine routine which suffered major deductions only on his break into scissors. Richard Lloyd followed with an even better routine which suffered the same deductions for lack of harmony in breaking into scis­sors. James Yearwood, a college freshman, suffered all the way through his routine and ended 'with only one "C". Lascari was excellent with high clean work for a 9.4. Kanati Allen suffered all sorts of breaks and even " had the gross error of doing a feint to regain composure. Makoto followed with a 7.4 score that should just about ex­plain itself:

The final event of the evening was the horizontal bar, and a fine display it was. Lascari performed welf and finished with his patented delayed barani. Ito suffered a .2-.3 break on a risky % giant hop change. Hayasaki suffered . what was his only major break of the entire meet in this event. Makoti>, suspected 'of not having enough difficulty by one judge, apparently fulfilled all the requirements on an other­wise excellent routine. Kanati Allen was up last and rushed a little through an ex­citing routine that ended with a piked fly-away with full twist which was over­turned.

As a result of the first Pan American Games Trials for the selection of the United States Team, the following qualifiers advanced to the finals. In addition to these men several others have been given per­mission to compete in the final trails due to missing the preliminary trials.

Marc Cohn 106.90, Arno Lascari 106.60, Bob Lynn 105.70, Dave Thor 105.55, James Amerine 105.20, James Culhane 105.05, Sid Freudenstein 104.95, Abe Grossfeld 102.90, Rich Grigsby 101.50, Barry Weiner 100.95, Gary Diamond 98.85, Dan Garcia 98.20, Jack' Kenart 96.25, Joe Fedorchek 96.20, Steve Hug 95.80.

The following student athletes w'ere sel­ected to represented the United States in Tokyo this summer in the Student Games : Makoto Sakamoto (USC), Kanati Allen (UCLA) , Sid Freudenstein (Cal), Arno Lascari (U. Wise.), as alternate: Dave Thor (MSU), and Coach: Ron Barak (USC) .

AAU photos courtesy of Fred Mortines

AAU National Championships-Men's placings Team Standings: Northwestern Louisiana

State 32.25, Univ. Southwestern Louisiana 16.50, New York Athletic Club 10.50, L. A. Turners 5.10, Pasadena City College 4 .5 .

AA: Yoshi Hayasaki (Seattle Y) 110.10, Ma­koto Sakamoto (USC) 109.80, Arno Lascari (Unatt) 108.49, Fred Roethlksberger (Mil. Turn .) 108.40, Sei Ito (NW La) 107.45, Kanati Allen (UCLA) 107.25. FX: Sakamoto 18.950, Haya­saki 18.925, Ito 18.775. SH: Lascari 18.575, Richard Lloyd (NW La) 18.00, Hayasaki 17:750. HB: Sakamoto 19.025, Roethli sberger 18.30, Ifo 18.275. LH: Ito 18 .825, Sakamoto 18.800, Jim Amerine (NYAC) 18.550. PB: Hayasaki 18.475, Lascari 18.450, Don Tonry (NYAC) 18.425. R: Ito 19.400, Sakamota 19.045 , Haya­saki 18.975. Tr: Dave Jacobs (Unatt) 19.375, Jim Youngue (USL) 19.225, Wayne Miller (USL) 19.00. T: Tom Praul x (PCC) 17 .25, Odess Lavin (MAV) 17.00, David Bedard (NW La) 17.00.

15

I AAU

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GYMNASTIC CHAMPIONSHIPS 5 XOH'l'IIWES'I'EHN STATE COJJ,J:(i/; 6

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1967 WOMEN'S AAU CHAMPIONSHIPS Team standings: Southern Illinois University

29.5, Centenary College 14.0. .AA: Carolyn Hacker (So Conn) 71.733, Linda

Metheny (Mc Kinley Y) 71.501, Joyce Tanac (Seattle Y) 70.334, Kathy Gleason (Buff. Turn .) 70.003, Susan McDonnell (Cen) 67.801, Donna Schaenzer (SIU) 67.300, Jaanne Hashimoto 67.299 , Janie Speaks (Cen) 67.233 , Debbie Bailey (Unatt) 65 .901, Marie Walther (Unatt)

64.766. FX: Metheny 18.5502, K. Love ly (Cen) 18.20, Tanac 18.0665. SHY: Hacker 17.934, Judy Wi lls (SIU) 17.930, Gleason 17.897. BB: Hac ker 18.234, Metheny 18.067, Gleason 18.050. UPB : Metheny 18 .80, Hacker 18 .601, Gleason 18 .367. Tr: Wills 27.95, Nancy Smith (SIU ) 26.40, Vicki Boll inger (Cen) 26.35 . T: Wil ls 9.05 , Schaenzer 7.95, Wendy Cluff (SCATs) 7.50.

WOMEN 'S COLLEGIATE CHAMPIONSHIPS April 7-8 , 1967

Southe rn Illinois University Class A-Championship Divis ion

Team : Southern Illinois Univer­s ity, Centenary College o f Louisi­ana, University of New Mexico, Kent State University, H igh l ine College, (tie) University o f Wash­ington and University of Massa­chusetts.

AA: Donna Schaenzer (S IU ) 35.95, Sue McDonnell (Cent.) 34.45, Linda Metheny (U. of 111.) 34.70, Janie Speaks (Cent.) 34.45, Joanne Hashimoto (S IU) 33.60, Karen live­ly (Cent.) 33.60. V : Janie Speaks and Judy Wells (SIU) 9.3 (t ie). Lindo Metheny, Sue McDonnell , Donna Schoenzer , Koren Live ly. Beam : Linda Metheny 9.10, Sue McDonnell, Gail Ooley (SIU) and

I Janie Speaks (tie). Mary Toth (SIU), Janis Dunham (SIU). Bars: Sue Mc­Donnell 9.250, Donna Schoenzer I Gail Daley, Joann Hashimoto, Janis Dunham, Mari Woolner (Cent.) . FX : Janie Speaks 9.25, Linda

~~~~e1~th~oJ~nanL~ve~";;Sh~~~t~ali-~; Judy Wi lls 9.0, Nancy Smith (S IU). Sue Rogers (S IU). Tu : Judy Wills 9.55, Janie .Speaks, Sue Rogers .

82nd ANNIVERSARY CONV. OF AAHPER -

A Search for Concepts A convention is many things. Depending

on your personal motivation, it is a place to see old friends, a chance to go out for a quiet meal away from the kids, an oppor­tunity to discuss and listen, an attempt to sell a book (and hopefully a magazine ) and the occasion for gaining insights to power­ful ideas which seem significant in the days that follow.

The Las Vegas Convention of the Ameri­can Association for Health, Physical Edu­cation and Recreation (March 10-14) might have been any of the above but its import­ance and its meaning revolved around its theme, " Education is Our Business". It is logical to ask, therefore, " What is the busi­ness of education? " Some of the sessions seemed to be aimed directly at this ques­tion.

It is not possible for one person to listen to all of the excellent presentations at a large notional convention but one can come away with general impressions about its total worth. Two of the impressions I had of Las Vegas were intertwined with the subjects of movement and learning.

Physical educators are discuss ing and doing things about "movement". There are diverse views on the meaning of movement. Men in the profession have not warmed up completely to the ideas behind the goals of the " movement people". Many of them pass it off as a new branch of the dance tree. Others are interested but because the ladies give them so much to chew on, at times there is confusion. To those of us in gymnastics, however, the new emphasis on movement should be watched closely. Programs built around the movement theme closely parallel gymnastic programs and it is likely that more emphasis will be given to movement in the future. Elementary sec­tion meetings at the Convention emphasized movement and we have seen this subj ect included on the programs of all of the AAHPER District Conventions as well. Let us hope that physical educators will not become stymied by the semantics of move­ment as they seemed to be during the "fit­ness boom" when they asked such ques­tions as, "Fitness for what?" and "What kind of fitness ?"

My second great impression of the Con­vention was the emphasis given to learning and its nature. There seems to be emerging in education a genuine,- scientific search to learn the meaning of learning. " Basic C~mcepts of T eaching" was a presentation that I'm sure shed some light on new ideas about learning, subject matter and curri­culum. The speaker, Dr. Asahel D. Wood­ruff, Dean of Education of the University oi Utah, had much to say. My impressions of his paper, fortified by my opportunity to .listen to his speech several times on tape, are recorded below. Dr. Woodruff had been involved in - a home economics project. He drew his examples and refer­ences to prac tical applications of theory from that area. For our purposes I have substituted what I believe are parallel examples from the field of gymnastics.

20

by A. BRUCE FREDER ICK WISCONSIN STATE UN IV.

DEPT. OF P.E. & ATHLETICS SUPERIOR, W ISe. 5488 1

Basically, I have substituted the forward roll for the preparation of chicken cro­quettes. BASIC CONCEPTS OF TEACHING

Educators seem to be moving away from impressionistic to scientific theories of learning. It should be recognized that this does not always include the many inno-

vative ideas and tools that have very recently been developed in conjunction with Fed­eral grants in education. Educational tele­vision and programmed instruction for example are innovative but they are ad­junctive to the kinds of new knowledge referred to by Dr. Woodruff.

Eras of impressionism are well known in the history of physical education in the United States. We are currently emerging from the "fitness" boom. We could easily fall victim to thoughtless programs quickly devised to accommodate the "movement" theme. We should attempt, says Dr. Wood­ruff, to absorb some of the new knowledge offered by the foundation fields of philoso­phy, psychology and anthropology. It is now possible to use these relatively recent findings to evolve a meaningful educational program.

Some of the business of the educator must involve changes in the behavior of students. It is difficult, perhaps impossible, to prove that a student has developed a habit, an attitude or indeed ideas (con­cepts) due to our efforts. We can only

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speculate about such intangibles. On the other hand we can see the development of behaviors which are changed or shaped by directed experiences in the classroom or gymnasium. Dr. Woodruff suggests that we attempt to define behavioral objectives for our programs. What do we expect a student to be able to do as a result of our teach· ing? Using our gymnastic example ... "Do we develop an appreciation for gym­nastics in our students or do we teach a forward roll?" Perhaps we do both but we can only prove the existence of one. THE HUMAN COMPUTER

Dr. Woodruff compared the learner to a cybernetic system ... a human computer. Assuming we have a number of untrained subjects, how is the cycle of cybernetics affected by the teaching of a forward roll?

The sensors (eyes, ears, proprioceptors) receive signals or stimuli which we shall refer to as imput. The subject sees a for· ward roll or feels it partially by simply rolling to and fro on the back. This imput is stored and organized in the nervous sys­tcm. He now has a percept ("feeling about") of the forward roll. He might store it with information like the function of wheels and tires or the time he doubled up (tucked) with the pain of appendicitis. This organized imput (storage) may then be used to make decisions about a forward roll. If it is associated with pain, he may balk. If his rolling movement has been crooked, he may make an adjustive move· ment referred to as output. He may per· ceive that he is crooked or it may be pointed out to him by the teacher or some other student. If his roll is corrected or shaped, his proporioceptors will pick up new imput or feedback which is the feel· ing of straight rolling. Such feedback is then stored in his nervous system. Thus he has reinforced his percept of the forward roll. He has shaped or changed his be· havior with respect to this relatively simple act of doing.

"Our job as teachers," says Woodruff, "is to be concerned with that which is stored." We can help the student shape and discover by stimulating new imput thus helping to develop changes in behavior. Storage of the imput about a forward roll can occur in four ways according to Dr. Woodruff. Two of the important ways in­formation and other imput can be stored have to do with (1) conditioned instru­mental acts and (2) concepts. CONDITIONED INSTRUMENTAL ACTS AND CONCEPTS

Conditioned instrumental acts and con· cepts are continuously interacting along a continuum 6r scale ranging from low vari­ability to high variability. The other two variables (symbolic signs and sounds and data or factual material) are subordinate to these.

Concepts such as those associated with religions are highly variable. Conditioned instrumental acts are low in variability. The way we pray for example might be a conditioned instrumental act which is a small portion of the contribution to our concept of religion. We would classify the tucked forward roll as a conditioned instru· mental acts which falls within our concept structure for gymnastics. The gymnastic concepts an individual forms are developed by specific behaviors and many, carefully selected conditioned instrumental act s which make up the total imput or storage for this area.

Naomi , Allenbaugh of the Ohio State University has suggested the existence of four general concepts of movement which we might examine at this point. If valid, they should be representative of great variability from which we might plan for

specific conditioned instrumental acts reo sulting in measurable behaviors. We will once again use the forward roll to refine the thoughts involved. "MAN MOVES TO SURVIVE."

Our subject could possibly relate the forward roll to situations of personal dan­ger when his body fall s out of control. With proper training in falling he is able to demonstrate various rolling techniques to offset the dangers. The forward roll is merely one of these. Several years ago I suggested to a group of first graders that they roll in as many ways as possible. With pencil in hand I jotted down at least twenty-five different kinds of rolling. I learned that many of the children already had related rolling to ways they might fall down. "MAN MOVES TO DISCOVER AND UNDERSTAND HIS ENVIRONMENT."

Our subject will quickly discover if he can or cannot perform the forward roll. Whether successful or not, the attempt to perform in a variety of ways gives our sub­ject additional information about his self­image. He emerges with a deeper percep­tion of himself. He should begin to under­stand that people are not born as physical equals. Some will learn to roll very easily; others will not. The attempt at many dif­ferent gymnastic movements will further reinforce the concept 06 capability in per­sonal performance as well as the variability in the performance of others. Since gym­nastics offers such great variety in move­ment it may be thought to contribute a great deal to the ultimate development of this concept as compared with other activi­ties with more limited skills. "MAN MOVES TO CONTROL AND ADJUST TO HIS ENVIRONMENT."

"As the center of gravity passes the for­ward edge of the base the force of gravity is added to the force produced by the legs and the body is pulled downward. (A lever with a constantly changing fulcrum-at various points along the spinal cord-is activated.) Since the body is well rounded it rolls forward. As long as it is kept rounded, friction is the only force acting to slow its momentum. Grasping the lower legs is one method of resisting the tendency of centrifugal force to extend the body. (The writer does not mention the ef­fect of centripital force.) When the performer has rolled to the point where the feet are on the mat, extension of the body, which greatly lengthens the radius of rotation, slows the rotary vel­ocity, making it possible to stop the center of gravity above the feet and thus regain a standing position."

Marion Broer -Efficiency of Human Movement Saunders 1961 p. 298

Certainly all of the physical principles referred to above are environmental condi­tions with which the learner can become acquainted with. If the forward roll our subject performs contributes to the concept of environment in the form of meaningful behavioral imput, he may be able to draw upon the knowledge later on in his physics class when he is involved with understand­ing the three classes of levers. I do not mean to imply here that we begin teaching physics in the elementary school but I suggest that there is seldom if ever an at­tempt to clarify some of these principles to young children as they perform relatively simple movements. The question, "What makes you roll faster?", can be solved by first graders who discover for themselves the relative velocities of a roll in the piked and tucked positions. Otherwise treated, the

forward roll can be taught as a simple mechanical act with no more value than is fre9uent.l.r i,!!plied b~ our critics in the various true academic areas such as Eng­lish and History.

"MAN MOVES TO COMMUNICATE." If our subject performs a forward roll

smoothly, with grace and rhythm or per­haps with an emphasis on strength (press to handstand with slow roll-out to deep pike), such stylish interpretations of a for­ward roll can be communicated to observers who may perceive these qualities without being aware or concerned with the move­ment per se. The reaction of the performer to the observation of others (a judge, a teacher or a friend) gives his some basis to assess his own performance.

Before we get swallowed up by all of this I should mention that one of the panel of reactors to Dr. Woodruff's remarks ex­pressed some degree of embarassment that the bulk of our work in physical education is the teaching of movements which may be generally classified as conditioned instru­mental acts. Responding, Woodruff calls our attention to the fact that concepts are formed by the storage, evaluation and abil­ity to choose from many combinations of conditioned instrumental acts. It follows logically that if we do our work well, the chances for conceptualization (utilizing ideas for decision making where variability is high) are better than if such simple acts were not experienced by the learner. The intimate relationship of mind and body in the developing child dictates that body movements (even our seemingly insignifi­cant forward roll) will contribute to con­ceptual development.

I suppose we can be content with simply teaching forward rolls. It's much simpler that way. But it is healthy to think once in awhile about the impact of one's work. The variety we offer through gymnastics is something which we can also reflect upon as a real educational contribution.

In the next issue, I will continue with the discussion of Dr. Woodruff's speech. Specifically we will have an opportunity to refl ect on his development of an idea for planning instructional units aimed at changing behavior. As a preview to this discussion think about the following quote,

"There are four kinds of behavior which are common to all fields of learning:

1. Identifying things. 2. Carrying out difficult patterns of

doing. 3. Performing small operations with or

without instruments or equipment. 4. Making decisions abou t something

and executing the decisions." A. D. Woodruff-AAHPER Convention

Las Vegas 1967

21

,

~ RESEARCH AND FITNESS IN GYMNASTICS

by James S. Bosco, Ph.D. San Jose State College

THE USE OF INSTANT ICE FOR PREVE NTION OF BLISTERS ON

THE HANDS J oe Brown and Bernard Johnson

The Journal of The Association For Physical and Mental Rehabilitation

July·August, 1%6 Purpose

The purpose of this study was to deter­mine, under experimental conditions, the effeeti veness of a blister prevention method using instan t ice ( to assure a constant tem­pera ture and to increase the rate of cool­ing) fo r cooling hot-spots on the hands of subj ects performing kip ups on the high bar for a total of five minutes. Subjects

The subj ects for this study were eight male students at the University of Kentucky. Me thodology

The eight students were randomly divided into two groups of four each. One group was designated as the experimental group and the other was designated as the control grou p. Both groups performed on the same day and under the same external conditions. The experimental condition was the appli­cation of instant ice to the hands of the experimental subjects before and after their kip ups and on any hot-spots developed dur­ing the experimental subj ect's performance.

Each subject in both the experimental and control groups did kip ups for one minute, and after a one· minute's rest, the subj ect repeated kip ups until he had been involved for a total of five minutes. The number of hot-spots, absence or presence of blisters, time dropped out of action, and number of kip ups done within the five minute limit were r ecorded for each subject of the experimental and control groups.

The subj ects in the control group per­formed kip ups until blisters formed or un til their hands became so uncomfortable they could not continue. At this time, the subj ect's number of kip ups and the amount of participation time were recorded.

Those subj ects in the experimental group reporting hot-spots wi thin a one minute trial were immediately sprayed with instant ice until the stinging sensation subsided, and then they r eturned to performance of kip ups.

22

Hypotheses It was first hypothesized (HI ) that there

would be no significant difference between the number of hot-spots observed in the experimental group compared to the num­ber of spots observed in the control group. Secondly, it was hypothesized (H2 ) that there would be significantly fewer blisters in the experimental group as compared with the number of blisters in the control group. Thirdly, it was hypothesized (H3) that the number of kip ups done within a specified time period could be increased by the ap­plication of instant ice on the hands of the exercising subject. Fourthly, it was hy­pothesized (H4) that the length of per-­formance time be significantly increased with the use of instant ice for the pre­ven tion of blisters. R esults

The four hypotheses were tested by means of the Yate's correction for the chi-square test of independence in a two by two contingency table at the five percent level of significance.

Table I clearly indicates strong support of HI by showing no significant difference between the number of hot-spots observed in the experimental and control groups.

TABLE I COM PARISON OF NUMBER OF

HOT-SPOTS IN THE EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS

Experimental Control Totals

X'·=.020S

No. Hot-Spots 13 14 27 df = 1

Hot-Spots 7 9

16

Totals 20 23 43

PX'= .OS

Table II presents the r esults of the experi­mental application of instant ice to hot­spots developed by subjects in the experi­mental group as compared to the absence of instant ice application to subject in the control group. The results in Table II sup­port H2 because none of the 13 hot-spots reported in the experimental group develop­ed into blisters while 12 blisters developed from 14 hot-spots reported in the control group. These data indicate a high positive relationship between instant ice application and the absence of blisters.

TABLE II COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AN D CONTROL GROUPS ON THE BASIS OF BLISTERS DEVELOPED

AFTER HOT-SPOTS

Experiental (instant ice) Control (no instant ice)

X'= 11 .04 df = 1 c

Hot-Spots 14 14

Blisters o

12

PX'=.OI

T able III presents the results of experi­mental and control groups on the basis of the number of blisters and the number of kip ups which subj ects were able to do during their fi ve minutes of exercise. The results in Table III support H3 because its data indicates a high positive r elation­ship between prevention of blisters with instant ice applications and the ability of the experimental group to perform more kip ups than the control group.

TABLE III COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF BLISTERS

AND NUMBER OF KIP UPS

Experimental Control

X'= 12.7

c

df=1

Blisters o

12

Kip Ups 137 122

PX' =.OI

Table IV presents the results of experi­mental and control groups on the basis of blisters and length of . performance time. These data in Table IV support H4 since they indicate a high positive relationship between prevention of blisters with instant ice applications and the ability of the ex­perimental group to do more kip ups than the control group.

TABLE IV COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF BLISTERS AN D LENGTH OF PERFORMANCE

Experimental Control

X'= II.4

Conclusion

TIME

Blisters o

12 df=1

Performance Time

20 minutes 17 minutes

PX' =.OI

On the basis of the data presented in this paper, it was concluded that the ap­plication of instant ice to the hands of gymnasts is of significant value in prevent­ing the .development of blisters, improving the number of kip ups and increasing the length of performance. Implications

The implications for utilizing the findings reported in this study are worth noting. When a potential blister (hot-spot ) is pre­vented, it allows increased teaching time for the instructor and increased learning time and practice time for the student. This additional time devoted to instruction learning and practice provides an opportun­ity for the improvement of competence in gymnastic skill s and ability. Significantly, by application of instant ice to prevent blister format ion, the danger resulting from a ruptured blister is eliminated.

LET'S TEACH ROUTINES -FLOOR EXERCISE by Dr. Bill Vincent

Gymnastics Coach San Fernando Valley State College

Note: This is the first in a series of arti­cles encouragin g teachers in the secondary schools to rearrange their gymnastics pro­grams from a pattern of teaching unrelated skills to one of teaching skills designed to fit together into a simple routine.

Many times, teachers in the secondary schools organize their gymnastics programs around several unrela ted skills on the vari­ous events. Perhaps these moves are chosen because they are the only ones that the instructor can perform, or perhaps they are chosen at random from some reference book. This method of curriculum develop­ment is no t conducive to the type of exer­cises that should be included in a good gymnastics program. The ideal curriculum requires the student to exhib it an exercise consisting of a series of moves combined together to produce a smooth flowin g rou­tine. The value of the exercise is based not only on the difficulty of the individual skills, but on the manner in which they are combined to produce the most effective overall appearance. Apparently most teach­ers are not aware of this objective, or they feel that their time in gymnastics is not sufficient to develop th is degree of com­petence in their students.

There appears to be a trend in this direction in some of th e newest books in the field, and the reader is referred specifi­cally to Gymn.astics for Men by Dr. Eric Hughes, published by Ronald Press. The present series of articles is designed to suggest some skills that can be taught on the secondary level and quickly mastered, which may then be incorporated into a simple routine.

Since most schools already include basic tumbling in their curriculum, it is sug­gested that this event be modified to in­clude some additional skills that are more commonly seen in floor exercise routines. The skills are on the elementary level, and most of them are probably already included in the typical program. It is not the, pur­pose of this article to describe methods of

teaching these skills, rather the method of combin ing them into a simple routine. In a period of about fi ve days, a well organ­ized teacher can develop his class to the point where they can perform all of the suggested moves to some degree, at least well enough to perform them in sequence for a grade. Obviously, there will be those who master them faster and to a greater degree of proficiency than others, and will thus be able to complete the routine with better form and control. These students should be allowed to alter the routine to include more difficult moves as is suggested later in this article. This is one of the facto rs that should determine the basis for a grade in the unit.

Aside from additional "quizzes" which may be given on individual skills or strength tests, the maj or portion of the grade should be determined by the ability of the student to perform the entire rou­tine. The routine may be judged by the teacher, but it has been shown in several outstanding programs th at the students themselves can serve as the panel of judges on grading nay, and the ir scores may be used as the routine grade_ The teacher who uses this gradinp- approach will be satis­fying another objective of the physical edu­cation program, that of developing within the student an appreciation of the sport from the spectator point of view, and the ability to evaluate performance. The wise teacher will plan for this obj ective, and will include in his daily classes some dis­cussion of the techniques of judging, speci­fic points to look for in evaluation of the particular routine involved, and practice in judging before the grading day. He will also reserve the right to insert his own score which mayor may not be weighted higher than the composite student score.

After conducting whatever introductory moves such as log rolls, forward and back­ward somersaults, etc. , as the instructor thinks necessary, the following skill s should be taught:

a. Jump straddle - jump with knees straight, legs extended forward and later­ally, touch toes, and return to stand.

b. Cartwheel-student should be able to perform this skill in either direction, right or left.

c. Leg circles-from a squat position with one leg extended to the side, rotate the extended leg under both hands while shifting the weight to the support foot, then under the leg while shi ftin g weight to the hands, return to startin g posit ion. Keep the knee straight on the circling leg.

d. Forward roll straddle- after masterin g the forward roll , the student performs the skill with legs straddled and knees straigh t, placing his hands on the mat between h is legs and near the crotch and keeping h is head down and forward to push to a strarl· dIe stand_

e. Head stand- utilize the triangular base of support.

Adding two or more skills each day. and performing them in sequence down a length of three or four mats la id end to end as they are mastered, the student builds to the routine listed below:

1. From side stand on mat straddle jump, touch toes. 2. Cartwheel left, fall forward to push-u p posit ion. 3. Bringin g left leg to squat position, and right l eg sideways, ci rcle right leg counter clockwise under hands and lef t leg (right leg circle count er clockwise) , return to push-up posi­tion. 4. Forward roll straddle. 5. P ress to head stand. 6. Roll forward from head stand with bent knees and stand up, lift right leg forward. 7. Cartwheel r ight to side stand. Note: This routine may be re­versed in any section or in its entirety.

The above routine may be made easier by substituting a bent knee fo rward roll for the straddle roll, a k ick to head stand, or a frog (knees on elbows) stand fo r t he press to head stand, and eliminati ng the cartwheel left as the dismount. I t may be made more difficult by placing a neck spring (mat k ip) after the straddle r oll and before the head stand , by r equiring two leg circles instead of one, and by sub­sti tuting a r un to forward hand spring for the cartwheel as a dismount.

Simple routines such as the one described above can be composed for all of the other events. Watch this column for future sug­gestions on side horse, parallel bars, hori­zontal bar, rings, and tram poline_

;

Some Spottiii'g Techniques For Parallel Bars by Arlynn Anderson

Gymnizstics Coach, St. Cloud State College St. Cloud, Minnesota

SPOTTING The Reverse Stutz

This is probably one of the easiest tricks to spot effectively. As the gymnast reaches the top of the swing, the spotter places his arms under the legs and slows the gyinnast up to give him time to get his other hand on the bar, before starting the down swing. Pirouette

For those who are having trouble with the ,pirouette, sometimes by pushing the parallels next to the wall and working the turn against the wall gives the gymnast a feel for the trick. It would also eliminate the fear element. The Back Over Bar on the Parallel Bars

This method of spotting is used success­fully by many coaches. There are many advantages of spotting in this manner.

1. Several gymnasts can be taught in a short time.

2. It is safe and would give confidence to the gymnast trying it without spot­ting sooner.

The hands are placed by the spotters as indicated in diagram #1. When the gym­nast lets go of the bar he is lifted by the spotters, illustrated in diagram #2. The spotters also aid the gymnast in placing his hands back on the rails so that he can lower himself to the support position. The gymnast should never bend the arms when trying this trick but should beat hard at the bottom to get the needed height.

Flexibility in the shoulder is also very important. Having enough flexibility allows the gymnast to hang on to the rails longer before the release. This makes for a shorter flight period and better control. The Moore on P-Bars

I first saw this technique from George Syzpula froni Michigan State. It has proven helpful for my gymnasts especially after the gymnast has worked the trick for awhile and has trouble keeping ,the hips and legs up.

The spotter can stand either facing the gymnast or with his back to the performer as illustrated. The spotter gets hold of the ,\Inkles as he starts to clear the bar on ihe :way up the walks around with the per­foriller and lowers him between the bars. It's a good idea to have another stand in to spot the gymnast in case he is leaning over too far-to keep gymnast from hitting bar.

If the spotter stands on a vaulting box or horse, he cill) ' spot more effectively be­cause of the additional height.

Moore

24

HAND SPOTTING The front somersault dismount on p-bars. The trampoline has once again proved

to be very important for learning new tricks safely.

The spotter places his left hand on the gymnast's upper left arm and the right hand on the rest of the right arm. From here the spotter aids the gymnast in getting off the parallels safely. As the gymnast starts up on the back swing and starts the somersault action he is pushed by the

-;

Reverse Stutz

spotter so that the gymnast will clear the bars and land on the trampoline. Diagram #1.

When performing the front somersault dismount it is important to keep the arms straight and also not to lean forward with the shoulders. In fact the shoulders should be slightly back of the hand when letting go of the bars.

After the gymnast is getting the feel of the trick landing in a setting position on the trampoline, he can then be spotted as

shown in diagram # 2 without the trampo­line_

The back somersault d ismount can be learned by using the same technique. The gymnast will land on his stomach on the trampoline. Diagram #3. The spotter will reverse his hands when assisting the gym­nast off the bars.

B-y placing a mat on the trampoline the springs can be covered and it will make for a .softer landing.

, . r .....

\ \ \ \ \ \

\ \

\ \ ,

GYMNASTIC AIDS By DO'n Tonry

SHOOT TO HANDSTAND (Straight Arms) 1-5. Obtain large swing. Flex hips as body

passes vertical and pull downward forcefully with arms. Continue pulling downward on rings as arms move side­ward.

6-7. Extend hips upward, between straps, raise head and · continue bearing down­ward on rings until body reaches hand­stand.

HIGH STRADDLE DISMOUNT 1-3. Obtain large swing. Flex hips as body

p'asses vertical and pull downward forcefully wtih arms. Direct hips slight­Iy in front of rings ; straddle legs and increase flexon in hips.

4-7. Release rings; raise upper body force­fully; extend arms out to side and join legs before landing.

SHOOT TO HANDSTAND (straight arms)

HIGH STRADDLE DISMOUNT

N ote: The exact location of the r ings in relation t o the pos ition of the body could not always be drawn with com­plete accuracy because of limited space.

25

PROGRESSION FOR THE EAGLE

I

By Roger Gedney While instructing at the United States

Gymnastics Federation clinic at Ft. Lauder­dal e. Florida I hosted a brainstorming ses­~iun where 15 or 20 coaches came together to exchange ideas. We as coaches are con­tin ually trying new methods to promote the developmen t of our gymnasts, but I feel at the same time that we owe it to our ;oPOTt to be interested in the promotion of gymnastics per se throughout the United St a teg. Some of the suggestions were so usdul that I felt they should be made availahle to all gymnastic coaches to fur­t.h~ r "ur cause. T have pieced together idea" of 1111' own with those of other coaches to preoent · this article on "Progression for Ihe Eagle".

Defore a gymna.t is ready to learn the di ' located /l ian t swing, or the eagle as it i" commonly referred to, he should have wel l con lTol'l ed giants in both directions and he , hnuld be in the late intermediate ,ti!~'~ ,'f development. I would prefer that he be able to no a vault and several chan ~w' . The coach will ultimately decide when he feels hi s gymnast is ready, both phY!3 ically and men tally . The gymnast must have a confidence in himself, a confidence Ihat comeS about through progressive learn­illl! and time .

R·:fore I discms the eagle itself and the rr 'i' res,don used to teach it. it should be "';""!lOned tbal the way,; of actually assum­in~ t he no~iti o n for the eagle are perhaps more intricate I han the eagle itself. The most in·q uent mel hod of "getting into" the ,ji , located po<; it ion is the stoop-in-. This ("an I". d"nc in a number of ways, a stem ri:,,' immed iate >toop-in, a stoop·in out of a'km rise back uprise, a stoop-in out of a ~iant swing. a !'toop-in out of a giant her, and an immediate stoop-in out of a frf>e hi p hop, ju~ t. to mention a few. It \,'Pl de! SC PIll that the stoop-in has two basic f uncl i'ms as a prelude to the eagle, It puts th ,· gymnast in a physical position which makes it anatomically possible to di slocate, and the angular velocity gained through the cirde is transferred in a linear direc­tion at the time of dislocation.

While these progressions a r e being It'arned, the gymnast, through the use of a low horizontal bar and trampolet, can at the same time be working on the most difficult part of the eagle itself, the correct p:tswgP over the top of the horizontal bar. For most gymnasts the horizontal bar should he adjusted to a height of ap­proximately four feet. T he trampolet should nllW be placed so that the leading edge of the trampolet is directly under the hori ­zontal bar, as illustrated in figure one. It ?f..

is wise to put a mat in the position shown in case the spot in figure four is missed and the gymnast swings under the bar into tbe trampolet. The gymnast now as­sumes the position illustrated in figure one, standing on the trampolet and grasp­ing the bar with tlte eagle grip . A right handed spotter will probably wish to stand on the left side of the bar, one hand on the gymnast's right shoulder and the left hand over the bar and into the gymnast's mid-section.

The exercise begins by having the gym­nast take one or two small beats on the trampolet before putting forth the final effort. The initial movement by the gym­nast after the beat is to lift hard with the hips in a slightly open piked pOSItIOn while at the same time keeping the head up to enable him to see over the bar. The spotter meanwhile is applying a supporting pressure to the gymnast's right shoulder and allowing it to move slightly forward of the bar while the left hand aids in the hip lifting action. I would refer to the posi­tion acquired by the gymnast in fi gure two as the critical position ; the success or failure of the execution being determined from this point on. The gymnast must now stop the forward motion of the shoulders and begin press ing the hips upward so tha t the legs come into line with the chest. The spotter at this point can aid the gymnast by pulling back at the shoulder with the right hand to help check the forward mo­tion and lift the gymnast with the left hand to belp bring the two in line. In other words, the spotter will be trying to draw his right and left hands toward a median point. The holding action continues until the legs, chest, and arms come in to line at which time the head should also be brought into line.

The final step will be for the gymnast to continue his stretch and for the spotter to make his catch as illustrated in figure four. A£ter the gymnast has passed the point illustrated in fi gure three, he momen­tarily releases his hold on the gymnast and moves slightly forward of the bar to make the catch. The left arm supports the back and upper body, the right arm supports the lower body from behind the knees.

A £ter the gymnast has perfected th is progression and has learned some way of assuming the dislocated position, we would be ready to proceed to the regulation hori­zontal bar. As a spotting aid , I use a fifty gallon drum to stand on, and I place 'it just inside one of the uprights. This drum is for the spotter to stand on so that he may duplicate the spotting technique illus­trated in fi gures one and two. As an addi­tional safety measure this drum may be strapped to the upright to make it more secure. It would be possible also to use the ball bearing safety device that attaches to the bar and then to the gymnast by elastic cables and safety belt. However, some gymnasts feel more confident without this device. I also use several spotters, at least one directly under tbe gymnast and two more out to the sides and back of the gymnast in case he peals off with one hand or the other. I also will put numerous net bags full of sponge rubber around the area. I now stand on the drum and have the gymnast proceed with the stoop-in and dislocation.

After the gymnast has dislocated I would hope that he would be in a position similar to that illustrated in figure three, stretcb­ing out as much as possible with the head now in line with the rest of the body, H e_ should maintain this position until he crosses the oottom, at which time he will begin the lifting action of the hips and the " holding up of the head. The spotter

now reaches with the left hand to grab the gymnast's upper arm and as the gymnast cantin ues to ri se, the spotter reaches into the gymnast's mid-section to begin the lift­ing action, as illustrated in figure two. The spotting action is now as it was ear­lier, a holding action applied to the gym­nast 's shoulders and a lifting action ap­plied to the gymnast's hips.

In case a trampolet is not available, the progression can be carried out by having the gymnast stand on the floor with the horizontal bar adjusted to a hight of ap­proximately 18". The procedure is much the same except that the spotter will prob­ably want to kneel down on one knee. The ca tch is then made, for the most part, on just the legs.

Summary: After the progressions have been mas­

tered and the gymnast is executing the eagle, he finds them very similar to re­verse grip giants. The eagle can be a B or C move, depending upon preparatory movements, and most good routines will in­clude it. It can almost be considered an unwritten requirement and well worth the time spent to learn it.

, .

, /

I

A ! '

I; !

CONDITIONING for COMPETITION

Strength for the Inverted Pull This Iffijj'f[h's exercise was designed to

facilitate the learning of that difficult and impressive inverted pull on rings. Though it is specific to the ring event, it is an effective exercise ' for developing both pull· ing and pushing power and should be prac·

By Dick Wolfe

ti ced by any gymnast who wants to improve his over-all strength.

This exercise should be performed 3 sets of 5 repetitions. As the gymnast gains the strength to effectively do this exercise, the feet should be progressively raised until 5 repetitions can be executed with the feet almost directly over the head. Then the

Corner t By Helen SjlUun

STEM RISE - UNEVEN BARS by Helen SjuTsen

In my observation of various instructors, I find that too much emphasis is put on the down swing of the extended leg for the execution of the stem rise. Let us take it step by step to analyze what is happening and why.

Fig. 1. P osition at the start of the stem rise: hands in upper or regular grip on high ba,r, left leg bent with left foot resting against low bar, right leg extended upward (foot close to high bar) with leg straight and toes pointed.

Fig. 2. From the starting position, empha­sis should . be put on the fact that the hips should be raised to the under part of the high bar by straightening the left leg and stretching the body. The right leg will auto­matically stretch upward. So far the right leg has done nothing for the stem rise except to accentuate form by being kept straight with toes pointed. If the right leg is swung down before the left leg is fu lly extended, the right leg would hit the low bar unless form is broken by bending the right knee. With both legs bent, the hips would be tQO far away from the high bar to successfully complete the stemrise. If, after stretching the left leg, the hips are kept low, moving to a support position on the high bar would be difficult.

F ig. 3. In Fig. 2, the left leg actually straightens quickly and springs or pushes off the low bar. At the same time the hips raise to the under side of high bar instantly followed by the head, and the shoulders shift forward over the high bar with the aid of a pulling action and a bending at the hi ps. The legs are still separated in a stride position and the right leg has yet to start its work. When raising the hips to the under side of the high bar, there should be no hesitation in shifting the head and shoulders forward and in transferring the body weight over the arms to a bent hip support position with legs still separated. Girls with short legs will probably need more pushing action by the left leg. From the bent hip support position with legs apart, the right leg is in a position to help avoid an unnecessary stop and now starts its work. With body weight balanced over the arms, better control is ga ined of the speed of the swing of the right leg as it moves to the left. The speed of the swing will be

performer should transfer to the standard rings and practice the actual movement. (j.e. inverted pull ) .

Hooking the feet facilitate balance. the chest, from a fir st be necessary.

around the straps will Manual assistance, at

fellow gymnast may at

EXERCISE # 10. INVERTED PULLS. From a horizontal support with the feet on a box (Fig. 11. lower to straight armed hang (Fig. 2) and pull through position in Fig. 3 to straight armed, horizontal support (Fig . 1). Repeat. Specific to: Rings-inverted pull , back r ise handst and, back lever pull to cross. Hori zonta l Bar - reverse grip cast t o handstand from a hang below the bar (stem rise).

determined by the move to follow.

o

Fig. 4. With the body weight over the arms NOW swing right leg back to join left. The gymnast is now in a pos ition to proceed to her next move. During the final action of this move, be aware of movement of the left leg before it is joined by the right. If the left leg is swung to the rear too soon, by the time the right leg j oins it: (1) momentum can be lost, (2 ) the left leg could have started to come back under the high bar, (3) an unnecessary stop may be engendered, and (4) smoothness of rhythm could be broken.

Each important phase of the stem ri se has been expl ained. However, the slem ri se should be done with a smooth fl ow. Re­member to emphasize the action of the left leg, the hips, the shifting of the head and the shoulders over the high bar before talk· in g about the right leg. When the bent hips - legs separated support position is reach­ed, the right leg will start its swingin~ action.

LETTERS

HAIL FURBLUR! Dear Mr. Sundby:

In your August-September 1966 issue of The Modern Gymnast, there appeared a picture of Caach Ernie Furblur's fine Oneonta, New Yark gymnastic team, which had a fine winning seasan of 11-0.

Approx imately one year la ter, you will note in the picture enclased Coach Ernie Furblur with his Freehold Regional High Schoal gymnastic team fram New Jersey, alsa with the same winning seasan .of 11-0.

Caincidence? Na. ToO us at Freehald it shaws the fine caaching ability fa .one man. Hail Mr. Furblur!

Sincerely, Tam Fiarentina CoO-Captain Englishtawn, New Jersey

CLASSIC Glenn,

One of my gymnasts, BoOb Sakai, toO .ok this picture during a dual meet thi s past year a nd r thaught you might enjay it as much as I did .

It is a picture .of Jerry Wright spatting Pete Gruber o n a dauble fly- a -way fram the s till rings .

I might suggest that the picture, in my opinion, is a classic except tha t the spatter might possibly be a little bit closer toO the perfa rm er althaugh plenty .of suppart was provided from this distance.

Sincerely, Jerry Wright Sa n Francisco State College

F + B = PHOTO D ear Glenn,

Here is a picture display ing flexibility and balance, the spli t by J ahn Eft a nd the ha ndstand by Tam Alexander. Bath gymnasts are s tudents a t Calarada Sta te College.

Sincerely, John Eft Lakewoad, Calorado

WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE Dea r Sir s;

I would like to request, that in your next issue of the Medern Gymnast , you would tell the readers, or a t least me, what the difference is b etween the st ill ?R

rings and flying rings. Which kind is used in the Olympics, and if they are nat bath used, why?

Yaurs truly, Rager Huggins Avandale E s tates, Ga.

Ed. Seme seurces still refer te the present Still Rings event as Flying Rings In the Olympics. However, the Flying Rings or SwInging Rings as used in the USA until drepped as an event by the NCAA a few years back has not been used in the Olympic competition since 1932. In the Xth Olympic Games held that year in Los Angeles, Flying Rings aleng with Tum­b�ing' Rope Climb, and Indian Club swing­ing were specIal events at the opt ian of the host country. (Fer more infermation en Olympic history see Nov. '64 MG Netes from the editor.)

Mr. Dan "Cantraversy" Millman Dea r Dan:

I read y our essay on the bea rd p ro blem with mare than a little interest, for to me the beard issue is a dead .one, and I feel that I must express anather paint of view. The ceach does have the right te say, "No beard."

The right stems from the very special relatianship between the coach and the gymnast. A coach is one wha through expertise and experience qualifies himself to prepare athletes for campetition. By placing himself under a competent coach an aspiring gymnast enhances his chanced .of winning. The two wark as a team­the caach providing the training program , encauragement and expert knawledge in the spart, while the gymnast pravides himself, hi s time and his dedication toO the cammon goal (development .of man's po­tential and a high score).

Secondly, in any activity where the human boOdy is seen and evaluated, thos.ll who see and evaluate get an impression from your deportment. How you walk, how you carry yaur h ead and shoulders, and your general appearance creates an impression that is either favorable or nn­favorable. In terms .of score this impres­s ion may be only .1, but that is sometimes enough to win or lose. I am certain that you know gymnasts whom you wanted to win as you watched them even before they began to compete (MitcheIl has that quality).

Therefore, if the coach, due to experi­ence in the sport, feels that removing the beard wauld make your impression ",are favorable, you should remove it. If you do not want to remove it, you will be ad­mitting that the highest possible Score is not your goal, that yau knaw more than the caach, and that yau are more inter­ested in making the beard mare acceptable than in the spart. Yau probably wauld nat ques tion the coach's right toO demand that you lase weight, work an strength, or wark for more fl exibility. His r easons far demanding that the beard be remaved are the same as for losing weight-the high­est possible score based upan his expert knowledge.

The image .of the school .or coach dUE: to the beard is a side issue and nat revelant. However, I, persanally, would warry about my image toO ather coaches if my gymnasts ware beards, because it would indicate toO them that I was nat serious abou t my caaching duties.

Dear 1,.:Henn,

Sincerely, Glenn Wilsan Gymnastics Coach University of Arizona

YOUr letter was articulate, thought .. ful, and demanstrates toO me your conscientiousness as a coach. You were the .only persan wha bathered toO write a reply to the column. I ap­preciate your reply.

r find little in your letter toO argue abaut. As far as gymnastics is can­cerned, yau may be absolutely correct that if the coach's sale concern is maximizing scores of his gymnasts, he should rightl) discaurage the wearing of beards or anything else which is presently cansidered "slap­py." He has the right toO discourage beards if the gymnasts understand that beards are net to be worn befere they Jein the team.

To argue the right of the individual to wear the beard, I might be stray­ing fram gymnastics and delving in toO the philosophy of aesthetics (and ta lerance). For a basic questian occurs to me: why do we can sider beards slappy? It is conceivable that in some other cauntry, it is con­sidered quite apprapriate toO wear a beard in gymnastics. r am in favar of basing judgments of aesthetics etc., on rationality, r ath er than cul­tural tra dition. The idea that being shaven is "clean" is str ength ened by

insisting athlet es keep up the clean shaven image.

r confess that r had na business expressing my ideas in a gymnastic context, for my Ideas do not belong in any athletic context. Yet it seemed to me that if athletes, (clean, healthy people), would be allowed to wear beards, it might dispell the image that a beard is inherently slappy and dirty. I'm afraid that my column was communicated somewhat pre­maturely; it was written last October and my ' thaughts have been refined somewhat.

Again, thank you for your thaughts. Peace,-Daniel Millman

Ed. While en the subject .of the appear­ance and deportment .of a gymnast, yeur editer fer one continues to be appalled at the habit of many tep gymnasts whe the mom ent they dismount from the appar · atus ge threugh the ritual of. beginn!ng. to undress in front .of the publIC by slipPIng out of their suspenders. (You will not see this in W·orld .or Olympic competitions.) I blame the coach as much as the gym­nast fer this undignified gymnastic atti­tude. Also, I do net like to see street wear or sloppy appearance on the trophy stand. If a gymnast is goed enou!jh to attain an award he should receive It in top style and dignity.

Kenneth W. Hollis

I; you have "Y.NEWS" that should be in the MG ... Send it direct to Kenneth W. Hollis, 3881 W. 25, Cleveland, Ohio, 44109.

"Y-NEWS"

BEHIND THE SUCCESS AT MILWAUKEE YMCA

Any Monday night at the Milwaukee YMCA you can see 30 bays between the ages of 6 and 14 going through a vigorous training program of gymnastic skills. These boys, who are working on the six Olympic events, are being trained to take their places among the ranks of our gymnasts. Last year Milwaukee YMCA won the State YMCA Gymnastic Championship, and is presently working toward next year's meet.

Coach Chuck H ennecke is assisted in this endeavor by Tony LaFleur (his son-in-law), who has four sons in this class.

Chuck, a gymnast himself and competitor in many YMCA and AAU meets, also helped train his own son, Bob at the YMCA. Bob is now a member of the University of Wisconsin Gymnastic Team, and who can tell how many more of these boys will develop into top gymnasts??

Can gratulations to Chuck Henneck, Tony LaFleur and the Milwaukee YMCA!

1967 BRUIN GYMNASTIC CLASSIC May 26, 1967

Pauley Pavilion, UCLA Adding still further 'opportunity

for gymnastic competition in the Southern California region , the first Bruin Classic attracted such gymnastic standouts as Yoshi Ha­yasaki, Makoto Sakamoto, Kanati Allen and Sid Freudenstei6. In a fast-moving and often exciting meet, some of the West Coast 's top specialists vied with these noted all-around competitors w ith the final awards split equally be­tween them.

The single performance earning the judges' award was by Gary Hoskins on the side horse. Gary's difficulty and free-flowing rhythm easily topped all other contenders, full y deserving t he 9.6 score awarded the routine . A cl ose sec­ond in the outstanding indiv idua l performance category would have to have been UCLA's Kanati Allen for a highly mov ing horizontal bar routine. All performances consid­ered, California 's Sid Freudenstein was awarded the Outstanding Ath­lete trophy. A v eraging 9.27 over six ev ents, Sid carried off 3 firsts and a second.

A rarely seen burst of spectator interest in the long horse deve loped as a result of invoking the new NCAA vaulting procedures. The vaulter could choose to take his second vault only at the risk of losing the score earned on his first vault. Several vaulters, egged on by spectator cheers, improved their scores on a second vault . Adding even more interest to the vaulting were exhibition vaults by Freudenstein (full twisting giant hecht) and Proulx (I V2 twist ing handspring).

Results FX: Sid Freudenstein 9.55, Tom

Proulx 9.50, Yoshi Hayasaki 9.25. SH: Gary Hoskins 9.60, Joel Tepp

9.45, Hayasaki and M ike Freriks 9. 10. TR: Doug Boger 8.95, Tom Proulx 8.90, Dennis Rowe 8.55 . R: Bob Teel 9.40, Freudenste in 9.25, Hayasa ki 9.20. LH: Freudenstein 9.50, Proulx 9.50, Don Arthur and Rich Grigsby 9.35 . PB: Freuden­stein 9.45, Sakamoto 9.40, Haya­saki and Steve N oriega 9.35. HB : Kanati Allen 9.60, Hayasak i 9.50, Sakamoto 9.45.

LOS ANGELES TURNERS INVITATIONAL GYMNASTIC MEET

July 1, 1967 Jack Beckner, Meet Director

This inv itational meet f or all­around entrants only was held in honor of the memory of the late Erwin Volze. Still another purpose in the competition was to prov ide additional meet experience for the gymnasts, many of whom ore pre­paring for the Pan-American Games Trials.

AA: Dave Thor 54.8, Jim A mer­ine 52.7, Rich Grigsby 51.65, Bob Diamond 49.95, Gary Dlamor;Jd 49.4 , Bob Ly nn 49 .4, A I Luber 48.35, Steve Hug 48.35.

HOLIDAY GYMNASTICS CHAMPIONSHIPS

Dayton, Ohio YMCA Linda Metheny, representing the

Unbana , Illinois Y , was the domin­ant feature of the Day t on Y Holi­day Gymnastics Championships as she easily captured 5 first places in the Women's Open Division. Barb McKenzie of Flint sa lvaged a first in tumbling and 3 second, to lead Flint to the team titl e. Sarah Baumgart from the Eiche Turners grabbed one second and two thirds .

Gary Hutchinson, Columbus Gym club, domina:ted the men's open

division w ith v ictories in the AA, HB, PB, SR, and SH and a second in vaulting, leading hi S team t o the team champ ionship. Dick Van Hursett, Dayton Y, won the tum­bling' Robert Grabinsk i, El che Turn~rs, led the fie ld in t he FX and Ben Barnhart captured the remaining gold medal in vau lti ng.

Ken Stall, led the Dayt on . Y . t o f irst place in the Jr. Boys diVISion w ith v ictor ies in t he AA, HB, LH , PB, SR, and SH . Youngstown's Jack La nz won the FX, was 2nd on th~ SR, and 3rd on t he HB .

The Eby family, David and Dale , from the Dayton Y, led that club to first place in t he Elementary boys division. Dav id won every event f or 8 gold meda ls, brot her Dale was 3rd in the AA and 2nd on the PB. Melv in Morton, Frank­lin Ohio picked up 6 silver medals fo~ seco~d place in the AA, f'X, vaulting , SR, SH, and tumbling .

Colleen M ulv ihill , of t he Urbana Y, Sue Werling , Dayton Y, and Maddie Wetherell of Fl int shared honors in t he Junior Girls division. Colleen p laced f irst in t he AA . vau lting and unevens, and second on BB and 3rd in FX. Sue cap­t ured the BB and was second in the AA and FX. M addie, however, had the privilege of leading her team t o the team title as she placed 3rd in the AA and tumbling and 2nd in vau lting and unevens. Cindy Ha ll of Fl int won the tum­b ling and Di N owicki ... Dayton Y won the FX event to finish Gut the scoring in that division.

Dianne Grayson, Dayton Y, dom­inated the elementary girls divi­sion as she won all but one event f or 5 firsts. Sandy Jozwick, how­ver led Flint to the team title with 2nd in t he AA, unevens, and tumbling and f irst place in the vaulting. Kathy Stewart, Urbana Y, made her presence fe lt with seconds in vau lting, BB, and FX and third in tumbling.

CENTRAL AAU GYMNASTIC MEET FOR WOMEN

Navy Pier Gym April 29, 1967

Age Group Division: AA: Barbara Bauer (Eiche Turn­

ers) 35.900, Diane Sa in i (McKin­lev YMCA) 34.53 1, Debb ie Clifford (ET) 32.466 . SHY : Bauer 17.80, Debbie Fisher (ET) 17.00, Bolin 16.899. FX: Bauer 18.366, Diane Mininni (Engst rom) 18.333, Bolin 18.099. B: Bauer 18.333, Bo l in 17.866, Janet Ingram (C.I.A.) 17.533. UPB : Bauer 16.40, Clifford 15.200, Bolin 14 .966. Senior Division:

AA: Linda Metheny (McKinley YMCA) 37.065, Coral Augustyn (Soko l USA) 32.666, Pat Felicelli (Engstrom) 31.866. SHY : Metheny 8.766, Augusty n 8.7, Feli ce lli 7.0. UPB : Metheny 9.066, Donna Bas­com (CIA) 7.333, Sarah Brumgart (Lake Shore Park) 6.966. B: Meth­eny 9.600, Feli ce lli 9. 133, Augustyn 8.966. FX : Metheny 9.633, Feli ­celli 9.333, Brumgart 9.266.

1967 JUNIOR NATIONAL AAU MEN'S AND WOMEN'S

GYMNASTICS CHAMPIONSHIPS Abie Grossfeld

Director of Competition On May 19 and 20 the second

Junior National Ama teur Ath letic Union Gymnastics Championships were held in New Haven, Connecti­cut. The first Championships in 1955 we re fo r men on ly at Ya le University, wh ile this year's com­pelition was both for men and women at Sout hern Connecticut State College. The 1967 Meet at­tracted over 400 entri es represent­ing t h irteen states with New Y ork hav ing the most competitors at thirty-seven fo llowed by Californ ia w ith seventeen.

The performance caliber was high in all events. Coach Jerry Todd's powerful Pasadena City College team continued it s stri ng of over one-hundred consecut ive v ictories by dom inating the men's team champ ionsh ip. The New York Athlet ic Cl ub placed second.

Jim Amerine, a freshman at Southern Connecticu t State Co llege and representi ng the New York Athletic Club, was t he meet s' out­standing performer , w inning 3 gold medals, all-around, horizontal ba r

and long horse vau lt. A m eri ne also was second on the ri ngs and third on t he side horse. George Green­field o f Pasadena City Co ll ege de­feated a high ly ta lent ed field to w in floor exercise with a unique and difficult routine which con­tained a f orward roll jump t o a high held "V" position and a dou­b le tw ist ing back somersault. Ken Henderson, a graduate student at the University of Massachusetts, opened hi s routine w ith a front somersau lt st ep ou t to roundoff , flip flop, double twisting back somersault. Fifteen year o ld John Crosby of the New York A.c. al so started with a doub le twisting bock somersault and f in ished wi th a roundoff, flip fl op, whip back, flip fl op, high layout. somersault. Cros­by edged Greenfi eld f or the tum­b li ng title.

Frericks o f Pasadena c.c. won side horse w ith the meef's out­standing performance-9.75. Frer­icks swing was w ide and extended while disp lay ing t op diff icu lty. His routine cant o ined a Russ ian moore on one pommel , an uphill bock moore travel in , a reve rse uphill trave l, a hop sc issor V2 turn, ar:d a doub le wa lk around to a dIS­mount-ali per formed fl awless ly.

A well trai ned Mannettes' team of Philadelphia under Bi ll and Ginny Coco won the women's team championship. Fifty gir ls competed for the coveted all-around title wi th Sally Espe of Owego, N .Y. emerg ing as Champion just .435 point s ahead of Colleen MulVih il l of Champaign, Ill inois. However, Co lleen performed a highl y d i ffi­cult and an ext reme ly well exe­cuted u neven parellel bar routi ne to walk off with t he title . Kathy Gardiner of the Mannettes per­formed steady and gracef u ll y to annex both the f loo r exercise and ba lance beam t itles. She was the meet's only women's double gold medal w inner.

In general, the class of our younger g irl gymnasts was out­stand ing. If the wo rk o f our younger gi rl s is an indication of how we wi ll fai r in the f ut ure, we can speculate optimi sti cal ly in ou r international hopes.

Team standings: Pasadena City Co llege (PCC) 81, New York Ath­let ic Club (NYAC) 52.5, Southern Connecticut Gym Club (Conn) 16.5, Brooklyn Centra l YMCA (Brk-Y) 0.

AA: James Amer ine (NYAC) 106.75, George Greenfield (PCC) 104.70, Joe Bridges (N YAC) 97.65, Marshall Avener (G len Cove YMCA) 93 .05, James Barish (NYAC) 87.00, Joe Gray (PCC) 86.3. FX: Green­f ield 18.625, John Crosby (NYAC) 18.350, K. Henderson (U. Moss) and Dan Kolb (PCC ) 17.95. SH : M ike Freri cks (PCC) 19.075, J. Nelson (PCC ) 18.475, Amerine 17.325. R: Walt Swift (PCC) 18.550, Amer ine 18.450, Dove Clowes (Unatt) 18.00. LH : Amer ine 18.450, D. Jacobs (B rk-Y) 18.275. Henderson 17.975. PB: Brien Thomas (PCC) 18.450, Greenfield 17.850, Ko lb 17.775. H B: Amer ine 18.300, Rich Hammers (PCC) 18.10, Greenf ield 17.975. Tr: Paul Stevens (Conn) 16 .925, Bi ll Copp (Ken t State) 16.750, Phil Burns (Conn) 15.825. T: Crosby 9.0, Greenfield 8.8, Henderson 8.4 .

Women's Results Team stan dings: Mannettes of

Phi lade lphia (Man) 27.5; McKin­ley YMCA, Champa ign, Illino is (McK-Y) 18; Owego (NY) GGAC 16; and Southern California Aero Team (SCATs) 16; Seatt le YMCA (S-Y) 7; Eiche Turners, Chicago (ET) 6.5.

AA: Sa ll y Espe (OGGAC) 66.499, Co llen Mulvihi ll (McK-Y) 64.064 , Kathy Gardiner (Man) 63.531; Pat­t i McGarry (Unott) 62.798, Cathy Rigby (SCATs) . 62.698, Margie Sims (Unatt) 6: ,9. SHY: Cleo Carver (5-Y) 16.730, Rigby 16.640, Joane DeVarone (Santa Clara Va l­ley, Calif) 16.5160. UPB: Mulvih i ll 18.567, Rigby 18.050, Diane Balm (McK-Y) 17.6165. B: Gardl .er 17.8495, Espe 17.4665, Rigr. y 16.966. FX: Card iner 17.699, Espe 17.3825, Joanne Terry (5, · Conn Gym Club) 17. 150. T: darb",r" Bauer (ET) 8.25, Pat Fel ice lli (Engst rom Gym Club) 7.00, Li .1, , 1 Beyer (Brookl yn Centr~ 1 YMC/ J 5.35.

1968 MEXICO OLYMPIC TOUR For complete packoge tour and informa­tion, leaving from Los Angeles, write to Mr. Frank Endo, 12200 So. Berendo Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90044.

DISPLAY ADS: For larger space advertisements in The MODERN GYMNAST send for our special rate cards. MG ADVERTISING DEPT. Box 611, Santa Monica, Cal­ifornia 90406.

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MG Gym Calendar SOKOL WOODLANDS: Sessions: July 16-22,

July 23-29,. July 30-Aug. 5, Aug. 6-12, Aug. 13-19, Aug. 20-26. Write : Sokol Woodlands, Mail Road, Barryville, N.R. 12719.

NEW ENGLAND GYMNASTIC CAMP. For boys, girls, and coaches. To be held at Cushing Academy, Ashburnham, Massachusetts July 16 to August 27. Contact Robert Hanscom, YMCA, Marblehead, Massachusetts.

GYMNASTIC WORKSHOP: New York State Uni­versity at Cortland, July 17-28. Grad credit. Jo Friesen, Director. For info. Dr. Katherine ley, Women's P.E. State Univ .. Cortland. N.Y. 13045.

CAMP EDELWEISS: On lake Ontario near Oswego, N.Y. Full season-July 2 - Aug. 12; (hre.e week sessionS-July 2-22, July 23-Aug. 12. For further information write Othmar Boxler, Camp Edelweiss, R. D. #2, Cortl~"d, N.Y. 1304'i.

GYMNASTIC WORKSHOP: The Sixth Annual ·Gustavus Gymnast Workshop for Teachers, July 24·28, Gustavus Adolphus College, st. Peter, Minnesota. For further information write: Mrs. Nancy Baker, Gustavus Adolphus College, Minn

MONESSEN SOKOL CLINIC. Monessen Sokol Recreation Grounds, Monessen, Pennsylvania, July 30· August 19, 1967. For information con­tact John Kerekes, 1805 Service lane, Monessen, Pennsylvania 15062.

UNIVERSITY WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS, August [967, Tokyo, Japan.

GIRLS GYM CAMP: August 7-11, 1967 in Minnesota. ~or informa­tion ; Mrs. Baker, Gustavus, St. Peter, Minne­sota.

GYMNASTIC CAMP: Central Atlantic Area Gymnastic Camp August 20-27, 1967. Washing­ton YMCA Camp letts, Edgewater, Md. For further info; Vern Elder Camp Dir. 1736 G St., N.W. Washington. D.C. 20006.

INSTITUTE IN ADVANCED GYMNASTICS: Aug­ust 9 through 23, 1967. For information write; Roger Counsil , Gymnastic Coach, Indiana State Univ. Terre Hute. Indiana 47809.

DGWS GYMNASTIC CAMP. To be held August 20-26 at Carleton College, Northfield, Minne­sota . For further information write: Mary Ann Bayless, 2720 Florida Ave. North, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55427.

10th ANNUAL NATIONAL SUMMER GYMNAS­TICS CLINIC: August 20-25, 1967, Michigan State University, East lansing; Michigan_

Clinic Fee; $50 . .. Send to George Szypula, Clinic Director, Natl. Summer Gym Clinic, MSU East lansing, Mich. 48823.

5TH ANNUAL SANTA MONICA GYMFEST: labor day weekend, Sept. 2-4. Open and Invitational competitions for boys, girls, men and women. For info: Dick Criley, SM Gymfest director, Box 611, Santa Monica, Calif. 90406.

GYM MEET. Wisconsin Open Gymnastic Championships: February 17, 1968, Brookfield East Gymnasium, Brookfield, Wisconsin.

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Performance . .. Another exclusive with Gym Master - new Fiber­glass Parallel Bar "G" Rails with built-in perfec­t ion that never varies in shape or flexibility. Now, because of all the new design features and quality constructiorr, the only limit to the ultimate in per­formance is the gymnast's own capabilities!

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Write for our new, fully illustrated catalog.

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, ,

j I

THE MOPERN GYMNAST P. O. Box 611 Santa Monica, Colifornia 90406

Dear Sirs:

Please send me 0 Subscription to tne Mcxjern Gymnast

State ____ Zip __

PLEASE CHECK BELOW $5.00 0 One Year $9.00 0 Two Yeors

$12.95 0 Three Yeors

o Check. o Cash o Money Order

All foreign subscriptions $6.00 per Yeor 0 o Please find $ ___ for Gift subscription to be sent to

Shreveport Gymnastic Supply

Company P. O. BOX 5374

SHREVEPORT, LOUISIANA

Suppliers of SLIPPERS, UNIFORMS, SWIM SUITS, LEOTARDS, WARM-UP

SUITS, HAND GUARDS

-SEND FOR OUR CATALOG­We Boast of Our

LOW PRICE LIST

the names enclosed .

Everything

!JtAn~:~ ---..} ~

DUTCH DANCERS I ndividually sized wooden shoes, o ur own make or imports, for your Dutch folk dances, spectaculars, recita ls , etc. Also authentic Dutch costumes, caps, hats, all sizes and a ll co lorful. Attractive d iscou nts to certified stud ios.

WRITE FOR FREE BROCHURE

INTERMEDIATE PARALLEL BAR SKILLS (five charts per set) ...... @ 6.00 per set

ADVANCED PARALLEL BAR SKILLS (four charts per set) .... @ 5.00 per set

INTERMEDIATE RING SKILLS (three charts per set) .... @ 4.00 per set

ADVANCED RING SKILLS (three charts per set) .... @ 4.00 per set

Also new Boys Physica l Education Charts (all events-3 charts) for gymnastics classes available in August 19'1>7.

CHANGING YOUR ADDRESS? MAIL ADDRESS CHANGE TO:

WOODEN SHOE FACTORY

THE MODERN GYMNAST, BOX 611 SANTA MONICA, CALIF. 90406 Be sure to include your ZIP code.

QYMNA8T1CS on STAMpS

STAMP STARTER COLLECTION The above collection of 20 gymnastics stamps for $1.00. Also available: 30 mixed track and field .................... $1.00 40 general sports- stamps ................ $1.00

California Resiaent: Add 4% Sales Tax MG STAMPS

Box 777 Santa Monica. California 90406

P.O. Box 210·G Holland, Michigan 49423

GYMNASTICS FOR WOMEN BLANCHE J. DRURY and ANDREA B. SCHMID

Illustrations by Patricia Thomson

A. BRUCE FREDERICK-" ... the best total coverage of gymnastics for girls and women available." Included in the "Golden Library of Gymnastics" for the U.S. Gymnastics Federation Thoroughly revised in 1965 ... a classic in its field ... now in use in over 100 colleges and universities 212 PAGES SPIRAL BOU ND $3.95

(+ 4% tax for Californians)

A TEACHER'S GUIDE TO GYMNASTICS

MARSHALL CLAUS

MAKOTO SAKAMOTo-"The picture presentation of the spotting techniques is the best I have ever seen." ART SHURLOCK-"[This book] is the best text to date for teaching beginners. It can be understood and utilized by all physical education instructors." 162 PAGES SPIRAL BOUND $4.95

(+ 4% tax for Cali fo rn ia ns )

NATIONAL PRESS BOOKS 850 Hansen Way Palo Alto. Calif. 94304

• • • but you probably wouldn't buy another!

It's no great engineering feat to make one product cheaper than another. You cut quality a little here, you eliminate a feature there .. . and pretty soon you have a product that can sell for a cheaper price.

The same could apply to a Nissen parallel bar. For example, our exclusive Adjusto-Lock height and width adjustment feature could be replaced with the same low cost jam lock mechanism which other manufac­turers use . Ordinary paint could be substituted for our present maintenance-free nickel chrome finish . Small black rubber base pads could be used in place of Nissen's unique non-marking pads with the ad­justable leg leveler. Unbreakable Perma-Wood fused lamination top bars could easily be replaced with old fashion hickory bars , and on and on and on.

True, such a parallel bar would probably still qual­ify on an "or equal" bid, but somehow, without those important features, it just wouldn't be a Nissen. Can you afford anything less than the best?

r-------------------------, I CLIP AND MAIL THIS COUPON FOR YOUR FREE CATALOG

I I Name ........ .... ......... ... ... .... .......... .. ....... .. .. .. ..... .. ........ ... . .

, School , , Address .............. . .... .. ............ .. ......... .... ..... .. .

, City ............................... ... ... State ...... .. ..... ... Zip

: Nissen Corporation II I I Cedar Rapids, Iowa . c:::J 0 ~~rn c:::J L !~~ 2~' 2~:!. 5~1-,- ___ ~~--=-=:=-====-=:-=--=.

More Schools huy Nissen Gym Apparatus than all other hran,ds COMBINED!