Matter ~13.8 Billion Years Ago Sedat Altınpınar Visit of Oslo Students at CERN , 7.5.13
Dec 16, 2015
Matter ~13.8 Billion Years Ago
Sedat Altınpınar
Visit of Oslo Students at CERN , 7.5.13
Motivation
Going deeper in structure…
Standard Model
Strong Interaction is different...
VEM(r)(eV)
r (nm)
Vstrong(r)(GeV)
r (fm)
Quark - QuarkElectron - Proton
krr
c34
rV sstrong h
)(r
crVEM
)(
From Infrared to Ultraviolet
Infrared slavery
Ultraviolet Behaviour
Nobel 2004Gross, Wilczek, Politzer
Does it exist in nature
?
QGP
We can recreate it: LHC @ CERN
4 LHC Experiments
Nucleus-Nucleus Collision
ALICE
Event in ALICE
How to study matter ?
Properties of matter: Conductivity, color, density, phase states, magnetism,…
Example method: Partonic energy loss, ergo kind of finding a Bethe-Bloch for partons.
Probe: Quarks.
For example energy loss of heavy quarks (c and b) delivers important informations about the Quark-Gluon Plasma.
Measurement: Yields of electrons originating from hadrons and hadrons themselves containing heavy quarks like D0(c, u(bar)), B0(b(bar), u),...
The Observable RAA
Nucleus-Nucleus Collision
Proton-Proton Collision
Baseline of RAA
RAA the Nuclear Modification Factor
Hydrodynamics -> Elliptic flow v2
x
pyy
x x
py
x
pyy
xInteractions among the produced particles: Pressure gradients generate positive elliptic flow v2
...)2cos2cos21(2
121
vv
d
dN
x
yz
x
yz
x
yz
x
yz
x
yz
x
yz
It’s liquid !
Phase Diagram of Nuclear Matter
Thank you for listening
And many other observables and ideas