Mental Disorders Impulse Disorders Depression/Anxiety Stress Management.

•Mental Disorders•Impulse Disorders•Depression/Anxiety •Stress Management

Illnesses that affect a person’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior

Causes of Mental DisordersPhysical Causes

• Drug use• Brain chemistry• Accidental injury• Heredity

Stressors

• Repeated emotionalstressors such as abuse

• Traumatic event

Diagnosable &

Treatable! Mild to severe

Mental Health Introduction Video

Reading: Metal Health Stigma

Loss of appetite

Neglect ofpersonal

appearanceNightmares

Difficulty sleeping

Hearing voices

Long-lasting feelings

of sadness

Anxiety Disorders - Extreme fears of real or imaginary situations that get in the way of normal activities.

Mood Disorder - A mental and emotional problem in which a person undergoes mood swings that seem extreme, inappropriate, or last a long time.

Eating Disorders - a group of serious conditions in which you're so preoccupied with food and weight that you can often focus on little else.

Phobias - are excessive or persistent fears of something that may or may not cause real danger.

Aerophobia- Fear of flying.

Arachnophobia- Fear of spiders

Dentophobia- Fear of dentists

Hemophobia- Fear of blood

Mysophobia- Fear of dirt and germs

Claustrophobia- Fear of closed-in spaces.

More common in woman

Exposure to the object or

situation brings intense anxiety.

Click: Phobia verse Fear

His Story!

Exposure: Gradually and repeatedly facing your fears one step at a time…

Step 1: Look at pictures of dogs.Step 2: Watch a video with dogs in it.Step 3: Look at a dog through a window.Step 4: Stand across the street from a dog on a leash.Step 5: Stand 5 feet away from a dog on a leash.Step 6: Stand beside a dog on a leash.Step 7: Pet a small dog that someone is holding.Step 8: Pet a larger dog on a leash.Step 9: Pet a larger dog off leash.

Learn relaxation techniques: Deep breathing

Self Help OR Therapy

Panic disorderPeople experience intense feelings of fear for a short time. The body prepares for fight or flight, even during an ordinary situation.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

This disorder is a reaction to a very traumatic event. People with PTSD often have bad memories of the event for a long time. (veterans)

Obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD)

A person with this disorder may feel that he or she must perform a certain activity, such as washing his her hands several times.

Anxiety Disorders - Extreme fears of real or imaginary situations that get in the way of normal activities

“For me, a panic attack is almost a violent experience. I feel disconnected from reality. I feel like I’m losing

control in a very extreme way. My heart pounds really hard, I feel like I can’t get my breath, and there’s an overwhelming feeling that things are crashing in on

me.”

Panic attacks can occur at any time,

even during sleep. An attack usually

peaks within 10 minutes, but some

symptoms may last much longer.

Some people’s lives become so restricted that they avoid normal activities, such as grocery shopping or driving.

Click here for video

Having frequent, upsetting thoughts called obsessions. To try to control the thoughts, you feel an overwhelming urge to repeat certain rituals or

behaviors. These are called compulsions.

Examples of obsessions are a fear of germs or a fear of being hurt. Compulsions include washing your hands, counting, checking on things, or cleaning. With OCD, the thoughts and rituals cause distress

and get in the way of your daily life.

Naomi’s Story

“The robbery happened the week before Thanksgiving, and I can’t believe the anxiety and fear I feel every year around the anniversary date. It’s as though I’ve seen a werewolf. I can’t

relax, can’t sleep, don’t want to be with anyone. I wonder whether I’ll ever be free of this terrible problem.”

Post-traumatic stress disorder develops after a

terrifying ordeal that involved physical harm or

the threat of physical harm. The person who

develops PTSD may have been the one who

was harmed, the harm may have happened to a

loved one, or the person may have witnessed a

harmful event that happened to loved ones or

strangers.

• war veterans• mugging • rape, • torture, • being kidnapped, • child abuse, • car accidents, • plane crashes,• natural disastersClick to see PTSD

Talk to a Family DoctorTaking MedicationsPsychotherapy (talking with a trained

mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist)

Self-help or Support Groups Stress Management Techniques

Depression

People with this disorder feel a strong sense of hopelessness, helplessness, worthlessness, guilt, and extreme sadness. If depressed people begin to feel hopeless, they may consider ending their lives.

Bipolar Disorder

Also called manic-depression, this disorder involves extreme mood swings for no apparent reason. A person with this disorder usually experiences alternating periods of excessive energy called mania and depression.

Mood swings happen mainly because of physical changes in the body, such as hormone levels, worries over the future, and concerns over a relationship.

* Mood swings are a normal part of growing up *

Mood Disorder - A mental and emotional problem in which a person undergoes mood swings that seem extreme, inappropriate, or last a long time.

Unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks.

Bipolar-mood shifts may occur only a few times a year, or as often as several times a day.

Can be treated with medication and counseling (psychotherapy)

Can be caused by seasonal changes in mood (manic in summer, depressed in winter)

More than 2 million Americans have dipolar disorder

It is a serious medical illness that involves changes the brain

Tends to run in families-but many people do not realize they have it

Sometimes the cause is not clear (unknown)

It CAN be treated! (medication-mood stabilizers)

Jenny’s Reasons: A story about Teen

Depression

•Everyone feels sad or down at times, however if it keeps you from carrying out everyday activities, it is considered depression.

•Lack of energy•Withdrawal from people•Loss of interest in activities•Loss of appetite or overeating•Too much or too little sleep•Feeling of helplessness/hopelessness

Symptoms

• The Life Change Index• Are you Vulnerable to

Stress?

Stress-The body’s response to real or imagined dangers or other life events

You cannot get rid of stress completely, but you can learn to deal with it effectively.

Stress is an everyday experience felt by all people at all ages.

Two types of stress are:

-Eustress: Positive Stress (helps you achieve something)

-Distress: Negative Stress (keeps you from daily activity)

POSITIVE:ExerciseListen to musicDraw/colorMeditateGo to a moviePlay a board gameHang out with

friends

NEGATIVE:SmokingDrugsOvereatingOversleepingIsolationSuppressing

emotionsSelf-harm

Define coping-How you deal with stress.

Find the source

Learn how to say “no”- too much on your plate and you don’t’ have enough time “say NO”

Avoid people who stress you out- limit the amount of time you spend with that person or end the relationship entirely.

Take control of your environment– If the news makes you anxious, turn the TV off. If you going to the store an unpleasant chore, do your shopping online.

Pare down your to-do list– Analyze your schedule/responsibilities/daily tasks. Distinguish between the “shoulds” and the “musts.” Drop tasks that aren’t truly necessary to the bottom of the list or eliminate them entirely.

Express your feelings instead of bottling them up- If something/someone is bothering you, communicate your concerns .If you don’t voice your feelings, the situation will likely remain the same.

Be willing to compromise- When you ask someone to change their behavior, be willing to do the same. If you both are willing to bend at least a little, you’ll have a good chance of finding a happy middle ground.

Be more assertive- Deal with problems head on. If you’ve got an test to study for and your chatty sibling just got home, say up front that you only have five minutes to talk.

Manage your time better- Poor time management can cause a lot of stress. When you’re stretched too thin and running behind, it’s hard to stay calm and focused. But if you plan ahead and make sure you don’t overextend yourself, you can alter the amount of stress you’re under.

Changing your Expectations and Attitude Reframe problems- Try to view stressful situations from a more

positive perspective. Rather than fuming about a traffic jam, look at it as an opportunity to pause and regroup, listen to your favorite radio station, or enjoy some alone time.

Look at the big picture- Ask yourself how important it will be in the long run. Will it matter in a month? A year? Is it really worth getting upset over?

Adjust your standards- Stop setting yourself up for failure by demanding perfection. Set reasonable standards for yourself and others, and learn to be okay with “good enough.”

Focus on the positive- When stress is getting you down, take a moment to reflect on all the things you appreciate in your life, including your own positive qualities and gifts.

Packet… Evaluate your Personal Stress

Make time for yourself! It’s good to evaluate your life now an then.

Time to De-Stress: Find something you like to do…

You can avoid some stressful situations by planning ahead

and managing your time.

You can deal with unavoidable stress by being prepared for situations like

taking a test.

Bulimia Involves cycles of overeating and purging.

Anorexia See themselves unrealistically as overweight even when they are dangerously thin. The fear of weight gain leads them to starve themselves.

Binge Eating Compulsive overeating

Anorexia has the highest death rate of all mental illnesses!

People with bulimia get rid

of the excess calories by

vomiting, abusing laxatives,

or obsessively exercising.

Eating disorders tend to peak during intense life changes, or between the ages of 13-20. (not always)

Cause of eating disorders is unknown, but the media plays a big part in it.

Frequent trips to the bathroom after meals.

Preoccupation with food and weight.

Excessive exercise.

Discoloration of the teeth.

Withdrawal from friends and activities.

Food rituals

Warning SignsTends to develop

during teenage years.

More common in girls

The cause is unknown,

however low self-esteem,

depression, and anxiety seems

to be a factor.

Treatable: medical care, medication, therapy, counseling

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Battling Eating Disorders

“A Healthy Dose of Reality” Create two class posters

1.Search the Internet or magazines for several images that you think promote unhealthy eating habits or a starved or unhealthy appearance.

2.Find images that represent the opposite: Good nutrition and healthy bodies.

Suicide-The act of killing oneself

If you believe that someone you know is considering suicide, talk to a trusted adult right away.

Warning Signs of Suicide•Talking about suicide •Wanting to be left alone

•Interest in death or violence

•Engaging in risky behavior, such as drug use

•Giving away possessions

•Saying final goodbyes to friends and loved ones

•Giving things away

A Suicide Awareness Quiz

In the Mix Activity

Listen to your friend's feelings.

Be direct about the situation: "Are you considering suicide? Do you have a plan? Will you talk to someone who will help?"

Get help from: hospital, family physician, counselors, clergy, teacher, advisor, psychiatrist, etc. Take them to the person, if possible.

Call 911 if danger is immediate. (Never swear to secrecy; your friend might get mad at you, but they will be alive!)

Mental illness is treatable and may be cured with the help of counseling (individual, family, group),

and medication, if needed.

By having a support system, participating in therapy, taking medication as directed, and making healthy choices, a person has the best chance in

dealing with their mental health needs.

If you or someone you know is struggling with depression or any other mental illness, call

the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-TALK

• You have been asked by Mrs. Pruttit to create a brochure relating to Mental Health Disorders.

• Your role is to develop a brochure to help other students become more aware of various types of Mental Disorders such as…

•Mood Disorders- Depression, Bi-Polar Disorder•Anxiety- Panic Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder•Eating Disorders- Bulimia, Anorexia, Binge Eating•Phobias•Other (mental disorders that we did not cover in class)

Follow the Rubric!