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anotacianaSromSi ganzogadebulia qarTuli da
saerTaSoriso ekonomikuri azris gamocdileba globalizaciis
aqtualuri sakiTxebis kvlevasTan dakavSirebiT.
dRevandel pirobebSi, saqarTvelos ekonomikas mniSvnelovanwilad
faruli, saerTaSoriso monopoliebi azianeben, kvlevaSi Catarebulia
mravalfaqtoruli analizi arakeTilsindisieri monopoliebis gamovlenasa
da maT sawinaaRmdegod gasatarebeli meqanizmebis operatiuli
amoqmedebisaTvis.
arakeTilsindisieri monopoliebi xSir SemTxvevaSi cdiloben
xarisxis SeniRbuli gauaresebis xarjze moaxdinon momxmareblis
SecdomaSi Seyvana da monopoliuri mogebis miReba.
Cemi azriT, kompetenciis Sesabamisad, mTa vrobis moqmedi
ekonomikuri struqturebis farglebSi (ekonomikisa da mdgradi
ganviTarebis saministro, finansTa saministro, antimonopoliuri
samsaxuri, konkurenciis saagento, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento)
aucilebelia mobiluri qveganyofilebebis amoqmedeba, romlebic yoveli
dargisa da qvedargis (gansakuTrebiT adgilobriv upiratesobaTa
gamosayeneblad.) TaviseburebaTa SeswavliT, gansazRvraven xarisxis
deformaciebsa da normebs adgilobrivi bazris dasacavad.
sakvanZo sityvebi: globalizacia, konk urencia, efeqturi
zrda.
GLOBALABSTRACTIn my work is generalized Georgian and inter-
national economical experiences actual issues, in researches.
Nowadays, when the Georgian econ-omy is noticeably damaged by the
international monopolies, the researches are analyzed to reveal the
unconscientiously monopolies and we set in motion the working
innovations. The dangerous monopolies often try to betray the
consumers and beat the opponents in order to win the
monopolies.
In my opinion, under the governmental eco-nomical structures
such as: ministry of economy, the ministry of finance, antimonopoly
service, the agency of state purchase. It’s important to activate
and subfields especially to use the local advantages with as
peculiarities and they’ll define the norms to defend the local
markets.
Keywords: globalization, competition, effective growth.
ekonomikuri konkurencia ekonomikis efe qturi zrdis aucilebeli
pirobaa, konkurencia garkveulwilad abalansebs qveynis ekonomikas.
marTalia, konkurencia adamianis nebisagan damoukideblad Cndeba da
moqmedebs, Tumca adamians SeuZlia daabrkolos, saerTod SeaCeros misi
efeqtebi an sayovelTao globalizaciis pirobebSi racionaluri, zomieri
konkurenciis gziT miiRos maqsimaluri efeqti misgan. amisTvsis ki
aucilebelia konkurenciis dacva, xelSewyoba, ganviTareba. amitomac,
msof
globalizacia, konkurencia da Tanamedrove
biznesis perspeqtivebi
Tamar TalakvaZesaqarTvelos teqnikuriuniversitetis doqtoranti
saqarTvelo, Tbilisi
GLOBAIZATION, COMPETITION AND PERSPECTIVE OF MODERN BUSINESS
TAMAR TALAKVADZE
Doctoral student of Georgian Technical
University. Georgia, Tbilisi.
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lios ganviTarebul saxelmwifoTa upirveles amocanas warmoadgens
samarTlebrivi regulirebis iseTi meqanizmebis SemuSaveba, romlebic
uzrunvelyofen bazarze dominirebuli ekonomikuri agentebis mxridan
Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis faqtebis gamovlenasa da prevencias
da keTilsindisieri konkurenciis maqsimalur xelSewyobas.
Cemi azriT, konkurencia aucilebelia ganvixiloT globalur WrilSi
vinaidan Tanamedrove firmebi mraval bazarze erTdroulad saqmianoben,
risTvisac maT esaWiroebaT konkurenciis Sesaxeb farTo warmodgena da
mis safuZvelze konkurentuli upiratesobis mopovebis gzebis dadgena
mudmivad dinamikur garemoSi.
teqnologiurma cvlilebebma socialurma,ekonomikurma da politikurma
movlenebma ukanasknel aTwleulebSi msoflio miiyvana mdgomareobamde,
romelsac SeiZleba globaluri vuwodoT. esaa erTgvarovani,
samomxmareblo gemovnebisa da moTxovnilebebis TvalsazrisiT
unificirebuli bazari. ZiriTadad, bazrebis konvergenciiT sargebloben
globaluri organizaciebi, romlebic globalur doneze awarmoeben
satandartizebul saqonelsa da momsaxurebas masStabis ekonomiis
miRwevis mizniT, ris Sedegadac maT SeuZliaT SeinarCunon ufro dabali
fasebi mxolod erovnul doneze orientirebul konkurentebTan SedarebiT.
amgvarad, globaluri strategia unda efuZnebodes saqonlis,
brendingisa da sareklamo politikis standartizacias.
saqarTvelos ekonomikuri globalizaciis mixedviT me19 adgili
ukavia msoflioSi, rac ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis maRal dones asaxavs.
zemoaRniSnuli, qveynis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis im inerciis wyaroa,
romelic 2010 wlidan gvaqvs da TandaTanobiT imatebs. me mainc
mimaCnia, rom saqarTvelos maRali pozicia ufro ekonomikuri
ganviTarebis perspeqtivis amsaxvelia, vidre miRweuli donis.
saqarTvelos biznesgaremoSi Cadebulia is saZirkveli, ramac
SeiZleba qveyana swrafad aqcios ganviTarebuli ekonomikis
mqone, maRalSemosavlian qveynad. Tumca, amisaTvis, saWiroa ara
am inerciis bolomde amowurva, aramed axali reformebis gatareba da
xarvezebis gamosworeba. ucxouri produqciis, kapitalisa da samuSao
Zalis Semosvlis Seferxebis mcdelobebi saqarTvelosTvis cudad
dasruldeba.
globalizaciis indeqsis mixedviT iseTi didi ekonomikis mqone
qveynebi rogorebic magaliTad didi Svidianis qveynebia:
safrangeTi–85,7 (me–20adgili) germania(27–e adgiili)–85,9 da
aSS(34–e adgili)–74,8 . ar arian maRal poziciebze, Tumca aRniSnul
qveynebSi erT sul mosaxleze Semosavali maRalia. es aixsneba imiT,
rom maTi ekonomikuri ganviTarebisTvis ar aris aucilebeli
ekonomikuri globalizaciis maRali done, radgan aqvT didi Sida bazari
da mniSvnelovani moculobis Sida kapitali. samagierod, ver vnaxavT
patara qveyanas, sadac erT sul mosaxleze Semosavali maRalia da
ekonomikuri globalizaciis indeqsSi dabali pozicia uWiravs.
saerTaSoriso vaWroba, ucxouri kapitali da samuSao Zalis migracia
iqca patara, bunebrivi resursebiT Raribi qveynebis ganviTarebis
aucilebel pirobad.
saqarTvelom globalizaciis indeqsSi swrafi aRmasvla 2006 wlidan
daiwyo, rac 20042007 wlebSi gatarebuli reformebis Sedegi iyo.
aRniSnul wlebSi Caeyara safuZveli saqarTvelos dRevandel
biznesgaremos, romelmac gauZlo oms, ekonomikur kriziss, politikur
krizisebs da, faqtobrivad, uwyvet rusul agresias. aRniSnul
gamowvevebs emateboda kerZo sakuTrebis uflebebis dacvasa da
sasamarTlo sistemaSi arsebuli problemebi. am fonze, paradoqsulia,
rogor viTardeba dRemde saqarTvelos ekonomika, romlis zrdac,
marTalia, bolo wlebSi (20132015) Senelda, magram saSualod 4%ian
niSnuls mainc aRwevs.
es paradoqsi aixsneba swored qveynis ekonomikuri globalizaciis
maRali doniT, rasac sagadasaxado liberalizaciiT, liberaluri
saerTaSoriso vaWrobis politikiT, biznesis warmoebaze, ucxour
kapitalze, samuSao Zalasa da turizmze regu
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laciebis SemcirebiT, biurokratiuli procedurebis gamartivebiT,
korufciis donis mniSvnelovnad SemcirebiT mivaRwieT.
globalizaciis maRali done niSnavs, rom saqarTvelos ekonomika ar
aris 70 aTas kvadratuli kilometris farTobze Caketili da 4.5 milioni
adamianis saqmianobiT Semofargluli. iseve, rogorc estoneTis
ekonomika (me8 adgili ekonomikuri globalizaciis indeqsSi) ar aris
mxolod 45 aTasi kv.km.iTa da 1.3 milioni adamianis saqmianobiT
SemosazRvruli da irlandiis ekonomika (me2 adgili amave indeqsSi) ar
aris mxolod 84 aTasi kv.km. farTobisa da 6 milioni adamianis
imedad.
ekonomikuri globalizaciis sakiTxSi warmatebuli nabijebis
gadadgmiT qveynis damwyeb biznesmenebsac eZlevaT perspetiva sakuTar
qveyanaSi akeTon Semosavliani biznesi. amasTan aucileblad mimaCnia
ganxorcieldes konkurenciis xelSewyoba, ,,faruli monopoliebis’’
mkacri monitoringi da dezorientacia. globalizebis eraSi, metwilad
Caketili lokaluri biznesis moqmedebis areali TandaTan qreba,
vinaidan, internetma msoflio bazari erTian did organizmad aqcia da
saerTaSoriso konkurencia dedamiwis yvela wertilSi aRwevs.
davesesxebi Cems mentors baton revaz lorTqifaniZes da mogaxsenebT
rom, Tu lokaluri bazrebis pirobebSi araprofesionalizmi da e.w.
Cawyoba–nacnoboba garkveulwilad “Wrida” marTvaSic, amjerad,
ordinaruli araprofesionalizmi menejmentSi sul ufro mniSvnelovan fuW
danakargebsa da saerTo CamorCenas daukavSirdeba.
ekonomikuri globalizaciis maRal dones erTi nakli aqvs: aseT
ekonomikaze gavlenas ufro metad msoflio ekonomikuri krizisebi
axdens, radgan qveyana mniSvnelovnad aris damokidebuli sxva
qveynebis ekonomikur warmatebebze Tu warumateblobebze. es nakli
antiglobalistebis sayvareli Temaa. Tumca praqtika gviCvenebs, rom
krizisisgan miyenebuli ziani naklebia, vidre globalizaciis mier
motanili ekonomikuri sargebeli. amis magaliTi iyo Tundac
saqarTvelos swrafi
ekonomikuri zrdis tempi 20052007 wlebSi (saSualod 10%), romelic
bevrad aRemateboda 2009 wlis 4%ian vardnas.
globalizebad garemoSi Tanamedrove bizness ganviTarebis meti
perspeqtiva aqvs gasaTvaliswinebelia is proeqtebi romlebsac
saxelmwifo da komerciuli bankebi axorcieleben biznesis xelSewyobis
kuTxiT. magaliTisTvis moviyvan startapis programas romlis mizania
damwyeb biznesmenTa mxardaWera raTa maT siaxleebze orientirebuli
biznes ideebi ganaxorcielon, sakuTari biznesi daiwyon da sxvebic
daasaqmon. proeqtis mizania inovaciuri startap ideebis saSualebiT
saqarTvelo moiniSnos msoflios globalur rukaze, rogorc inovaciuri
biznesis warmoebis erTerTi mTavari epicentri.
saqarTvelos inovaciebisa da teqnologiebis saagentom gasuli wlis
agvistoSi mniSvnelovani saxsrebi gaiRo , 11milioni laris odenobiT
,rac Zalian mniSvnelovania, saxelmwifom xeli Seuwyo aseTi
maRalteqnologiuri proeqtebis msoflio bazarze gatanas, amasTan,
daexmara warmatebul kompaniebs Semdgomi dafinansebis mosapoveblad
da gasaviTareblad awarmoon aqtiuri komunikacia investorebTan da
dainteresebul pirebTan.
exla startapis sakiTxs odnav ganvavrcob saqarTveloSi, termini
,,startapi’’ sul cota xnis win gaxda aqtualuri. investorebi
dafiqrdnen, rom biznesis keTebis tradiciuli formebi msoflioSi
icvleba da saWiroa am tendenciis droulad gaTaviseba. inovaciuri
biznes ideebis mflobelebic mixvdnen, rom mxolod idea materialur
sargebels ver moitans. imisTvis, rom idea ganxorcieldes, saWiroa
investicia. moTxovnis gaCenam, warmoSva mravali erTeuli,
inkubatorebi da saSuamavlo servisebi, romelic akavSirebs momTxovnsa
da mimwodebels, ideis avtorsa da investors. startap ideis mqone
adamianisTvis, msgavsi SeTavazeba SesaZloa cxovrebaSi yvelaze
mniSvnelovani nabijis gadadgmis SesaZlebloba gaxdes. ideis arseboba
warmatebisTvis arasakmarisi pirobaa. misi realizebi
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sTvis nabijebis gadadgmaa saWiro. araerTi warmatebis istoria
unda gaxdes biZgi imisTvis rom inovatorebi darwmundnen, ar Rirs
damsaqmeblis mudmivad lodini, TviTdasaqmebis perspeqtiva
saqarTveloSi ukve arsebobs.
is, rom saqarTvelo patara qveyanaa, startap biznesisTvis
piriqiT, xelsayrelia. did qveynebSi Seqmnil bizness uWirs lokaluri
sivrcidan Tavis daRweva da manam sanam moicavs mTels bazars,
ganviTarebis temps anelebs. patara qveynebSi startapebis procentuli
Tanafardoba erT sul mosaxlesTan mimarTebaSi, 23jer maRalia.
damfuZneblebma Tavidanve ician, rom Tu surT ganviTareba, unda
gascdnen qveynis sazRvrebs da es minimaluri danaxarjiT da
maqsimalurad inovaciuri ideiT unda gaa
keTon. swored amitom, saqarTvelo startap biznesis dawyebisTvis
erTerTi saukeTeso adgilia.
Tibisi banki aqtiurad CaerTo startapis programaSi, riTac bevr
damwyeb biznesmes misca TviTgamoxatvis da TviTdamkvidrebis
SesaZlebloba, Tibisi banki cnobilia arerTi wamowyebiT, rogoricaa
Tundac agro sainvesticio sesxis gacema, romelic saSua lebas aZlevs
ubralo glexs gaaSenos mravalwliani kultura da gadaxda daiwyos
saqmianobidan mosavlis miRebis Semdeg, 5wliani saSeRavaTo
periodi,perspeqtivaSi soflis meurneobis swraf ganviTarebad
mesaxeba, SesaZlioa Tanamedrove biznesis amgavrma xelSewyobam
xelSewyobam mniSvnelovnad Seamciros importirebuli saqonlis xvedriTi
wili qarTul bazrebze.
literatura/REFERENCES
[1]. r. lorTqifaniZe, globaluri konkurencia adamianis efeqtiani
gamdidrebisaTvis. 2014, ISBN 9789941063015,
http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/handle/1234/29377
[2]. r. lorTqifaniZe, konkurenciis racionaluri Zalis
dacvisaTvismiTidan kanonzomierebis aRmoCenamde. Tbilisi,
saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTeka, cifruli biblioTeka
„iverieli“. 2014,
ISBN9789941073120(PDF),http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/han-dle/1234/697
[3]. gregori menqiu –ekonimikis principebi.[4]. F FORBES
GEORGIA.
http://forbes.ge/blog/110/konkurenciis-roli-sabazro-ekonomikaSi