1 Granulomas Granulomas •Definition •Pathogenesis •Classification •A,B,C’s of granulomas macrophage (“epithelioid cell”) T-lymphocyte multinucleated giant cell Granuloma : a closely apposed collection of activated macrophages interacting with other immune cells (T-cells, sometimes eosinophils) in the process of degrading an indigestible antigen OR as a type IV hypersensitivity response antigen
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GranulomasGranulomas•Definition•Pathogenesis•Classification•A,B,C’s of granulomas
macrophage(“epithelioid
cell”)
T-lymphocyte
multinucleatedgiant cell
Granuloma: a closely apposed collection of activated macrophages interacting with other immune cells (T-cells, sometimes eosinophils) in the process of degrading an indigestible antigen OR as a type IV hypersensitivity response
antigen
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3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
CD4 Th1
Th0
Th2
IFN-γ
ROS
lysosomalenzymes
granuloma
65
4
3
2
1
IL-2
IL-12
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CD4 T-lymphocyte
macrophage
dendritic cell CD8 T-lymphocyte
eosinophil
Th2 cytokinesTh1 cytokines
GRANULOMA: generalized structure
TNF-αIFN-γIL-12iNOSIL-2
IL-4IL-5IL-10IL-13
ovum
eosinophil-richmacrophage-rich
Tuberculosis Schistosomiasis
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NN
Birbeck Granule
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25
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27
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Asteroid body
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Schaumann body
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