Slide 1 Measuring Governance and Democracy: A Methodology and Some Illustrations Presented to: 3 rd OECD World Forum “Statistics, Knowledge and Policy” Busan, Korea October 27-30, 2009 Presented by: Francesca Recanatini Senior Economist PREM Public Sector Governance World Bank
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Slide 1Slide 1
Measuring Governance and
Democracy: A Methodology
and Some Illustrations
Presented to:3rd OECD World Forum“Statistics, Knowledge and Policy” Busan, KoreaOctober 27-30, 2009
Presented by:Francesca RecanatiniSenior EconomistPREM Public Sector GovernanceWorld Bank
Slide 2Slide 2
Outline
Measuring Governance
A Definition
Motivation
Methodology/ies (Kaufmann- Recanatini)
Survey data
Agency-level Indicators
Disseminating Knowledge about Governance
New Actionable Governance Indicators Data
Portal
Going forward
Slide 3Slide 3
Governance and Corruption
The process, institutions and
customs through which the
function of governing is carried
out.
Using public office for
private gain
Governance
Corruption
• Corruption is an outcome – a consequence of weak or bad governance
• Poor delivery of services and weak investment climate are other outcomes of bad governance
Slide 5Slide 5
Political Governance• Political competition, broad-based political parties
Ministère de l‟Energie, Mines et Environnement 70 49 55 52 25 74
Whole Country 62 50 57 45 34 46 75 20 68 42 37
The indicators above take values between 0-100. To interpret them please keep in mind that:
-The higher the value of the governance indicator the better the quality of that dimension .
-The higher the value of the corruption index, the more severe the problem.
Slide 25Slide 25
Citizen Voice Improves Accessibility of Public
Services to the Poor (Bolivia, 1999)
Based on Public Officials Survey. The sample of institutions includes 44 national, departmental,
and municipal agencies which are a prior anticipated to be accessible to the poor
0
20
40
60
80
100
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Voice / External Accountability
Access
ibil
ity t
o t
he P
oor
ControlledCausalLink
r = 0.54
Slide 27Slide 27
Disseminating Knowledge
Rules of the
game
Organizational Capacities
Governance system
performance
Exogenous
factors
Actionable Governance Indicators
http://agidata
Slide 33Slide 33
Lessons learnt
Do we actually know anymore what we are measuring?
Multi tools do not translate into less precision or confusion. Rather, “competition” allows us to improve our methodologies and to create interesting partnerships (Madagascar, Paraguay, Peru)
How can we help various stakeholders make appropriate use of all the tools out there?
Local focus, local capacity building, participation, and learning by doing (Paraguay, Peru, Sierra Leone)
Slide 34Slide 34
Lessons learnt, cont.
How do we balance global (ranking)
measurement tools with national assessments?
Two sides of the same coins, but with different
objectives. Important that the two approaches
complement each other
Who should be involved in measuring?
It depends on the country reality. Our
experience: the country as a whole. But donors,
INGOs can play a very important role (Sierra
Leone, Mozambique, Haiti). NSOs should also
be involved to promote sustainability (Peru,
Paraguay)
Slide 35Slide 35
Lessons learnt, cont.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the approach used?
Pros: Greater local capacity, consensus and ownership that can ensure sustainability of reform process; south-south knowledge dissemination (Costa Rica, Zambia, Mozambique, Haiti)
Cons: Time consuming and costly; challenging to coordinate many different actors, especially international ones; unforeseen political changes
To what extent have measurement tools helped shape public sector reforms?
Honduras, Burundi, Mozambique, Madagascar
Slide 36Slide 36
Lessons learnt, cont.
Additional challenges
2nd generation diagnostics focus on sector
governance => more challenging to apply
this model at the sector level (Mauritania,
Senegal, Yemen and Morocco) Government commitment
Transparency of process
Participation of different stakeholders
Slide 37Slide 37
WB Governance Resources on the Web
Governance and Anti-corruption: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:20040922~menuPK:34480~pagePK:34370~theSitePK:4607,00.html
Public Sector Group: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTPUBLICSECTORANDGOVERNANCE/0,,menuPK:286310~pagePK:149018~piPK:149093~theSitePK:286305,00.html
Governance and Anti-corruption (WBI): http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/WBI/EXTWBIGOVANTCOR/0,,menuPK:1740542~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:1740530,00.html
Governance Diagnostic Surveys Country Sites:http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/capacitybuild/d-surveys.html
Courses and Surveys: Governance Diagnostic Capacity Building:http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/capacitybuild/courses.html