This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
MEM 650 Quality Control 1
MEM 650 Agenda - MEM 650 Agenda - Week 1Week 1
Administrative• Confirm class roster• Confirm meeting time• Review requirements
• author: Total Quality Control (1961)• “quality is a customer determination based on
the customer’s actual experience with the product or service, measured against his or her requirements - stated or unstated, conscious or merely sensed, technically operational or entirely subjective - and always representing a moving target in a competitive market.”
MEM 650 Quality Control 11
Shift to QualityShift to Quality
Pre-World War IIPre-World War II 19451945 1990’s1990’s
IsolatedIsolatedEconomiesEconomies
Focus onFocus onquantityquantity
Period ofPeriod ofchange fromchange fromquantity toquantity toqualityquality
GlobalGlobalEconomyEconomy
Focus onFocus onqualityquality
MEM 650 Quality Control 12
History of Quality ParadigmsHistory of Quality Paradigms Customer-craft quality paradigm:
• – design and build each product for a particular customer.• – producer knows the customer directly.
Mass production and inspection quality paradigm:• focus on designing and building products for mass
consumption.• larger volumes will reduce costs and increases profits.• push products on the customer (limit choices).• quality is maintained by inspecting and detecting bad
products. TQM or “Customer Driven Quality” paradigm:
• potential customers determine what to design and build.• higher quality will be obtained by preventing problems
MEM 650 Quality Control 13
Need for a New StrategyNeed for a New Strategy Foreign markets have grown
• Import barriers and protection are not the answer.
Consumers are offered more choices• They have become more discriminating.
Consumers are more sophisticated• They demand new and better products.
MEM 650 Quality Control 14
Why Quality Improvement?Why Quality Improvement? Global Competition
• Economic and political boundaries are slowly vanishing
• The 1950’s slogan “Built by Americans for Americans” is very far from reality in the 2000’s.
MEM 650 Quality Control 15
Why Quality Improvement?Why Quality Improvement? “On the stroke of midnight on December
31, 1992, the United States will become the second-largest economy in the world for the first time in a century”.• Quote from a 1990 Xerox quality conference.
More than corporate profits are at risk; the challenge is to the American standard of living.
MEM 650 Quality Control 16
Why Quality Improvement?Why Quality Improvement? It pays
• Less rework, fewer mistakes, fewer delays, and better use of time and materials
• In United States today, 15 to 20% of the production costs are incurred in finding and correcting mistakes.
MEM 650 Quality Control 17
How Do Organizations Compete?How Do Organizations Compete? Most common competitive measures:
• Quality (both real and perceived)• Cost• Delivery (lead time and accuracy)
Other measures• safety,• employee morale,• product development (time-to-market, innovative