Mediterranean Europe. Spain Portugal Italy Greece.

Mediterranean Europe

Spain

Portugal

Italy

Greece

Mediterranean Europe

I. Region of tradition

-home of ancient civilizations

-democracy started here (Greeks)

-protection of people’s rights (Rome)

II. Iberian Peninsula

-center of commerce since the age of

exploration

II. Iberian Peninsula

A. Spain

1. History

-dominated by wars

-first fought between the Christians

and the Muslims

-Spanish Inquisition

II. Iberian Peninsula

A. Spain

2. Physical Characteristics

II. Iberian Peninsula

A. Spain3. Climate

-mostly Mediterranean Climate -Northern Spain:

plenty of rain to grow crops -Meseta:

dry farming is used -Southern Spain

Siroccos- hot, dry winds from Africa grow citrus fruits and olives

II. Iberian Peninsula

A. Spain4. Economic Activities

-shift from agriculture to industry -major export is transportation

equipment -major cities

i. Bilboa: -steel town

ii. Barcelona -largest port -textiles and plastic

II. Iberian Peninsula

A. Spain5. People

i. heavy settlement around Madrid *hub of Spain due to its central

location *problems of heavy traffic and air pollution

II. Iberian PeninsulaA. Spain

5. People i. heavy settlement around Madrid *hub of Spain due to its central location

*problems of heavy traffic and air pollution ii. Culture *Basques -northern Spain -practice cultural divergence -very independent *Catalon -southern Spain -speak mixture of French and Spanish

King Juan Carlos I

Mariano Rajoy

II. Iberian Peninsula

B. Portugal

-small, compact country

1. Physical Characteristics

II. Iberian Peninsula

B. Portugal

2. Economic Activities

-Farming:

II. Iberian Peninsula

B. Portugal3. Trade

-once traded around the world -joined the European Union in 1986

4. Today -similar to Spain (Republic) -moving to industry and service jobs

-increasing its literacy rate

III. Italy

A. Physical Characteristics

III. Italy

B. People-cities are overpopulated-moving from the farm to look for jobs-high unemployment in the south-more industrial in the North

C. Economic Activities-steel industry-fashion

D. Regions of Italy

III. Italy

North Central South

•European Italy•Po River Valley- center of commercial industry•Major cities -Milan -Turin -Genoa -Venice

III. Italy

D. Regions of Italy

North Central South

•European Italy•Po River Valley- center of commercial industry•Major cities -Milan -Turin -Genoa -Venice

•All about Rome•Heavily influenced by Roman Catholic Church•Other cities: Bologna Florence

III. Italy

D. Regions of Italy

North Central South

•European Italy•Po River Valley- center of commercial industry•Major cities -Milan -Turin -Genoa -Venice

•All about Rome•Heavily influenced by Roman Catholic Church•Other cities: Bologna Florence

•Mezzogiorno

•Poor region

•Many have migrated to the North

•Naples: major city

III. ItalyE. History

1. 700 BC: -village of Rome grows to become the Roman Empire

2. 400’s AD: -Roman Empire collapsed -city-states develop and become major centers of trade

3. 1350-1500’s: -Renaissance

-began in Florence and soon spread to all of Europe

III. ItalyE. History

4. 1861:

-Italy becomes a unified nation

-led by Giuseppe Garibaldi

5. Today:

-Parliamentary Government

IV. Greece

A. People and Environments

-land of over 2,000 islands

-3/4th of the land is mountainous

IV. Greece

A. People and Environments1. Economic Activities -lack natural resources

-few mineral resources-mainly :

sheep herding grow wheat, olives, citrus fruit

-only 1/5th of the land can be farmed-largest shipping fleet in the world-tourism-fishing

IV. Greece

A. People and Environments

2. urban v. rural

a. urban

Athens:

~1/3rd of the population lives here

~mix of old and new

~heavy traffic and air pollution

IV. Greece

A. People and Environments2. urban v. rural b. rural

-largely unchanged from the past

-live in isolated mountain villages -grow crops and raise sheep -village life centers around the village square

IV. Greece

B. History -birthplace of Western culture

1.Ancient Greece -beginning of theater, philosophy, and democracy

-new forms of literature-advances in geometry-Alexander the Great:

-spread Greek culture throughout the Mediterranean area

IV. Greece

B. History

2. Romans and the Turks

i. lived under Roman rule for 300 yrs.

ii. A.D. 400:

became a part of the Eastern Roman

Empire (Byzantium Empire)

iii. 1300’s-1400’s:

-taken over by the Muslim Turks

-allowed to remain Christian

IV. Greece

B. History

3. Independent Greece

-1829: gained their independence

- became a monarchy

- very unstable government

- 1967-1974: military dictatorship

- democracy today

(Third Hellenic Republic)

IV. Greece

C. Culture

1. Language and Religion

-still speak a variation of ancient

Greek

- most people belong to the Greek Orthodox

Church

2. Customs

- family-oriented