The MERCATOR Quaterly Newsletter N°11 – October 2001 – Page 1 GIP Mercator Océan Oceanic transport through Atlantic straits Romain Bourdallé-Badie, Yann Drillet and Karine Béranger Introduction Straits play a special role in ocean circulation. They transform water masses, form currents and allow water to flow from one basin to another. In the North Atlantic and Mediterranean area simulated using the PSY2V1 analysis and forecasting system, there are numerous straits more or less determining large-scale circulation throughout the basin. This study focuses on straits in two areas: the Caribbean Sea, where the Gulf Stream is formed, and the North-East Atlantic where the North Atlantic bottom waters and Greenland current are formed. The present study is based on the transport of water masses computed by PSY2V1 from October 2001 to June 2003 after having divided up the areas into sections. We take a more detailed look at 2002. Numerical model PAM The PSY2V1 analysis and forecasting system implements Mercator’s PAM ocean model (a prototype covering the North Atlantic and Mediterranean), described in Mercator Newsletter No. 5 [Siefridt et al., 2001]. The PAM configuration was developed from version 8.1 of the OPA ocean model [Madec et al, 1998] using the physical parameters for the Clipper project [Tréguier et al., 2001]. The simulated area ranges from 9°N to 70°N in the Atlantic Ocean and covers all the Mediterranean Sea with a horizontal resolution of between 5 and 7 km. This study only used the free configuration of the PAM model for comparisons with PSY2V1. Transport through Caribbean straits Water transport around the islands is deduced from the stream function, which indicates barotropic transport through the straits. This study with PSY2v1 focuses on 2002, during the spin up to real time, started in October 2001. The study uses the model’s daily output.
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
The MERCATOR Quaterly Newsletter N°11 – October 2001 – Page 1GIP Mercator Océan
Oceanic transport through Atlantic straits Romain Bourdallé-Badie, Yann Drillet and Karine Béranger
Introduction
Straits play a special role in ocean circulation. They transform water masses, form currents and allow water to flow from one
basin to another. In the North Atlantic and Mediterranean area simulated using the PSY2V1 analysis and forecasting system,
there are numerous straits more or less determining large-scale circulation throughout the basin. This study focuses on straits in
two areas: the Caribbean Sea, where the Gulf Stream is formed, and the North-East Atlantic where the North Atlantic bottom
waters and Greenland current are formed. The present study is based on the transport of water masses computed by PSY2V1
from October 2001 to June 2003 after having divided up the areas into sections. We take a more detailed look at 2002.
Numerical model
PAM
The PSY2V1 analysis and forecasting system implements Mercator’s PAM ocean model (a prototype covering the North Atlantic
and Mediterranean), described in Mercator Newsletter No. 5 [Siefridt et al., 2001]. The PAM configuration was developed from
version 8.1 of the OPA ocean model [Madec et al, 1998] using the physical parameters for the Clipper project [Tréguier et al.,
2001]. The simulated area ranges from 9°N to 70°N in the Atlantic Ocean and covers all the Mediterranean Sea with a horizontal
resolution of between 5 and 7 km. This study only used the free configuration of the PAM model for comparisons with PSY2V1.
Transport through Caribbean straitsWater transport around the islands is deduced from the stream function, which indicates barotropic transport through the straits.
This study with PSY2v1 focuses on 2002, during the spin up to real time, started in October 2001. The study uses the model’s
daily output.
The MERCATOR Quaterly Newsletter N°11 – October 2001 – Page 2GIP Mercator Océan
Circulation in 2002 computed during the spin up to real time
The Florida current is the main contributor to the Gulf Stream, which is why it must be represented accurately. Measurements
give widely varying transport values ranging from 23 Sv in the Yucatan Channel (KANEC campaign [Candela et al, 2003]) to over
33 Sv in the Florida current (determined from voltage measurements using cables between Florida and the Bahamas,