Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft JEDI JEDI A Search for Charged-particle EDMs with Storage Rings 27.11.2012 | Hans Ströher Seminar Cracow 2012.

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JEDIJEDIA Search for Charged-particle EDMs with Storage Rings

27.11.2012 | Hans Ströher

Seminar Cracow 2012

10. April 2023 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 2

JEDI – The srEDM Search at FZ Jülich

Outline of the talk

Introduction Precision physics

Electric Dipole Moments (EDM) TV, CPV

Physics impact Baryogenesis, BAU

Charged particle EDMs Storage Rings

Steps towards realization Precursor



Outline of the talk







Introduction – Big Challenges

Perception of the HEP-community: 3 physics „frontiers“


Introduction – Physics Frontiers

Energy frontier (LHC and possible future successors)

Search forthe origin of

mass („Higgs“),SUSY

Energy





Quest for „Dark Matter“

and „Dark Energy“

Energy

Co

smic

Cosmic frontier (AMANDA, Auger, Icecube, …)



Intensity frontier (Super-beams)



Secrets ofneutrinos



EnergyIntensity

Co

smic


Secrets ofneutrinos


A most promising additional frontier: precision





EnergyIntensity

Co

smic

Precision(In-)stability

of theproton






Secrets ofneutrinos



(In-)stability of theproton

EnergyIntensity

Co

smic

Precision

Co

mp

lexity




ESPP, Cracow,September 2012


Introduction – Precision Frontier

Striving for the ultimate precision/sensitivity: example hydrogen

JohannJakobBalmer(1885)

BalmerSeries

H-atom



Striving for the ultimate precision/sensitivity

BalmerSeries

H-atom

Lamb-shiftQED

g/2 = 1 + /2~ 1.00116


Willis E.Lamb(1947)



V. Weisskopf: „To understand hydrogen is to understand all of physics“

BalmerSeries

H-atom

ElectronMDM

SM test

GeraldGabrielse

(et al.)(2008)


(…)



Search for Electric Dipole Moments (EDM) of fundamental particles

Adapted from:Nature,

Vol 482 (2012)

Example: Neutron (nEDM)


An EDM is VEEEEEE … EEERY small !!

Current upper limit separation ~ size of a hair

expand

Nucleon Earth

1 fm


1023 fm



Outline of the talk







Physics – Electric Dipoles

Charge separation creates an electric dipole

Definition p = q s


Physics – Electric Dipoles

Charge separation creates an electric dipole

Definition

Example:H2O

p = q s

Watermolecule:permanent

electric dipole(has de-

generate GSw/ different

parity)p ~ 6 x 10-30 C m ~ 4 x 10-9 e cm


Physics – Fundamental Particles

Do particles (e.g., electron, nucleon) have an EDM?

Chargesymmetric(„round“)

noEDM


Physics – Fundamental Particles

Chargesymmetric(„round“)

Not charge

symmetric

EDM(aligned w/ spin)

T operationcreates adifferent

state

noEDM

d < 10-13 e cm

Do particles (e.g., electron, nucleon) have an EDM?


Physics – Discrete Symmetries

Violation of discrete symmetries (P and T)

Motivation ofN.F. Ramsey,E.M. Purcellto search for

nEDM;found no PV: d < 10-20 e cm

IFparticlehas anEDM

If CPTholds,EDM

violatesCP


Parity- (P) and Charge-Parity- (CP) violation


C.S. Wuet al.

(1957)

Nobel Prize1957

Lee,Yang

… also observed in -decay …


Parity- (P) and Charge-Parity- (CP) violation


Nobel Prize1980

Cronin, Fitch

J. Cronin,V. Fitch

et al.(1964)

… also observed in other systems (B, D)


No exp´tly known CPV in QCD (no reason for it; “strong CP problem”)

Physics – CPV in Standard Model

CP symmetry breaking due to the weak interaction:

Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)-matrix connects the quark weak eigenstates and the quark mass eigenstates:

CKM matrix is unitary; if Vij are not real, CP will be violated finite area of the unitary-triangle!


Physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM)

Physics – Why is CPV so interesting?

CPV in the SM points to physics we do not understand

CPV is highly sensitive to physics beyond the SM (New Physics)

CPV is accessible to a wide range of experiments

New source of CPV required for baryogenesis



Outline of the talk



Physics impact BAU, baryogenesis




Physics – Baryogenesis

Matter and antimatter in our Universe

(…)


Assertion: Universe „started“ with equal amounts of matter and antimatter !

Early Universe

BigBang


Matter Anti-matter


Very soon, a slight asymmetry developed (CP- / T-violation)

Early Universe

Matter Anti-matter

BigBang



All the anti-matter annihilated with matter

Early Universe

Matter Anti-matter

BigBang


Matteranti-matterannihilation photons


Now, only matter is left over !

Early Universe

Today

Matter Anti-matter

Matteranti-matterannihilation photons

BigBang



The mystery of the missing antimatter (the puzzle of our existence)




Ingredients for baryogenesis: 3 Sakharov conditions


Physics – Potential of EDMs

N. Arkani-Hamed (IAS, Princeton) at Intensity Frontier WS, USA (2011)


G. Isidori at ESPP Open Symposium, Cracow (Sept. 2012)



J.M. Pendlebury: „nEDM has killed more theories than any other single expt.“



P. Harris, K. Kirch … A huge worldwide effort

EDMs – Ongoing/planned Searches

new


EDMs – Why another Experiment ?

J. De Vries … What we may learn from EDMs

StrongCP

problem


EDMs – Why another Experiment ?

Need for different EDMs to pin down the source(s)

StrongCP

problem

HadronEDMs arecomplex,

richer



Outline of the talk







EDMs – Executive Summary

A spectacular opportunity that should not be missed !


Frequency/energy difference due to EDM ( d )

EDMs – Measurement Technique (I)

Particle in parallel/anti-parallel B- and E-field:


EDM ( d ) in E-field produces a minuscule torque ( spin rotation)

Polarized charged particles in a storage ring:

EDM MDM


Vol 482 (2012)

EDMs – Measurement Technique (II)



EDMs – Storage Ring Technique

Polarized charged particles in a storage ring:

development of a transverse polarization component



EDMs – Storage Ring Technique

Spin Precession (relative to momentum): Thomas – BMT Equation:

Pure electric ring: B = 0, „magic momentum“, only if G > 0 (p) Combined E- and B- ring „all-in-one“ (p, d, 3He) Pure magnetic ring (COSY) tests

„frozen spin“


pEDM

all-electric ring

BNL (via DOE-NP)

EDMs – Storage Ring Projects

Two projects: US (BNL, FNAL) and Europe (FZJ)


pEDM

all-electric ring

FNAL (via DOE-HEP)



Accumulator


pEDM

all-electric ring

BNL, FNAL

(p,d, …)EDM

all-in-one ring (E,B)

FZJ (COSY): „JEDI“




pEDM

all-electric ring

BNL, FNAL

(p,d, …)EDM

all-in-one ring (E,B)

FZJ (COSY): „JEDI“



Critical (common) R&D projects• Spin Coherence Time ( COSY)• Polarimetry (data base) ( COSY)• Beam Position Monitoring ( RHIC)• Deflectors ( COSY)• Spin Tracking (Simulations)• …


NO direct measurement for proton- and deuteron-EDM yet !

EDMs – Sensitivity Reach


Vol 482 (2012)

pEDMdEDM

EDM search in charged baryon (systems)



Outline of the talk







EDMs – Stepwise Approach

Vertically polarized

beam

Polarimeter

Establish srEDM, first direct measurement ; sensitivity ~10-24 e cm

First step: „Precursor“ Experiment (using COSY+)

Comparison of B* = 0 (EDM effect) and E* = 0 (no EDM effect)


EDMs – Stepwise Approach

Sensitivity 10-29 e cm discovery potential

Polarizedcounter-rotatingbeams

Iron-freeCopper-wound

magnets

Adapted from:Richard Talman

Cornell, Febr. 2012

Second step: A dedicated EDM Storage Ring (with COSY as injector)


EDMs – Summary, Conclusion

A spectacular opportunity that should not be missed !

EDMs of charged particles in a Storage Ring:

Physics case: „must-do“ (complementary to LHC)

IKP is one of the (very few) places worldwide where this can be pursued:

COSY: testbed facility first direct measurement („precursor“)

Experience with polarized beams

Forschungszentrum Jülich (HGF): Scientific and technological „environment“ Continuity and persistence (> 10yr project)

Cooperations: RWTH: Physics, Engineers (JARA-Fame) BNL (US) (pEDM, use of COSY) PNPI (Russia), KVI (NL), Ferrara (I), Cracow (PL)


Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft JEDI JEDI A Search for Charged-particle EDMs with Storage Rings 27.11.2012 | Hans Ströher Seminar Cracow 2012.

Documents

susy energy slide

fm slide

cp slide

proton slide

precision search

decay slide

realization precursor

physics fundamental