Micro-Encapsulation of Advanced Solvents for Post- Combustion Carbon Capture September 9, 2015 200 μm 3rd Post Combustion Capture Conference Joshuah K. Stolaroff 200 m LLNL‐PRES‐555917 This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE‐AC52‐07NA27344. Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC
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Micro-Encapsulation of Advanced Solvents for Post-Combustion Carbon Capture
September 9, 2015
200 µm
3rd Post Combustion Capture Conference
Joshuah K. Stolaroff
200 m
LLNL‐PRES‐555917This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE‐AC52‐07NA27344. Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC
New fabrication techniques can enable new materials and processes to achieve low-cost carbon capture. p p
2. Ionic Liquids: water intolerance, precipitate solids (PCIL’s)p p
NOHM hi h i it l 3. NOHMs: high viscosity, slow CO2 absorption.
4. CO2BOLs: poor heat transfer rates (high viscosity)(high viscosity).
Advanced solvents have some common advantages:• Lower energy of regeneration• Lower energy of regeneration• Low volatility• Tunability for innovative processes
and common problems:
• Tunability for innovative processes
• High viscosityW t i t l
…and common problems:
• Water intolerance• Phase changes
Sl h f f• Slow heat transfer or mass transfer• High solvent cost
→How can encapsulation help?
Microencapsulation: double emulsions are produced in a microfluidic device...
Control of capsule • Control of capsule diameter and shell thickness.
• Encapsulates ~100% of inner fluid
• Core fluid can also have solids
P d ti t • Production rate: 1-100 Hz
and then cured with UV …and then cured with UV light.
Micro-encapsulated Carbon Sorbents (MECS):Liquid solvents or slurries encased in thin, permeable polymer shells
• Multiple solvents, shell materials, and sizes produced
Microencapsulation enhances kinetics.
CO2 absorbs through h llshell
Surface area formed by capsule, not a tower
Embedded catalyst further enhances further enhances kinetics “Zn-Cyclen”
Microencapsulation enables mixed phases enables mixed phases and viscous solvents.
30 wt% Na2CO3 capsules exposed to CO2 precipitating Nacholite➞
Encapsulating slurry of glass bubbles⬇�
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Process options same as for solids:solids:• Fluidized bed
M i B d• Moving Bed• Fixed bed
Thermally regenerable for Thermally regenerable for many cycles (80 tested).
Capsule Production Scale-up
• Bulk emulsion methods exist, but yield a distribution of capsule properties.
• Two microfluidic production methods being pursued.
Some other manufacturing techniques under development at LLNL
Projection Microstereolithography (PµSL)A photochemical and optical technique
Direct Ink Writing (DIW)Utilizes unique flow and
gelling properties
development at LLNL
Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD)Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD)Electric fields transport nanoparticles
Some other manufacturing techniques under development at LLNL
Projection Microstereolithography (PµSL)A photochemical and optical technique
Direct Ink Writing (DIW)Utilizes flow andgelling properties
development at LLNL
200 µm
200 m
Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD)
Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD)Electric fields transport nanoparticles
5 m5 m
Core-shell Direct Ink Write
Printed tubes fill d i hfilled with carbonate solvent
Permeable packing material
f ti li d ith CO t l tfunctionalized with CO2 catalysts
→better surface area-to-volume and faster reaction in absorbers
Conclusion
Microencapsulation and other advanced manufacturing techniques can enable new solvents and sorbents, leading to more energy-efficient and
capital-efficient carbon capture system.
Project Team
Joshuah K Stolaroff John J Vericella Sarah E Baker Eric B Duoss Cheng Zhu William Joshuah K. Stolaroff, John J. Vericella, Sarah E. Baker, Eric B. Duoss, Cheng Zhu, William L. Smith, James S. Oakdale, Bill Bourcier, Christopher M. Spadaccini, and Roger D. Aines