F0T0GRAFI Describe the multimedia
May 10, 2015
F0T0GRAFI
Describe the multimedia
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Basic Understanding
Photography (Photography): Greek.Photos: LightGraphien: DrawingPhotography: drawing objects by using
light.
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Camera Work Principle
Light into the camera through the lens. Objects to be captured image can be seen in
the viewfinder. In light of the analog camera is used to burn
the movie. In the digital camera light that is received by
the sensor is then converted into digital data. The data is then stored on storage media such as SD card, CF, MMC, etc..
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Camera types
1. Pocket CameraPoint and Shoot
camera.Small and practical
dimensions.Facilities: zoom, swivel
LCD, Video, etc..
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Camera types
2. SLRSingle Lens Reflex: prevent paralax effect.Parameter setting:Shutter Speed - Shutter speed.Aperture - Aperture Diaphragm.FocusHas many facilities: Various types of lenses,
filters, etc..
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Camera types
Example SLR Camera:
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Camera types
3. Range FinderPoint and Shoot
camera, fixed lens.Setting: Shutter
Speed, Aperture and Focus.
Can use a filter.
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Camera types
4. Medium FormatSimilar film SLR but larger
(120 mm)Usually used for shooting
still life (it does not move), for the purposes of advertising and magazine businesses that require large images.
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Camera types
5. Large Format CameraCalled the view camera. Film 4x5 inch or 8x10 inch.Used for print media with very large size with very
good quality.Generally used for special purposes, such as aerial
photographs and architectural photographs with a short distance without causing distortion.
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Camera types
Examples of Large Format Camera:
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Camera types
6. Instant CameraSuperior in speed to
produce an image.No need to wash the film
print.Does not have cliches
that can not be reprinted.
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Camera Accessories
1. LensesThe lens is the tip of the spear of the
camera, well at least captured images depends on the quality of the lens.
The sharpness of detail, contrast and color quality is strongly influenced by the quality of the lens.
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Camera Lenses
a. Standard lensCalled a standard lens because it has a
focus lens in accordance with the human eye.
Lens perspective is similar to the human eye point of view, so do not keep objects or close objects.
Focus on the standard lens is 50 mm.
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Camera Lenses
Standard lens 50 mm f/1.8
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Camera Lenses
b. Wide Angle LensesWide-angle lens is called the Wide Angle
Lens.Can capture more objects.By using this lens is the object becomes
more distant and smaller.The focus on this lens is 17 mm, 20mm,
24mm, 28mm and 35mm.
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Camera Lenses
Lensa Wide Angle 35 mm f/2
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Camera Lenses
c. Fish EyesFish eye lens is also called Fish Eye Lens.The shape of this lens which has a highly
convex surface like fish eyes bulging chef.Having such a focal point short of 14 mm, 15
mm or 16 mm.
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Camera Lenses
Fish Eye lens 14 mm f/2.8
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Camera Lenses
d. Tele LensesThis lens can capture and bring the object
distance.By using a telephoto lens objects can be
seen that much closer.Imagine if you have pictures of lions from a
distance of 2 meters for only using a standard lens.
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Camera Lenses
Tele Lenses 300mm f/2.8
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Camera Lenses
e. Zoom lensA zoom lens is a lens that is very popular because
of practicality.By having a zoom lens is the equivalent of a few
lenses, because the ability of this lens that can change the focal point.
Size varies as a zoom lens 28-80mm, 35-70, 80-200mm, 70-300mm.
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Camera Lenses
Zoom lens 70-300mm f/3.5-f/5.6.
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Tripod
Tripod or can be referred to as three legs, is a tool that serves to restrain the vibration on the camera.
Fotopun will stay sharp and beautiful even if using a slow speed.
In addition Monopod Tripod has a function similar to a tripod, but only has one leg so we still have to keep holding it.
Monopod only vertically to avoid vibrations.
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Tripod
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Filter
Filter mounted on the front of the lens, made of high quality glass.
In the world of photography there are a variety of filter types, from which only serves to embellish the image, to which can provide special effects to photos.
One filter is recommended to be installed in the camera is type A1 Skylight or UV. In addition to protecting the lens from scratches, since these filters are neutral in nature and does not alter the original color.
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Filter
Example Filter:Polarizing: sky color effects become more
intense and the color of the water surface becomes more clear.
Diffusion or called Soft Focus soft effect on the image, this filter is used when shooting closeup.
Cross Screen which gives effect to the light stars.
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Filter
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Blitz
Flash, Flash or people usually called Blitz, is a tool that can provide artificial light.
Used when shooting at less light conditions, like in the room, in the dark, at night.
Blitz can also be used in place of the light with a specific purpose.
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Blitz
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Using Camera
Equipment used:Nikon D80 camera.Zoom lens.Camera Battery.Secure Digital (SD) Card.
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Using Camera
Practice Procedure:Install the zoom lens.Install the battery.Install the SD Card.Basic Camera Operation.
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SCIENCE PHOTOGRAPHY
Adjust the light intensity by changing:1. combination of ISO / ASA (ISO Speed)2. Diaphragm (Aperture)3. Shutter speed (Speed). The combination of ISO,
Diaphragms & Speed hereinafter referred to as Exposure (Exposure) In the era of digital
photography where the film is not used, then the original film speed in use evolved into Digital ISO
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History of Photography Discovery
In the 10th century, Ibn al Haitam In the 15th abd, Leonardo da Vinci (1727) Heinrich Schulze studied the light (1802) Thomas Wedgwood find the same thing
too 1826 Joseph Nicéphore Niépce find a permanent
black color Louis Daguerre, Joseph went on trial Nicéphore Louis Daguerre struggle to produce a first image
in human history.
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DIFFERENCES AND PRINCIPLES
The difference between analog and digital cameras differ only in the recording media and a few other instruments
Principle photography is essentially a light, an understanding of the sensitivity to light, and composition of light
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History of Photography Discovery
In the 15th century, Leonardo's use of natural phenomena, namely:
Camera Obscura
Camera = roomObscura = darkthe form of a dark room with one wall there is
a hole
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Camera development
Camera development in various fields of
CinematographyEducationMedicaland even to the field of defense and
security systems
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Camera Types
Some types of camera
Pocket / Compact
Rangefinder
Viewfinder
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Principle
Principle photography is memokuskan refraction of light with the help of a medium that can burn the light catcher. Medium that had been burned to the size of the right light luminitas be identical with menghailkan shadows into the light refracting medium (hereinafter referred to as the lens).
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Film Types
Meanwhile, by type, the film is divided into five kinds, namely: * a negative film in black and white negative film color * * color positive film (reversal / color slides) * X-ray Film * instant film
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Kinds Sensitivity To Light
Based on the level of sensitivity to light, the film is divided into four types, namely:
The film with the sensitivity level of the slow * Film sensitivity level is * Films with a high sensitivity level * Films with very high sensitivity level
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Camera Types
1. Pocket / compact. Pocket camera. Popular for ordinary people, simple and easy to operate. Using 35mm film format.
2. Rangefinder. Range finder camera. Small, at first glance like a pocket camera. The difference is, this camera has a mechanism fokusing (hence called Rangefinder). Generally use 35mm film format.
3. SLR, Single Lens Reflex. Single lens reflex camera. Popular among professionals, amateurs and hobbyists. Generally have replaceable lenses. Using 35mm film format. Also called the camera system.
4. TLR, Twin Lens Reflex. Double lens reflex camera. Usually use medium format.
5. Viewfinder. Usually use medium format.6. The camera manual and automatic cameras.
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6. Consumer. Pocket camera, cheap, easy to use. The lens can not be replaced. Most have only fully-automatic
mode. Just point and shoot. Some, like the Canon A series, has a manual mode.
7. Prosumer. SLR-like, high prices. The lens can not be replaced. Shooting Mode manually and auto.
8. DSLR. Digital SLR. Lens, the eye of the camera, in general determines the
resulting image quality lens has 2 important properties of focal length and maximum aperture
9. Digital camera. Using a digital sensor instead of film.
Camera Types
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EXAMPLES OF TYPES OF CAMERA
OBSUCURA KAMERA
year: 1680
Function: new first reflex camera functions to draw.
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Mammoth Camera
Year: 1900
Size: 1400 Pound
Lens Weight: 500 Pounds
EXAMPLES OF TYPES OF CAMERA
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EXAMPLES OF TYPES OF CAMERA
SINGLE CAMERA lens reflex (SLR)
Boom years: 1950-2010
Advantages: can see the object through the same camera just like the picture.
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Tips-Tips basis in Photography
1. Maximize Depth of Field (DoF)2. Use a tripod and cable release3. Find the focal point or focus point4. Find Foreground (FG)6. Find the Line / Lines / Pattern7. Capture moment & movement8. Working together with nature or the
weather9. Golden Hours & Blue days
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Tips-Tips basis in Photography
1. Maximize Depth of Field (DoF)
An approach to the normal concept of a landscape photography is "sharply from the foot to the end of the horizon".
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2. Use a tripod and cable release
As a result of increasingly wide DOF resulting in increasing length of exposure, need a tripod for long exposure to ensure that the resulting image sharp. Cable release will also be very helpful. If the camera has a facility for mirror-lock up, then the facility can also be used to avoid micro-shake from the mirror at the beginning of tapping.
Tips-Tips basis in photography
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3. Find the focal point or focus point
Point of focus here is not the point where the focus of the camera is placed, but rather a point where the eyes will be fixed first (eye-contact) at the sight, focus point, or more often mistakenly called POI (Point of Interest).
Tips-Tips basis in photography
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•Focal point in the example image below is the• the left side of the boat people•Focal point is the sun in danpantulannya• fields.
Sample retrieval Focal Point
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* Focal point is a farmer and buffalo.
Sample retrieval Focal Point
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4. Find Foreground (FG)
Foreground can be a focal point becomes even POI (Point of Interest) in a landscape photo anda.Oleh therefore seek a strong FG. Sometimes a good FG determine the "success" at least a landscape photograph, no matter how dasyatnya sky as itu.Sebuah object or pattern in the FG can create "a sense of scale" of our landscape photographs.
Tips-Tips basis in photography
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•FG, from the boat, the grass to rock & starfish
Sample Image Foreground
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6. Find the Line / Lines / Pattern
A line or pattern can create / become the focal eye that will lead to further your landscape photos mengexplore. Sometimes leading lines or patterns that can even be a POI from the image. Line or pattern can be anything, a row of trees, shadow, line the street, stairs, by the lake / sea, etc..
Tips-Tips basis in photography
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7. Capture moment & movement
Photo of landscape does not have to provide a portrait of a bird's-eye view, but an isolated detail, both the static object and dynamically moving reply, could become a subject of a landscape photograph.
Tips-Tips basis in photography
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Only by doing frequent hunting or photo trip, we'll get used to seeing lines? Shape and pattern are sometimes masked or blended with nature or the environment. Angle and composition can strengthen a leading lines or shapes that exist.
Photo left: linesFoto right: pattern
Sample Line / Lines / PatternSumbangkan terjemahan yang lebih baik
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8. Working together with nature or the weather
A scene can be changed very quickly. Therefore, to determine when the best time to photograph is very important. In addition to patience in the "wait" moment, the readiness of equipment settings and carefulness in the search object and the Focal Point as a cloud, ROL (ray of light), rainbows, fog, etc..
Tips-Tips basis in photograph
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9. Golden Hours & Blue days
Golden hours are the time, usually 1-2 hours before sunset (sunset) until 30 minutes before sunset, and 1-3 hours after sunrise, where the "golden light" or the sun will make the color that keemasaan at object.Selain, when golden hours will also create a shadow on the object, be it a tree, or person to be able to be a long and leading lines.
Tips-Tips basis in photography
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Sunrise
Examples photo
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Before Sunset
Examples photo
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Golden Hours
Examples photo
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BlueHours
Examples photo
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Understanding Photographic
Mendeskripsikan tentang photografi
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Light in Photographic
PHOTOGRAPHY then developed very quickly.
Not only heliografi
The discovery of artificial light in photography school.
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Light in Photographic
Light in photography example
X-rayspotlightsalso the flash (blits)Strobe lightsInfrared rays
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Camera Function
CAMERA is a tool that serves to
Catchperpetuate the image / image.
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Camera Types
And there will be more camera types that appear in line with the times
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camera
Bagian-bagian Kamera secara garis besar
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LIGHTING
Lighting (exposure), including the art or technique to find the balance of the amount of light (volume) through a lens and how long it takes to produce images
Measuring tool is the light intensity lightmeterAs for seeking a balance of light of different
combinations of conditions, the diaphragm and the shutter on the camera
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PENCAHAYAAN
Condition Diafragma Shutter speed
The sky was cloudless f/16
1/ASA (ISO)Cloudy f/11
White sky (Overcast) f/8
Objects in the shadow f/5,6
NB: shutter speed (set in the camera) in accordance with ASA / ISO film used yan
Tabel 1.1
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Photography techniques
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1.Automatic 1.Flash2.Efek "red eye"3.White 3.Area4.Size 4.Foto5.Slow 5.Reaksi6.Rear 6.Latar7.Foto dimensionless8.Jari in Lens9.Ekspresi Face10.Jarak Too Far11.Warna CalmGross 12.Sensor
Photography techniques
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Photography techniques
1. Automatic Flash
The point here is camera flash, camera flash where the light is designed for shooting in the room is less light, so that the flash image quality will be
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Photography techniques
2.Efek "red eye"
Red eye picture here is not in our image because of lack of sleep but a bolt of lightning light parallel to the direction of
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Photography techniques
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Photography techniques
3.White Area
The camera changed the color of light snow or other objects into the gray and white, so the camera will capture images to be bright and will make a white uniform becomes very light.
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Photography techniques
4. Size Foto
There are two ways to create a small file, do not reduce dimension (panjag & width) image because it will reduce the number of small images pixel.Dimensi also not good to be printed in large sizes, so use a maximum image size, quality kurangin course.
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Photography techniques
5. Slow Reaksi
Sports, animals, small children are the object image immortalized rada hard, with a place yourself in the right position and then shoot the target, then press half a key to lock the focus, now wait for the right moment and press management as keeping track of the object.
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Photography techniques
6. Background
When photographing the face of the background note, avoid background colorful or semerawut images, which causes less prominent facial images, may be precisely the background that becomes prominent, so try to avoid it
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Photography techniques
7.Foto dimensionless
Self portrait (portrait), which was photographed in the normal way, appeared generally less powerful dimension and was flat-flat, when you approach the model's nose, drawing a big nose instead of the proportion of face and activate seharusnya.Mundurlah Aim zoom and face to fill the frame.
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Photography techniques
8. Finger on Lens
Do not forget before the first open door photographing lens cover, if not do not expect to be photographed, but even if your fingers covered the lens, but still can take pictures .. this happened on a pocket camera that is small, big-armed you will be hard to hold it, hold the camera with two his left hand gripping tustel from above and below, not the front and rear.
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Photography techniques
9.Ekspresi Face
In order to photograph the face during the day did not contain a dark shadow, pose face light coming towards the model, the problem tends to make sun glare models, could be a model eye to constrict the solution go a bit shady place and point the view that place the model, color photos would be better than previously.
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Photography techniques
10. Distance Too Far
This is often experienced amateur photographers, the object is too small cameras aimed too far, even though the human eye kasih.objek select less prominent eyes will look normal, so use the optical zoom lens Aim only at the most interesting objects.
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Photography techniques
11. Color Calm
White Balance normalize the color, white balance capability unfortunately white balance settings terbatas.Ganti the Clouds to the image appear to be more inda.Ketika photographed area of the image, set the white balance to make the sky a shade of blue.
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Photography techniques
12. Dirty Sensor
Dirt can be cleaned this way:1.Lewat digital image programs, such as
adobe photoshop 2.Gantilah lenses if necessary 3.Membawa place the camera to the service maximum cleaning results
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The Hrus Avoid
Avoid challenging shooting the sun. That is, the subject is facing the image of light sources to image the light produced. If otherwise, the subject will appear dark, while other areas outside the subject will be lit. These results can be analogous to the solar atmosphere. Indeed, photography techniques against the light, or often called silhouette, often selected the photographers.
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Sample Do not dare the sun
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Avoid digital zoom
Many bagunan-bagunan interesting to photograph. Avoid using the digital zoom. Use optical zoom only.
The use of digital zoom may result in broken images, or apparent pikselnya boxes.
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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Photography with Photoshop
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