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Chapter 8
Circuit Switchingand
Telephone Network
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8.1 Circuit Switching8.1 Circuit Switching
Space-Division Switch
Time-Division Switch
TDM Bus
Combinations
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Figure 8.1 Circuit-switched network
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Figure 8.2 A circuit switch
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Figure 8.3 A folded switch
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Figure 8.4 Crossbar switch
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Figure 8.5 Multistage switch
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Figure 8.6 Switching path
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Figure 8.7 Time-division multiplexing, without and with a time-slot interchange
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Figure 8.8 Time-slot interchange
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Figure 8.9 TDM bus
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Figure 8.10 TST switch
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8.2 Telephone Network8.2 Telephone Network
Major ComponentsLATAsMaking a ConnectionAnalog ServicesDigital ServicesA Brief History
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Figure 8.11 A telephone system
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Intra-LATA services are provided by local exchange carriers. Since 1996,
there are two types of LECs: incumbent local exchange carriers and
competitive local exchange carriers.
NoteNote::
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Figure 8.12 Switching offices in a LATA
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Figure 8.13 POPs
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Figure 8.14 Rotary and touch-tone dialing
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Voice communication used analog signals in the past, but is now moving to digital signals. On the other hand,
dialing started with digital signals (rotary) and is now moving to analog
signals (touch-tone).
NoteNote::