Mineral and Rocks Test Review

Minerals and Rocks Test Minerals and Rocks Test ReviewReview

Question 1Question 1

What does inorganic mean?What does inorganic mean?

Answer 1Answer 1

Something that does not arise from once Something that does not arise from once living things; not from the remains of living things; not from the remains of plants or animalsplants or animals

Question 2Question 2

What is cleavage?What is cleavage?

Answer 2Answer 2

The way a mineral breaks in straight lines; The way a mineral breaks in straight lines; a regular pattern that can be determineda regular pattern that can be determined

Question 3Question 3

True or False: The faster the magma True or False: The faster the magma cools, the larger the mineral crystals will cools, the larger the mineral crystals will form.form.

Answer 3Answer 3

False; smaller crystals would formFalse; smaller crystals would form

Question 4Question 4

What does it mean when we say a mineral What does it mean when we say a mineral always contains certain elements in always contains certain elements in definite proportions?definite proportions?

Answer 4Answer 4

It has a definite chemical compositionIt has a definite chemical composition

Question 5Question 5

Why is coal not a mineral?Why is coal not a mineral?

Answer 5Answer 5

It is made from the remains of plants and It is made from the remains of plants and animalsanimals

Question 6Question 6

Magma that cools deep within the Earth Magma that cools deep within the Earth forms minerals with what type of crystals?forms minerals with what type of crystals?

Answer 6Answer 6

LargeLarge

Question 7Question 7

A solid mixture of two or metal is a what?A solid mixture of two or metal is a what?

Answer 7Answer 7

AlloyAlloy

Question 8Question 8

Earthmoving equipment strips away soil to Earthmoving equipment strips away soil to expose ore in what type of mining?expose ore in what type of mining?

Answer 8Answer 8

Strip miningStrip mining

Question 9Question 9

What is the softest mineral on the Mohs What is the softest mineral on the Mohs hardness scale?hardness scale?

Answer 9Answer 9

TalcTalc

Question 10Question 10

Why are metals useful as tools?Why are metals useful as tools?

Answer 10Answer 10

Because they can be shaped easily, but Because they can be shaped easily, but they are hardthey are hard

Question 11Question 11

Why are cement, brick, steel, and glass Why are cement, brick, steel, and glass not considered minerals?not considered minerals?

Answer 11Answer 11

Because they are man made (not naturally Because they are man made (not naturally occurring) occurring)

Question 12Question 12

What is the repeating pattern of a What is the repeating pattern of a mineral’s particles called?mineral’s particles called?

Answer 12Answer 12

A crystalA crystal

Question 13Question 13

What is the term used to describe how a What is the term used to describe how a mineral reflects light from its surface?mineral reflects light from its surface?

Answer 13Answer 13

LusterLuster

Question 14Question 14

What is the hardest known mineral?What is the hardest known mineral?

Answer 14Answer 14

DiamondDiamond

Question 15Question 15

Which type of mine often has a network of Which type of mine often has a network of tunnels that extend deep into the ground?tunnels that extend deep into the ground?

Answer 15Answer 15

Shaft mineShaft mine

Question 16Question 16

What is the color of a mineral’s powder What is the color of a mineral’s powder called?called?

Answer 16Answer 16

StreakStreak

Question 17Question 17

What is the term for a mineral that glows What is the term for a mineral that glows under ultraviolet light?under ultraviolet light?

Answer 17Answer 17

FluorescenceFluorescence

Question 18Question 18

What is a rock called that contains a metal What is a rock called that contains a metal or other economically useful mineral?or other economically useful mineral?

Answer 18Answer 18

An oreAn ore

Question 19Question 19

What type of mining involves digging a What type of mining involves digging a huge hole?huge hole?

Answer 19Answer 19

Open pit miningOpen pit mining

Question 20Question 20

True or false: The mineral quartz, which is True or false: The mineral quartz, which is found in sand, is used to make glass and found in sand, is used to make glass and electronic equipment.electronic equipment.

Answer 20Answer 20

TrueTrue

Question 21Question 21

What is a gemstone?What is a gemstone?

Answer 21Answer 21

A rare, hard, colorful mineral with a brilliant A rare, hard, colorful mineral with a brilliant or glassy luster or glassy luster

Question 22Question 22

What is a solid?What is a solid?

Answer 22Answer 22

A substance with a definite shape and A substance with a definite shape and definite volumedefinite volume

Question 23Question 23

What does it mean we say that a mineral What does it mean we say that a mineral must be naturally occurring?must be naturally occurring?

Answer 23Answer 23

It forms by the process that shapes the It forms by the process that shapes the Earth; it is not man madeEarth; it is not man made

Question 24Question 24

What are some of the special properties of What are some of the special properties of minerals?minerals?

Answer 24Answer 24

FluorescenceFluorescence Chemical ReactivityChemical Reactivity Electrical PropertiesElectrical Properties RadioactivityRadioactivity Double ImageDouble Image

Question 25Question 25

Why is color not the best way to identify a Why is color not the best way to identify a mineral?mineral?

Answer 25Answer 25

Because minerals like quartz can come in Because minerals like quartz can come in a variety of colors, and some minerals are a variety of colors, and some minerals are the same color as other minerals.the same color as other minerals.

Question 26Question 26

What is a mineral?What is a mineral?

Answer 26Answer 26

A solid, inorganic, crystalline solid, with a A solid, inorganic, crystalline solid, with a definite chemical make updefinite chemical make up

Question 27Question 27

True or False: Each major group of rocks True or False: Each major group of rocks only follows one pathway through the rock only follows one pathway through the rock cycle.cycle.

Answer 27Answer 27

FalseFalse

Question 28Question 28

What is a rock generally made up of?What is a rock generally made up of?

Answer 28Answer 28

Minerals and other materialsMinerals and other materials

Question 29Question 29

What type of rock forms from the cooling What type of rock forms from the cooling of lava above the ground or the cooling of of lava above the ground or the cooling of magma below the surface?magma below the surface?

Answer 29Answer 29

IgneousIgneous

Question 30Question 30

What is the process where dissolved What is the process where dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together?sediment together?

Answer 30Answer 30

CementationCementation

Question 31Question 31

Chalk formed from sediments made of Chalk formed from sediments made of skeletons of microscopic living things in skeletons of microscopic living things in the ocean must be what type of the ocean must be what type of sedimentary rock?sedimentary rock?

Answer 31Answer 31

Organic rockOrganic rock

Question 32Question 32

Heat and pressure deep within the Earth Heat and pressure deep within the Earth can change any type of rock into what?can change any type of rock into what?

Answer 32Answer 32

Metamorphic rock.Metamorphic rock.

Question 33Question 33

What does it mean if a metamorphic rock What does it mean if a metamorphic rock is nonfoliated?is nonfoliated?

Answer 33Answer 33

It does not have layers.It does not have layers.

Question 34Question 34

In the rock cycle, what type or types of In the rock cycle, what type or types of rocks can form sedimentary rocks?rocks can form sedimentary rocks?

Answer 34Answer 34

Any type of rockAny type of rock

Question 35Question 35

What is a sedimentary rock made up of What is a sedimentary rock made up of rounded fragments of other rocks called?rounded fragments of other rocks called?

Answer 35Answer 35

ConglomerateConglomerate

Question 36Question 36

True or false: Sandstone changing into True or false: Sandstone changing into quartzite is an example of the process that quartzite is an example of the process that forms sedimentary rocks.forms sedimentary rocks.

Answer 36Answer 36

FalseFalse

Question 37Question 37

True or false: The most common extrusive True or false: The most common extrusive rock is basalt.rock is basalt.

Answer 37Answer 37

TrueTrue

Question 38Question 38

How do geologists describe a rock’s How do geologists describe a rock’s texture?texture?

Answer 38Answer 38

The size, shape, and pattern of the rock’s The size, shape, and pattern of the rock’s grainsgrains

Question 39Question 39

A rock that cools very quickly when it A rock that cools very quickly when it forms will have what type of texture?forms will have what type of texture?

Answer 39Answer 39

Smooth and shiny with no visible grainSmooth and shiny with no visible grain

Question 40Question 40

Where do most metamorphic rocks form?Where do most metamorphic rocks form?

Answer 40Answer 40

Deep below the surface of the EarthDeep below the surface of the Earth

Question 41Question 41

What is the most abundant intrusive rock?What is the most abundant intrusive rock?

Answer 41Answer 41

GraniteGranite

Question 42Question 42

A sedimentary rock formed when rock A sedimentary rock formed when rock fragments squeeze together is called fragments squeeze together is called what?what?

Answer 42Answer 42

Clastic rockClastic rock

Question 43Question 43

How do geologists classify metamorphic How do geologists classify metamorphic rocks?rocks?

Answer 43Answer 43

By the arrangement of the grains that By the arrangement of the grains that make up the rockmake up the rock

Question 44Question 44

The series of processes on the Earth and The series of processes on the Earth and below the Earth’s surface that slowly below the Earth’s surface that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another is changes rocks from one kind to another is called what?called what?

Answer 44Answer 44

The rock cycleThe rock cycle

Question 45Question 45

True or false: Particles of a rock called True or false: Particles of a rock called grains give a rock its texture.grains give a rock its texture.

Answer 45Answer 45

TrueTrue

Question 46Question 46

True or false: Examples of True or false: Examples of clasticclastic rocks, rocks, which are made of particles of other rocks, which are made of particles of other rocks, include sandstone, shale, and breccia.include sandstone, shale, and breccia.

Answer 46Answer 46

TrueTrue

Question 47Question 47

When all the grains of a rock are large and When all the grains of a rock are large and easy to see, they are described as what?easy to see, they are described as what?

Answer 47Answer 47

Coarse-grainedCoarse-grained

Question 48Question 48

The process by which sediment settles out The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it is called of the water or wind carrying it is called what?what?

Answer 48Answer 48

DepositionDeposition

Question 49Question 49

True or false: Igneous rocks that formed True or false: Igneous rocks that formed beneath the Earth’s surface are extrusive beneath the Earth’s surface are extrusive rocks.rocks.

Answer 49Answer 49

FalseFalse

Question 50Question 50

What does foliated mean?What does foliated mean?

Answer 50Answer 50

When a metamorphic rock’s grains are When a metamorphic rock’s grains are arranged in parallel layersarranged in parallel layers